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论文编号：	9805
作者编号：	2120152746
上传时间：	2017/12/11 21:42:41
中文题目：	奥的斯公司ERP实施的风险管理研究
英文题目：	Study on the Risk Management in ERP Implementation of OTIS
指导老师：	侯文华
中文关键字：	ERP；项目管理；OTIS；风险管理；
英文关键字：	ERP; Project Management; OTIS; Project Risk Management
中文摘要：	随着全球经济信息化进程的加快，企业都面临着前所未有的生存和发展压力。信息技术的不断成熟为企业提高现代化管理水平创造了条件，特别是ERP系统是近二十年中发展起来的一款高效管理软件。它整合了企业管理理念、业务流程、基础数据、人力物力、计算机硬件和软件等资源，是企业管理思想和先进信息技术结合的产物，为企业的运营和发展提供了强大的动力。 ERP是集信息技术与先进管理思想于一体的一套系统，已经成为现代企业运行的一种模式，它是建立在计算机技术特别是数据库技术基础上的。从ERP系统诞生到现在已经经历了五个发展阶段，随着Internet/Intranet和网络计算机在计算机技术领域的不断发展，ERP也会朝着未来继续前进。在制造升级被提升为国家战略的背景下，制造企业要想获得竞争优势，必然需要ERP系统来辅助制造。如何有效的、成功的实施ERP项目是摆在每个制造企业面前的一个难题，如果我们把企业实施ERP当作一个项目来管理，并进行有效的项目风险管理，那么这个难题就会迎刃而解。 ERP项目按照其生命周期一般可以分为准备阶段、实施阶段和运行阶段，结合项目风险管理的过程，不难发现ERP项目的风险管理也可以分为准备阶段的风险管理、实施阶段的风险管理和运行阶段的风险管理。按照风险因素的具体内容，ERP项目过程中的风险可以分为七大类：社会环境风险、法律风险、范围风险、进度风险、成本风险、质量风险、技术风险。通过专家评分法可以收集出来每个风险因素的发生的可能性和对项目结果的影响程度，这样就能找出在ERP项目实施过程中不同风险程度的风险因素进行管理。根据风险程度的排序，可以按照优先次序来制定风险应对措施来降低、规避、接受和转移对应的风险。并在ERP项目实施的过程中加强风险监控，做到每时每刻都在关注风险，那么ERP项目的实施对于企业来说就会顺畅很多，成功率也会大大增加。 企业应用ERP系统是一个长期且不断变化的过程，因此对其进行有效的风险管理非常必要。本文基于OTIS公司 ERP项目实施为案例进行的风险管理分析，相信会对类似的一些大型制造企业的具体实践有一定的指导作用。
英文摘要：	With the acceleration of the global economic informationization process, enterprises are facing the unprecedented pressure of survival and development. The continuous maturity of information technology has created the conditions for enterprises to improve the level of modern management, especially the ERP system which has been developed in the last twenty years. It integrates the enterprise management, business process, basic data, human resources, computer hardware and software resources, is the enterprise management thought and a product of advanced information technology, for the operation and development of the enterprise provides powerful motivation. ERP is the collection of information technology and advanced management ideas in the integration of a system that has become a modern enterprise operation pattern, it is based on computer technology, database technology in particular. From the inception of the ERP system to the present five stages of development, with the continuous development of Internet/Intranet and network computers in the field of computer technology, ERP will continue to move forward in the future. In the context of the promotion of manufacturing upgrading to national strategy, the manufacturing enterprises will need the ERP system to assist manufacturing in order to gain competitive advantage. How to effectively, the successful implementation of the ERP project is a difficult problem in front of each manufacturer, if we put the enterprise implement ERP as a project management, and project risk management effectively, then the problem will be solved. ERP project life cycle can be divided into general according to its preparation stage, implementation stage and operation stage, combined with the process of project risk management, it is not difficult to find that the risk of ERP project management can also be divided into the preparation stage of risk management, the implementation stage of the risk management and operational phase of the risk management. According to the specific content of risk factors, in the process of ERP project risk can be divided into seven categories: social environment risk, legal risk, scope, risk, schedule risk, cost, risk, quality risk, technology risk. Through the expert evaluation method can collect out the possibility of the occurrence of each risk factor and the influence degree of the result of the project, so you can find out in the implementation of ERP project risk factors for different levels of risk management. According to the ranking of risk, risk coping measures can be developed according to the priority order to reduce, avoid, accept and transfer the corresponding risks. And strengthen risk control in the process of ERP project implementation, do it all the time on risk, then the implementation of ERP projects for companies will flow a lot, will greatly increase the success rate. Enterprise application ERP system is a long and changing process, so it is necessary to carry out effective risk management. Based on the risk management analysis of the implementation of OTIS ERP project, this dissertation believes that it will have some guiding effect on the concrete practice of similar large manufacturing enterprises. Key Words: ERP; Project Management; OTIS; Project Risk Management
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