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论文编号：	8515
作者编号：	1120120759
上传时间：	2016/6/14 22:36:32
中文题目：	制度感知、关系强度与企业合作创新绩效研究——基于天津区域创新体系的实证
英文题目：	Institutional perception, relationship strength and enterprise cooperative innovation performance——An Empirical Study Based on Tianjin regional innovation system
指导老师：	严建援
中文关键字：	区域创新体系；关系强度；合作创新；信任；信息共享
英文关键字：	Regional innovation system; Tie strength; Cooperative innovation; Trust; Information sharing
中文摘要：	当前，全球化背景下的区域经济发展面临着许多新的挑战和机遇，区域创新能力已日趋成为获取竞争优势的决定性因素。科技企业是区域发展的主要动力来源，对于区域发展的产业结构调整和动力增长具有重要作用。创新的发展不再是单一的线性发展模式，更多地从系统的角度来考量，合作创新成为区域创新体系构建的重要因素。本文基于中国区域创新体系情境，探索影响科技企业合作创新发展的研究，具有重要的理论和现实意义。本研究以区域创新体系理论、制度理论、关系资本理论、社会资本理论、合作创新理论等为基础，采用文献研究、质性研究、问卷调查、结构方程等方法，对区域创新体系情境下科技企业合作创新的影响机制进行全面系统地分析和论证。研究内容和过程主要包括：（1）按照扎根理论研究方法的过程要求，选取6名科技企业的企业家和1名资深企业管理咨询专家作为访谈对象，提炼出区域创新体系情境下，影响科技企业合作创新的关键影响因子，梳理出核心范畴所蕴含的逻辑关系。（2）通过原始材料的梳理，深入的阐释影响科技企业合作创新的关键要素，在此基础上建立了概念模型。（3）在扎根研究提出的概念模型的基础上，针对本文研究的主题和提出的问题，给出了12个研究假设，并提出了研究结构模型。设计了研究问卷，对问卷数据进行了初步的分析。通过对文献的归纳，形成初步的测量指标。（4）对研究假设进行了实证检验。把天津地区规模稍大科技企业作为问卷发放对象，使用统计分析软件IBM SPSS Statistics19.0和Smart PLS3.0验证了前置变量、自变量、因变量、中介变量、调节变量之间的关系，并对相关结果进行了讨论。（5）提出了建设互动、合作的区域创新体系对策。按照本文研究结果，结合我国区域创新体系发展现状，设计和构建了加快科技企业合作创新的路线图，通过制度层次、网络创新网络平台层次和政策支持层次三个层面提出了对策。主要结论包括：（1）关系强度的增强有助于提升科技企业合作创新绩效。本文扎根研究和问卷调查的对象主要是主营业务收入在5000万以上的科技企业，对于这类企业来说，通过创新主体间关系的增强，能够为合作创新直接提供相关创新资源，促进企业合作创新绩效提升。（2）创新体系制度环境是企业关系互动的重要前提。区域创新体系的制度为科技企业关系强度的增强提供了激励和保障，促进了其他创新主体与企业互动合作创新。（3）创新体系正式制度能够影响区域创新体系非正式制度。区域创新体系的正式制度安排为科技企业合作互动提供交流的平台和制度保障，也是原来关系进一步的深化的保障。（4）信任和信息共享是促成企业间合作的重要力量。尤其是信任在推动合作创新中的非常重要，信任是提高合作创新绩效的核心和基础，甚至在关系强度缺失的情况同样可以促进企业的合作创新，没有信任作为条件，企业间与其他创新主体间很难形成合作关系，也很难维持合作关系。（5）合作创新成功与否也有赖于企业自身的创新储备和投入。知识吸收能力和专用性投资是企业在合作创新中的重要资源，合作能否成功不仅在于科技企业跟外部企业的关系情况，同样与企业自身的知识吸收能力和合作专用性投资有关。本文主要创新点如下：（1）构建了影响科技企业合作创新绩效的扎根理论模型。本文通过扎根理论梳理出中国区域创新体系情境下影响科技企业合作创新绩效的脉络，提取出合作创新绩效的关键影响因子：“关系强度”、“信任”、“信息共享”、“知识吸收能力”、“专用性投资”；提取出关系强度的两个前置变量：“区域创新体系的正式制度”、“区域创新体系非正式制度”。（2）分析了中国区域创新体系制度情境下影响科技企业合作创新机制路径。通过对研究假设的实证检验，发现强关系不仅能直接影响合作创新绩效，还可以通过信任和信息共享的中介作用影响协同创新绩效，尤其是信任发挥了完全中介的作用；验证了研究了区域创新体系正式制度感知和非正式制度感知的关系，企业知识吸收能力和专用性投资的调节作用。（3）提出了推动区域内企业合作创新发展的创新性对策。结合本文的研究结果，从区域发展发展实际和科技企业发展现状出发，通过制度层次、网络互动平台层次和政策支持层次三个层面，有针对性的提出了关于建设互动、合作的区域创新体系的对策。本文的研究成果有助于理解我国区域创新体系下影响科技企业合作创新的机制，对于管理者来说，将会引起他们的深入思考，在构筑创新体系过程中，政府的导向应该更多的倾向于创新体系制度的改善，营造充分互动、合作信任和信息共享的网络和环境。对于科技企业来说，关系互动的增强和和体系制度的应用都是企业发展的必然选择，在与其他创新主体合作过程中，还应该注重自身知识吸收能力和专用性投资的增强。
英文摘要：	Nowadays the development of regional economy faces lots of new challenges and opportunities, and the ability of regional innovation has become the decisive factor to obtain the competitive advantages. As the main power source of regional development, high-tech enterprises play a critical role in the adjustment of industrial structure and the dynamic growth of regional development. It is a consensus that the innovation is no longer the mode of linear development, and more attention should be turned to the system perspective. This paper has an important theoretical and practical significance to explore the impact of regional innovation system on the cooperative innovation of high-tech enterprises in the context of China. The research is based on the regional innovation system theory, institutional theory, relational capital theory, social capital theory, cooperative innovation theory. Meanwhile, by using the methods of literature research, qualitative research, questionnaire survey and structural equation, the impact mechanism of high-tech enterprises' cooperation innovation is analyzed and demonstrated in the context of the regional innovation system. In particular, research contents and process mainly include: (1) six enterprises and a senior enterprise management consulting experts are selected as the interview object, to extract the key factor that influences high-tech enterprise’s cooperative innovation and find out the logical relationship of the core category; (2) through the analysis from the interview, the key factors affecting the cooperation and innovation of high-tech enterprises are deeply interpreted, and the theoretical model is established; (3) on the basis of the established theoretical model, 12 research hypotheses and a structure model is then proposed. Furthermore, a questionnaire was designed, and corresponding responses are collected and analyzed. Through the induction of the literature, the measurement indicators are set as well; (4) an empirical test is carried out on the research hypothesis. Specifically, the high-tech enterprises in Tianjin area are selected as the questionnaire distributed object. Then, the IBM SPSS Statistics19.0 and smart PLS3.0 are used to verify the antecedent variables, independent variables, dependent variable and mediator, and the relationship amongst these variables are investigated; (5) the countermeasure for constructing interactive and cooperative regional innovation system is proposed. Last but not least, according to the results of this study, combined with the current development status of Chinese regional innovation system, a roadmap that may help to accelerate the high-tech enterprise cooperative innovation is designed and the countermeasures are put forward. