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论文编号：	9039
作者编号：	2220120429
上传时间：	2017/5/31 11:33:44
中文题目：	ZY房地产公司风险管理研究
英文题目：	ZY Real Estate Company risk management research
指导老师：	张继勋
中文关键字：	房地产公司，风险管理，风险应对
英文关键字：	real estate company, risk management, risk response
中文摘要：	1. 研究背景 众所周知，房地产行业本身就是一个高收益与高风险并存的行业。纵观我国房地产的发展历程，房地产市场发展的愈迅猛，企业所要承担的风险就愈大。所以，无论是哪个开发商，在企业的运营过程中都必须具有很强的风险意识，必须对市场有准确的评估，从而做出科学的决策，这不仅关系到企业的效益，还决定着企业的生死存亡。从宏观的角度来看，房地产行业的风险管理水平受到各级政府机关、大型投资机构、专家学者等的关注。能否科学有效的进行风险控制将会影响到整个房地产的健康发展，从而对国民经济的发展起到不可忽视的意义。 本文通过对ZY房地产公司风险管理案例的研究以及分析，实现提升ZY房地产公司风险管理水平的目标，同时对其他房地产公司开展风险管理工作，从风险识别、风险评估、风险控制到风险管理评价这一过程提供科学、客观的参考和借鉴。那么，无论在学术理论角度、投资人角度、企业经营角度，甚至宏观经济管理等角度都会带来良好的社会效益和经济效益。 2. 研究方法 本论文采取的是理论（文献调研法）与案例（案例诊断研究法）相结合的方法，借鉴管理学和经济学的相关理论，在选题上以房地产企业的风险为模板，详细阐述了有关风险评估、风险识别、风险控制等多方面的内容，系统的研究房地产企业风险管理的宏观和微观两个方面的机理。 案例诊断研究法方面，作者以房地产企业管理人员的身份实际参与ZY房地产公司的经营管理工作，并依据风险管理理论对ZY房地产公司的风险管理架构、风险管理基础等，进行了识别、评估、应对和监控处理。 文献调研法，以“房地产”、“风险管理”、“风险应对”等为主要内容的检索词对中国MBA智库网络数据库、中国道客巴巴网络论文数据库、中国期刊全文数据库等大型数据库进行检索，并以北京首都图书馆为主要研究点，筛选、阅读了大量房地产业态、风险管理内容为主的书刊、期刊、杂志等，积累了大量的理论基础。 3. 论文结构及内容 笔者在本论文中研究的内容主要包括： 第一章，绪论。主要阐述了本文研究的意义、背景、目的及国内外发展的现状，并对本文的研究方法进行了介绍了阐述。 第二章主要是关于风险相关理论的研究。详细剖析了房地产企业运营过程中所必须面对的风险，为读者介绍了房地产企业风险类型、风险的特点和风险的原理等方面的内容。 第三章重点分析了相关的案列，并以ZY房地产公司为例，介绍了风险管理的相关理论，分析出房地产企业的风险控制现状和风险管理组织结构，并提出有关风险的应对措施，系统的分析了风险控制的方法，这不仅可以使房地产公司对风险管理具有一定的指导意义，还具有一定的操作性，从而在一定的程度上促进房地产企业内部的运营机制能够得到更好的开展。 第四章主要是对ZY房地产公司在风险管理的过程中出现的相关问题提出解决的方法，并以企业风险评估为基础，对那些高风险的因素采取科学、有效、合理的防范措施，并对这些风险管理体系进行整改，从而提高风险防范的能力。 第五章是结论和对未来的畅想，并对房地产企业的风险进行总结归纳。 论文结尾部分包括参考文献、致谢等论文附属内容。 4. 论文结论 4.1 论文基本结论 本文主要针对 ZY 房地产公司风险管理的现状和存在的问题进行了详细研究，并对“项目决策风险、融资债务风险、合同管理风险”三项重大风险进行了深入剖析。对房地产企业在实际运营中如何进行有效管理，从而最大化减少风险发生的概率，达成经营管理目标，完善房地产公司风险管理体系作了详细论述。最终得出以下结论： （1） 企业风险管理主要有八个互相联系的要素，这八个要素分别是内部环境、风险识别、目标设定、风险评估、控制活动、风险应对、监督与改进和信息与沟通。必须将这八个要素与企业的内部控制结合起来。 （2） 分析了ZY 房地产公司的组织结构和业务特点，对在风险管理中的相关措施进行了论述，指出了在管理中存在的缺陷。 （3） 对该企业在风险管理中的缺陷，运用风险管理的八要素对企业的全面风险管理体系进行了重塑。 （4） 在风险管理中必须做好对重大风险的管控工作，并建立风险预警机制，优化风险管理流程，提高企业应对风险的能力。 4.2 研究局限和展望 随着我国经济结构战略性调整不断升级，行业竞争日趋激烈，政策调控频频出台，市场环境风云变幻，房地产行业所面临的风险也必将日益严峻。因个人知识水平有所局限，以及对房地产企业风险管理的研究时间尚短，业态的不断更新和变化把握不足，导致本文一定存在一些不足： 主要包括，房地产行业重大风险的研究不够全面、深入；房地产三大风险的研究论述还有所欠缺。在房地产公司经营管理过程中，风险在整个产业链条中的变化和迁移性研究还不够深入；以及其它的由于笔者水平及见识所限导致的不足之处。同时，这也是未来房地产公司风险管理研究的重点。
英文摘要：	1. Research background As we all know, real estate is an industry with high profit and high risk. Look throughout the development of real estate in China, the more rapid the real estate market develops, the bigger risk shall be undertaken by the enterprise. Therefore, each developer shall have strong consciousness of risk during the operation of enterprise and correct assessment to the market, and make scientific decisions, which may not only relate to the profit of enterprise, but also decide the survival of enterprise. From the macro point of view, the risk management level of real estate industry has drawn attention from government institutions at various levels, large size institution, specialists and scholars. Whether scientifically and efficiently control the risk will affect the healthy development of the whole real estate, playing a deniable significance to the development of national economy. Through the research and analysis on risk management cases in ZY Real Estate Company, this dissertation is aim to achieve the target to improve risk management level for ZY Real Estate Company and carry out risk management for other real estate companies, so as to provide scientific and objective references from the risk identification, assessment, control and management. Thus, a good social and economic efficiency will be brought from the view of academic theory, investor, enterprise operation or even the macro economy. 2.Research methods Combined with theory (literature research method) and case (Case diagnosis method) method, this dissertation describes the corresponding risk assessment, identification, control and other aspects in detail and systematically researches the macro and micro mechanism of risk management in real estate enterprise by learning from relative theories of management and economy and taking the risk of real estate enterprise as a template. For case diagnosis method, the author personally participates in the operation and management of ZY Real Estate Company as a management in the real estate enterprise and identifies, assesses, responds and monitors the risk management structure and base for ZY Real Estate Company according to the risk management theory. For literature research method, the author retrieves China’s MBA think tank network database, Doc88 network dissertation database, Chinese Journal Full-text Database and other large databases through main retrieving words such as “Real estate”, “Risk management” and “Risk response”, then screens and reads many books, journals and magazines mainly focus on real estate format and risk management by taking Beijing Capital Library as the main research point, and thus accumulates a lot of theoretical basis. 