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论文编号：	8342
作者编号：	2120142474
上传时间：	2016/6/7 21:20:42
中文题目：	股权结构、贷款质量与银行绩效的实证研究
英文题目：	An Empirical Research on Ownership Structure, Loan Quality and Bank Performance
指导老师：	齐岳
中文关键字：	股权集中度;股权性质;贷款质量;银行绩效
英文关键字：	Ownership Concentration;Ownership Nature;Loan Quality;Bank Performance
中文摘要：	商业银行在一国金融体系中的主导地位，决定了与其相关的问题必然会引发各方的关注与研究。近几年，城市商业银行的崛起，使得银行业之间的竞争日趋激烈，外资银行的引入也对国内商业银行的发展产生了一定的冲击。如何在竞争中保持优势地位，取得更好的绩效水平成为重中之重。上市商业银行数量的不断增加及部分城市商业银行信息披露的日渐完善，使得对与银行相关的研究更加可行。本文即是在这样一种背景下，以提升银行绩效水平为研究目的，从公司治理的角度嵌入，结合近期日益严重的银行不良贷款上升问题，以16家成功上市的商业银行和20家非上市城市商业银行2007-2014年的数据为研究样本，重点研究股权结构和贷款质量对商业银行绩效的作用机制，其中20家城市商业银行的数据为手工搜集所得，最终样本量为384。 在研究过程中，将股权结构细分为股权集中度和股权性质两个维度，股权集中度以第一大股东持股比例和第一大股东的控股能力加以衡量，股权性质则为对银行是否属于国有性质的衡量；银行绩效采用总资产收益率加以表示；在此基础上为了深入探讨股权结构对银行绩效的作用机制，引入贷款质量，并以不良贷款率作为替代变量，依次研究贷款质量对银行绩效的影响及其在股权结构与银行绩效之间的中介效应，其中中介效应的检验主要采用的是三步骤依次检验法。研究结果表明：（1）股权集中度和股权性质均会对银行绩效产生负向的影响，即银行的大股东的持股比例越高、控制能力越强，越可能存在“掏空”银行侵害中小股民的行为，不利于银行绩效的提升，同时，国有属性的商业银行的绩效要低于非国有银行；（2）贷款质量与银行绩效显著正相关，降低不良贷款引起的成本和风险上升不容小觑；（3）贷款质量在股权结构和银行绩效两者关系中起部分中介作用，从而表明股权结构一方面直接对银行绩效产生负向作用，同时又通过贷款质量对银行绩效产生间接的负向影响。 本文的研究可以为股权结构对银行绩效的作用机制提供新的证据，有利于发现银行在股权治理结构中的问题，完善银行的治理结构，降低经营风险，提升贷款质量，从而对有效发挥银行的资本配置作用有着重要的意义。
英文摘要：	The dominant position of commercial banks in the financial system of a country determines that all problems related to them will lead to a great deal of attention inevitably. On the one hand, the rising of city commercial banks makes the competition between banks more fierce in the recent years. Also, the introduction of foreign banks also has strong influence on the development of domestic commercial banks. How to maintain dominant position and achieve better performance have become prior problems. On the other hand, the continuous increase of listed commercial banks and the gradual improvement of the information disclosure of some city commercial banks make it more feasible to do research about commercial banks. Under such a background, our research is aim to investigate how to improve the level of bank performance, From the perspective of corporate governance and growing non-performing loans problem, we choose 16 listed commercial banks and 20 non-listed city commercial banks from 2007-2014 as our study objects, the information about these 20 non-listed city commercial banks are collected by hand, and finally we have collected 384 Chinese bank information. In the procedure of the study, we divide the ownership structure into two dimensions: ownership concentration and ownership nature. Ownership concentration is measured by the proportion of the first largest shareholder as well as control ability of the largest shareholder; Ownership nature is measured by whether the bank belongs to the state-owned property; we use ROA(the rate of return on total assets) to measure bank performance; In order to explore the mechanism between ownership structure and bank performance deeply, we also consider loan quality, which is judged by the NPR(the rate of non-performing loans). And finally, we study the mediating effect of loan quality between ownership structure and bank performance using three step test method. The results show that: (1)Both ownership concentration and ownership nature have negative influence on the bank performance, which means that with the bank ownership concentration and the large shareholders’ holding ability going up, the big shareholders are more likely to carry out "tunneling" behavior to exploit small as well as medium-sized shareholders, which is harmful to bank performance. At the same time, performance of state-owned commercial banks is poorer than non-state-owned banks; (2) Loan quality is positively related with bank performance, which proves that reducing the cost and risk caused by non-performing loans should not be underestimated; (3)Loan quality has mediating effect between ownership structure and bank performance, which shows that ownership structure is not only affect bank performance directly, but also has indirect negative effect on bank performance through loan quality. Our study can provide new evidence for the mechanism between ownership structure and bank performance. Also, result of this research is beneficial to discover problems in bank governance structure, improve the level of bank governance, reduce operating risk, and enhance the loan quality, which is significant to help banks play an effective role in the bank capital allocation function.
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