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) a stronger tie among the high-tech enterprises is helpful to improve their cooperative innovation performances. Through strengthening the relationship within the innovation actors, corresponding innovative resources can be directly obtained for the innovation cooperation, thereby promoting the innovation performances of these enterprises. (2) The institutional environment in which the innovation system locates is an important prerequisite for the interaction of these relations. The institution of regional innovation system provides incentives and protection for the strength of the relationship between high-tech enterprises and other innovative actors. (3) The formal institution of innovation system can affect the informal institution of regional innovation system. The formal institutional arrangement of the regional innovation system provides the platform and institutional guarantee for the high-tech enterprises' cooperation and exchanges, and deepens the original relationship as well. (4) Trust and information sharing are valuable resources to facilitate the inter-firm cooperation, and the trust plays a important role in promoting cooperative innovation. In detail, trust is the core and foundation of the cooperative innovation, even in the lack of interaction between the actors, it can also promote the inter-firm cooperative innovation. If there is no trust between the enterprise and other innovative actors, it is difficult to maintain a cooperation relations. (5) The success of cooperative innovation depends on its own innovation strategy. The knowledge absorptive capacity and specific investment are important resources of enterprises in the cooperative innovation. The success of cooperation lies not only in the relationship between high-tech enterprises with the outside actors, but also depends on the enterprise's own knowledge absorptive ability and the cooperation specific investment. The main contribution and novelties of this paper are as follows: (1) A grounded theory model is constructed to explain the influences of the key factors for high-tech enterprises' cooperation and innovation. Based on the grounded theory, this paper summarizes the context of the impact of cooperative innovation performance under the Chinese regional innovation system. Key impact factors of cooperative innovation performance, such as “the strength of ties”, “trust”, “information sharing”, “knowledge absorptive capacity” and “specific investment” are extracted. Moreover, two antecedent variables (i.e., “regional innovation system formal system”, “regional innovation system informal institution”) are also distilled. (2) An analysis is conducted for exploring the impact mechanism of Chinese regional innovation system which affects the cooperative innovation. Through the empirical test of the hypothesis, we found the strong ties between the high-tech enterprise and other innovative actors do not only directly affect the cooperative innovation performance, but also influence the cooperative innovation performance through the trust and information sharing. Meanwhile, this paper verified the relationship between the regional innovation system of formal institution and informal institution. It is also found that enterprises’ knowledge absorptive capacity and specific investment are two intermediary variables. (3) Some countermeasures to promote the cooperative innovation of enterprise in the region are proposed. Given the result of this paper and the current development status of both Tianjin Area and high-tech enterprises, the paper puts forward the countermeasures on the construction of interactive and cooperative regional innovation system through system level, network level and policy support levels. The research results contribute to the comprehension of the relationship between the tie strength and enterprises’ cooperative innovation in Chinese regional innovation system. For the government, more attention should be paid to promote interaction, trust and information sharing environment in the process of innovation system construction. For the high-tech enterprise, the system formal and informal institutions are both inevitable choice for the development of enterprises. In the process of cooperation with other innovative actors, more efforts should be made to enhance their own innovation capacity.
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