3.Dissertation structure and content The content researched by the author in this dissertation mainly includes: Chapter 1 is the introduction, which mainly clarifies the research significance, background, target, the current status of domestic and foreign development as well as the research method of this dissertation. Chapter 2 mainly refers to the research on relative theories about risk. It analyzes the risk that must be faced by the real estate enterprise during operation in detail and introduce the type, characteristic and principle of risk in real estate enterprise for readers. Chapter 3 focuses on the analysis of related cases, and introduces the related theories of risk management by taking ZY Real Estate Company as an example, analyzes the risk control status and risk management organizations structure of real estate enterprise, puts forward corresponding countermeasures for risk, and systematically analyzes the risk control method, which not only has a certain guiding significance to the risk management for real estate company, but also has operability to promote the internal operation mechanism of real estate enterprise to get better development in a certain degree. Chapter 4 mainly puts forward some solutions for the related problems occurred during the risk management of ZY Real Estate Company, takes scientific, efficient and rational preventive measures for high risk factors based on enterprise risk assessment, and rectify these risk management systems to improve the ability of risk prevention. Chapter 5 refers to the conclusion and imagination for future, which also summarize the risks of real estate enterprise. The ending part of this dissertation mainly includes references, acknowledgements and other appendixes of this dissertation. 4. Conclusion 4.1 Basic conclusion of the dissertation This dissertation mainly researches the current status and existing problems of risk management for ZY Real Estate Company in detail, and deeply analyzes three major risks “Project decision risk, financial debt risk and contract management risk”. Moreover, it also discusses how does real estate enterprise conduct effective management in practical operation to maximally reduce the occurrence ratio of risk, achieve the operation and management target, and improve the risk management system. Finally, it draws the following conclusions: （1） Enterprise risk management mainly has eight interconnected elements, i.e., internal environment, risk identification, target setting, risk assessment, control activity, risk response, monitoring & improvement, information & communication, which shall be combined with internal control of enterprise. （2） Analyzes the organization structure and business characteristic of ZY Real Estate Company, discusses the related measures taken in risk management and points out the disadvantages existed in the management. （3） For disadvantages in risk management, it reshapes the comprehensive risk management system for enterprise by means of eight elements of risk management. （4） It is necessary to do a good job of major risk control during the risk management, establish risk early-warning mechanism, optimize risk management flow and improve enterprise’s ability to deal with risk. 4.2 Research limit and expectation With continuous upgrade of strategic adjustment of Chinese economic structure, the industrial competition becomes increasingly fierce, policy regulations are frequently published, and the market environment is changing, so the risk faced by real estate industry will be increasingly severe as well. Due to my limit knowledge and short time I research the risk management in real estate enterprise, I cannot fully grasp the continuous update and change of format, which lead to some shortages in this dissertation: Mainly includes, the research on major risk in real estate industry is not comprehensive and deep; There are disadvantages in the research and discussion on three risks of real estate. During the operation and management process of real estate company, both the change and transfer research of risk in the whole industrial chain is not deep enough; Other disadvantages caused by the limit of author’s level and experience. Meanwhile, this is also the key of risk management research for real estate company in the future.
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