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论文编号：	9990
作者编号：	2120162790
上传时间：	2018/6/6 15:31:12
中文题目：	科研团队中的知识冲突研究
英文题目：	Research on knowledge conflict in the scientific research team
指导老师：	李颖
中文关键字：	科研团队；知识管理；知识冲突；知识异质性；个体差异；知识共享
英文关键字：	scientific research team; knowledge management; knowledge conflict; knowledge heterogeneity; individual differences; knowledge sharing
中文摘要：	作为团队的一种类型，科研团队以科研任务为依托，其内部的成员之间在教育背景、个人特质上多存在较大差异，不同的知识主体之间容易发生异于常规团队的冲突，即根源于知识异质性的知识冲突。科研团队中的知识冲突是一种较为复杂的现象，可能会给团队的知识创新带来不回的影响，也可能通过思想碰撞激发出新的观点。因此，对科研团队中的知识冲突这一现象进行研究可以为促进团队内知识管理提供借鉴。本文旨在对科研团队中知识冲突现象进行研究，构建科研团队中知识冲突发展的过程模型，总结出科研团队中知识冲突模式。具体包括：①科研团队中知识冲突现象产生的原因；②科研团队中知识冲突现象的发展过程；③科研团队中知识冲突会带来哪些作用；④科研团队中知识冲突会受到哪些因素的影响。本文以天津市科学学研究所的科研团队为例进行研究，采用访谈法对科研团队的14位科研人员进行了一对一的半结构化访谈。针对访谈获得的转录数据资料，本文采用扎根理论的方法借助Nvivo11.0质性分析软件通过开放式编码、主轴式编码、选择式编码进行资料分析。质性研究的结果表明，①知识异质性是知识冲突的根本原因，在本文中主要体现在显性知识与显性知识之间的差异、显性知识与隐性知识之间的差异这两方面。个体差异是引发知识冲突的主要因素，包括工作经验、个人性格、团队角色、个人素质、认知偏好、认同感、个人喜好等7个范畴。此外，信息孤岛导致了团队成员之间信息不能及时共享，无法畅通交流，是知识冲突爆发的直接原因。②本文将科研团队中的知识冲突过程划分为产生、发展、结果三个阶段，在发展过程中存在三种发展路径：第一种是整合了知识表达、知识分享、知识网络拓展的“互动型”知识冲突发展过程；第二种是受限于团队角色（领导级别关系）沟通后选择被动接纳对方意见的“询问型”知识冲突发展过程；第三种是对已经分歧采取避而不谈的“回避型”知识冲突发展过程。不同的发展路径会导致达成最优解决方案、直接听从、妥协等不同结果。③对于知识主体而言，知识冲突会使团队成员之间的关系更加亲密，拓展团队成员的知识结构，完善成员的思维模式；对于科研团队而言，知识冲突可以让科研团队的氛围更加融洽，增强团队的凝聚力，促进团队知识交流与分享，从而提高团队的创新能力；对于科研任务而言，知识冲突过程提高了任务的完成质量，但也增加了任务执行的时间成本而降低了工作效率。④科研团队中知识冲突的影响因素包括团队属性、任务属性、个体因素等几个方面。基于以上研究结果，本文总结了科研团队中的两种知识冲突模式，即决策导向的渐进式知识冲突和过程导向的往复式知识冲突，并简要分析了两种知识冲突模式的特点。最后，本文从个人层面和团队层面提出了知识冲突的管理启示，并总结了研究的不足与展望。综上所述，本文的研究采取扎根理论的研究方法构建了科研团队中知识冲突现象的理论模型，丰富了知识冲突现有的理论研究，且研究成果可以为科研团队的知识管理提供借鉴，因此具有理论与实践价值。图6幅，表4个，参考文献70篇。
英文摘要：	As a type of team, scientific research teams are based on scientific research tasks. There is a diversity in the educational background and personal characteristics among team members. Different with conventional teams, team members are prone to conflict with others on thoughtful issues, which is called knowledge conflict. Knowledge conflicts are rooted in the heterogeneity of knowledge. The knowledge conflict in the scientific research team is a more complex phenomenon, which may bring about non-return to the team's knowledge innovation, and may also stimulate new ideas through the collision of ideas. Therefore, research on the phenomenon of knowledge conflict in the scientific research team can promote the knowledge management in the team. This paper aims to study the knowledge conflict in the scientific research team, construct the process model of knowledge conflict in scientific research team, and summarize the knowledge conflict model in the research team. Specifically, it includes: first, reasons for knowledge conflict in scientific research teams; second, the development process of knowledge conflict in scientific research teams; third, the effect of knowledge conflicts in research teams; forth, the factors influence knowledge conflict in scientific research teams. This article uses the research team of the Tianjin Institute of Science as an example to conduct research. The interview method was used to conduct one-to-one semi-structured interviews with 14 researchers of the research team. For the data obtained from the interview, this article uses grounded theory to analyze the data through open coding, spindle coding, and selective coding with Nvivo 11.0 qualitative analysis software. The results of qualitative research indicate that knowledge heterogeneity is the root cause of knowledge conflict. In this paper, it is mainly reflected in the difference between explicit and explicit knowledge and the difference between explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge. Individual diversity is the main factors that trigger knowledge conflict. And seven categories including work experience, personal character, team role, personal quality, cognitive preference, recognition, and personal preference are found. In addition, information silos have led to the inability to share information between team members in a timely manner, and they are unable to communicate smoothly. This is the direct cause of knowledge conflict. This paper divides the process of knowledge conflict in the research team into three stages: generation, development, and outcome. There are three development paths in the development process of knowledge conflict. The first is the integration of knowledge representation, knowledge sharing, and knowledge network prolongation. The second is the development of “inquiry-type” knowledge conflict, which is limited by the role of the team (leadership-level relationship) in passively admitting others’ opinions. The third is to avoid mentioning, which is called "avoiding-type" knowledge conflict development process. Different development paths will lead to different solutions such as achieving optimal solutions, direct obedience, and compromise. For team members, knowledge conflict will make the relationship between team members more intimate, expand the knowledge structure of team members, and improve the member's thinking mode. For the scientific research team, knowledge conflict can make the research team's atmosphere more harmonious. It can also strengthen the team's cohesion, promote team knowledge exchange and sharing, thereby enhancing the team's ability to innovate. For scientific research tasks, the process of knowledge conflict improves the quality of the task, but it also increases the time cost of task execution and reduces work efficiency. The influencing factors of knowledge conflict in research teams include team attributes, task attributes, and individual factors. Based on the above research results, this paper summarizes two knowledge conflict models in the scientific research team, namely decision-oriented progressive knowledge conflict and process-oriented reciprocating knowledge conflict, and briefly analyze the characteristics of the two knowledge conflict models. Finally, this paper proposes the management inspiration of knowledge conflict from the individual level and the team level. At last, the paper summarizes the shortcomings and prospects of the research.In summary, the research of this paper adopts grounded theory research methods to construct the theoretical model of knowledge conflict in scientific research teams, enriches the existing theoretical research of knowledge conflict, and the research results can provide reference for the knowledge management of scientific research teams. With theoretical and practical value. 6 pictures, 4 tables, 70 references.
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