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论文编号：	9514
作者编号：	1120140803
上传时间：	2017/12/6 21:48:08
中文题目：	新兴市场跨国公司国际扩张过程中海外子公司逆向知识转移研究
英文题目：	Reverse Knowledge Transfer of EMNEs Overseas Subsidiaries in the Process of International Expansion
指导老师：	许晖
中文关键字：	新兴市场跨国公司；国际扩张；战略资产寻求；子公司自主权；逆向知识转移；知识复杂性
英文关键字：	emerging market multinationals; international expansion; strategic asset seeking; subsidiary autonomy; reverse knowledge transfer; knowledge complexity
中文摘要：	随着经济全球化的深入，新兴市场跨国公司（EMNEs）逐渐兴起并走向全球，并且随着知识经济时代的到来，知识在EMNEs中的作用越来越重要。传统跨国公司国际扩张的目的是进行战略资产利用与知识扩散，而EMNEs与传统跨国公司相比，在营销、管理及技术方面的经验缺乏，其国际扩张主要是以战略资产寻求为主要目的。海外子公司在EMNEs国际扩张的过程中，发挥着“桥头堡”或“旗舰店”的功能，是EMNEs战略资产寻求的主要通道，可以为EMNEs在海外市场积极搜寻市场知识、管理知识、技术知识等战略资产，并将这些知识转移回EMNEs母公司，提升EMNEs整体的竞争实力。EMNEs海外子公司如何在国际扩张过程中将在海外市场获取的知识转移回母公司，提升母公司的知识存量，从而形成在全球范围的知识竞争优势，实现能力追赶，成为EMNEs在国际扩张过程中，面临的一个重大现实问题。 现有文献识别了逆向知识转移对于企业绩效的促进作用，并探讨了逆向知识转移的影响因素，但是对于EMNEs海外子公司逆向知识转移的内在机理探讨不足。因此，本研究借鉴国际扩张，子公司自主权、知识管理等相关理论研究，基于“跳板”理论，采用探索性多案例研究以及大样本实证分析方法探讨EMNEs海外子公司的逆向知识转移问题。通过严谨的逻辑推理及科学的方法论证，构建了“战略资产寻求—海外子公司自主权—逆向知识转移”理论模型，拓展了国际扩张、子公司自主权、知识管理相关理论。本文所得出的研究结论主要包括：（1）EMNEs战略资产寻求对海外子公司自主权以及海外子公司逆向知识转移均具有正向显著的影响。EMNEs战略资产寻求是EMNEs海外子公司逆向知识转移的重要驱动因素，也是EMNEs愿意赋予海外子公司一定自主权的重要原因；（2）海外子公司自主权对EMNEs海外子公司逆向知识转移起正向影响作用，且营销自主权与人事自主权与逆向知识转移呈倒U型关系；（3）海外子公司自主权在战略资产寻求与EMNEs海外子公司逆向知识转移之间起部分中介的作用；（4）详细解构了EMNEs战略资产寻求、海外子公司自主权以及海外子公司逆向知识转移三个构念，并对其二级构念进行了详细的维度划分。（5）知识复杂性对于战略资产寻求与逆向知识转移之间的负向调节作用不显著，对于海外子公司自主权与逆向知识转移之间的负向调节作用也不显著。 本研究的理论价值和创新之处主要包含以下三个方面：第一，构建了“战略资产寻求—海外子公司自主权—逆向知识转移”理论模型，对海外子公司逆向知识转移的维度进行了解构，并对战略资产寻求与逆向知识转移的相关关系、海外子公司自主权与逆向知识转移的相关关系进行了检验，深化了EMNEs情境下的海外子公司逆向知识转移相关研究，丰富了知识转移相关理论；第二，对EMNEs国际扩张的战略资产寻求动因进行解构，对战略资产寻求与海外子公司自主权的相关关系进行了检验，拓展了国际扩张理论的相关研究；第三，对海外子公司自主权进行了解构，并检验了海外子公司自主权各子维度与逆向知识转移的相关关系，拓展与补充了海外子公司自主权的相关研究；第四，发现了知识复杂性对EMNEs战略资产寻求与海外子公司逆向知识转移二者之间关系以及对海外子公司自主权与海外子公司逆向知识转移二者之间关系的调节作用均不显著，拓展了知识特性与知识转移相关关系的研究。 本研究一方面启示EMNEs应进军国际市场，进行适配的战略资产寻求，同时赋予海外子公司一定的自主权，促使海外子公司的逆向知识转移，从而提升EMNEs的竞争优势，推进EMNEs的国际化进程。另一方面，本研究启示EMNEs海外子公司，应该争取一定的海外自主权，以便于其获取与创造东道国知识，积极向母公司进行逆向知识转移，以充实EMNEs的知识库，提升EMNEs的整体实力。
英文摘要：	With the deepening of economic globalization, the emerging market multinationals (EMNEs) gradually spring up and play an important role in global, and with the advent of the knowledge economy era, the role of knowledge in EMNEs become more and more important. The intention of traditional multinational corporation’s international expansion is strategic asset utilization and knowledge diffusion, and compared with the traditional multinational company, EMNEs is deficiency in marketing, management and technical experience, so its main goal is strategic asset seeking in the process of international expansion. Overseas subsidiaries play the role of "bridgehead" or "flagship" in the process of EMNEs international expansion, meanwhile It is the main channel to seek strategic asset for EMNEs in the overseas market. It can search for strategic assets such as management knowledge, technical knowledge actively, and transfer this knowledge back to EMNEs, improve the whole competitive power of EMNEs. In order to promote the knowledge stock of the parent company and form a competitive advantage, how EMNEs overseas subsidiaries acquire knowledge in overseas markets and transfer this knowledge back to the parent company in the process of international expansion, what has mentioned above have become one major practical problems in the process of EMNEs international expansion. Existing literature identified that reverse knowledge transfer can promote enterprise performance, and probes the influence factors of reverse knowledge transfer, but the internal mechanism of reverse knowledge transfer for EMNEs overseas subsidiaries is deficient. Therefore, this study draw lessons from related theoretical study such as international expansion, subsidiary autonomy, knowledge management, and based on the theory of "springboard" theory, using exploratory case study and large sample empirical analysis method to explore the reverse knowledge transfer of EMNEs overseas subsidiaries. Constructing the theory model of "strategic assets seeking-overseas subsidiary autonomy - reverse knowledge transfer" through rigorous logic and scientific method, expanding the related theory about international expansion, subsidiary autonomy and knowledge management. The main conclusions of this study include: (1) EMNEs strategic asset seeking has positive significant influence on overseas subsidiary autonomy and overseas subsidiaries reverse knowledge transfer. EMNEs strategic asset seeking is an important driving factor for reverse knowledge transfer of EMNEs overseas subsidiaries. strategic asset seeking is also the important reasons for the EMNEs’ willingness to give certain autonomy of overseas subsidiaries; (2) overseas subsidiary autonomy has a positive influence on reverse knowledge transfer of EMNEs overseas subsidiaries, the relationship between marketing autonomy and reverse knowledge transfer is inverted u-shaped relationship ,meanwhile the relationship between the human resource management autonomy and reverse knowledge transfer is inverted u-shaped relationship too; (3) the overseas subsidiary autonomy plays a partial intermediary role in the relationship between EMNEs strategic asset seeking and overseas subsidiaries reverse knowledge transfer; (4) deconstructing the dimensions of three construction such as EMNEs strategic asset seeking, overseas subsidiaries autonomy and overseas subsidiaries reverse knowledge transfer detailly, and the secondary construction has deconstructed detailly; (5) The negative moderating effect of knowledge complexity on the relationship between strategic asset seeking and reverse knowledge transfer isn’t significant, likewise for the relationship between overseas subsidiary autonomy and reverse knowledge transfer. The theoretical value and the innovation of this study includes following three aspects: first, theory model of "strategic asset seeking - overseas subsidiary autonomy - reverse knowledge transfer" was build, the dimension of overseas subsidiaries reverse knowledge transfer was deconstructed, and the relationship between strategic asset seeking and reverse knowledge transfer, overseas subsidiary autonomy and the reverse knowledge transfer was tested, deepened related research of reverse knowledge transfer in the situation of EMNEs, enrich the related theory of knowledge transfer; Second, deconstructed strategic asset seeking of EMNEs, the relationship between strategic asset seeking and overseas subsidiary autonomy was tested, expand the related research in the theory of international expansion; Third, deconstructed overseas subsidiary autonomy, and verified the relationship between various dimensions of overseas subsidiary autonomy and reverse knowledge transfer, extended and supplemented the relevant research of overseas subsidiary autonomy; Fourth, discovered moderating effect of the knowledge complexity on the relationship between EMNEs strategic asset seeking and reverse knowledge transfer ,likewise the relationship between the overseas subsidiaries autonomy and reverse knowledge transfer isn’t significant, expand the research of relationship between knowledge characteristic and knowledge transfer. On the one hand, this study enlightened that EMNEs should enter the international market, choice the well-matched strategic asset seeking, at the same time give certain autonomy of overseas subsidiaries, prompting reverse knowledge transfer of overseas subsidiaries, thereby improve competitive advantage of EMNEs, promote the internationalization of EMNEs. On the other hand, this study enlightened that EMNEs overseas subsidiaries should strive for a certain overseas autonomy, to facilitate the knowledge access and knowledge create of the host country, transfer knowledge back to the parent company positively, enriched knowledge base of EMNEs, enhance the overall strength of EMNEs.
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