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论文编号：	831
作者编号：	2120062202
上传时间：	2008/12/16 8:59:04
中文题目：	电子制造业新产品导入方式选择模
英文题目：	The study to “model of new pr
指导老师：	焦媛媛
中文关键字：	电子制造业 新产品导入 新产品
英文关键字：	Electronic manufacturing indus
中文摘要：	随着消费者需求的多样性，以及企业间竞争的加剧，一个企业不可能靠一款产品牢牢占据市场，因此要求企业能够快速的将新产品方案转化为产品，并转入制造中心进行批量生产，即进行新产品导入。由于多种原因，大量的跨国企业把其制造基地落户中国，同时伴随着国内制造型企业的快速发展，中国被越来越多的赋予“世界制造中心”的称号，因此这些企业需要有效的将新产品从设计图纸转为实物，即完成新产品导入。 2007年中国电子信息产业销售收入5.6万亿元人民币，产业规模居世界前列，这些都显示了我国在电子制造业方面的巨大优势。对于电子制造业来说应该从研发、改良和引入新的电子产品着手，同时不断改进工艺流程，提高产品品质、技术含量，继而提升核心竞争力。而新产品开发中的核心环节之一便是新产品导入，尤其是对大量的中国制造型企业而言，新产品导入更是重中之重，这是因为在当前的全球化竞争中，中国企业研发能力较弱的情况，往往被作为世界制造中心而担任新产品导入的工作，而这样的工作往往影响到整个新产品开发的进度，即新产品的开发周期，进而影响整个企业竞争力的提高。另一方面，项目管理作为一种管理方法，其发展也越来越普及，在IT项目开发和新产品研制中，起到很大的作用。同时，众多的行业优秀企业也将项目管理应用于新产品导入中，对其进行科学、有效的管理，这也被认为是管理新产品开发和新产品导入最为有效的方法。于是，众多企业引入项目管理来开展新产品导入，可是很多企业在采用新产品导入时没有考虑企业和产品的实际特点，因此造成新产品导入存在或多或少的问题，最终导致客户不满，损坏企业品牌，令企业竞争力降低。 研究资料表明，中国企业在进行产品导入的过程中经常会出现以下问题：上市的产品有诸多质量毛病，不能满足客户的需求；新产品开发和导入过程中，仍然奉行技术导向的思路，自己能做什么就做什么，而不是千方百计满足顾客的需要；产品导入过程经常出现返工，不断地从生产甚至是从市场返回到设计部门重新设计，导致大量的重复劳动；产品导入速度相对市场中的跨国企业以及行业的技术更新，显得非常缓慢，新产品开发和导入项目在开展时缺乏精确的进度计划，因此缺乏进度控制等等。以上这些问题让优秀的民族企业在与跨国公司的较量中，屡屡败下阵来，虽然如此，在资源非常有限的情况下，我国企业依然坚持在产品开发和导入上进行大量的投入，但是效果仍然不尽如人意。这样来说我国企业的勇气可嘉，值得赞赏，但面对如此的困境，我国企业应该开始仔细研究新产品导入的方式，因为只有在正确的方法指导下才能事半功倍，才能最高效和合理的解决新产品开发和导入中的问题。如何能够帮助企业选择合适的新产品导入方式，便成为了当前最具有意义的研究之一。通过了解我国电子制造业发展的现况，发现现阶段我国电子制造企业的情况各不相同，主要包含如下几点：1. 企业文化差异大；2. 企业的规模不同；3. 产品本身复杂程度不同；4. 企业研发中心、制造中心以及供应商的地理布局不同等等，总之，不同的企业会有很多的区别。只有在充分考虑企业自身特点的基础上，才能选择符合企业实际情况的新产品导入方式。同时，新产品导入工作具有项目管理工作的特点，是适合采用项目管理思想来管理的，应用项目管理的思想和方法来进行有效的管理，可以利用整体管理的概念，通过整体协调和管理，加强沟通，明确责任，有效控制整个项目的时间、成本、质量和风险，开发出适销对路的产品。 本研究采用了多种研究方法，包括：文献梳理、访谈方法、案例研究方法等等。按照跨案例分析的方法，本研究选取3个不同企业的实例对命题以及《新产品导入方式选择模型》进行检验，证明模型的有效性。在开展案例研究的过程中，本文首先结合新产品开发、新产品导入和项目管理等现有理论依据，提出两种项目管理式的新产品导入方式：1、静态项目式的新产品导入方式；2、动态项目式的新产品导入方式。于是在现有理论基础上，通过分析企业所面临的新产品导入影响因素，帮助企业根据企业自身和产品的特点，从这两种不同的新产品导入方式中选择最适宜企业采用的方式，以达到最好的完成新产品导入的目标。 在本研究的结论模型指导之下，我国企业能够顺利的开展新产品导入工作，并使新产品导入逐步成为企业的核心竞争力。不过，本研究的部分结论仍然尚待深入进行，这是因为在本次研究的结果《新产品导入方式选择模型》中，虽然对企业如何选择新产品导入方式给予了方向性的指导，但尚不能根据评分的结果给企业予精确的判断。只有对电子制造业内新产品导入运作成功的大量企业进行访谈和调研后，根据相关的数据的两种项目式的新产品导入方式选择的评分分界线，在这种情况下，整个《新产品导入方式选择模型》将具有使用价值。
英文摘要：	Due to the various demands of customers and the intense competitions between enterprises, a company cannot master the market by one kind of product. Therefore, companies need to convert new product ideas to products and transfer the idea to manufacturer centre for mass production. This process is called new products importing. For many reasons, a number of multinational corporations transfer their manufacturer base to China. Moreover, with the fast development of domestic manufacturer enterprises, China is labeled the manufacturer centre of the world. China information industries sales 5600 billions 2007, also the industry scale is top of the world, it shows China have an advantage at China manufacture. To the electronic manufacturer, they should do well on R&D、improvement and introduction new product, at the same time, improve the product quantity、technology, then improve core competence. And the new product introduction is one of the core phase of the new product development, especially to many Chinese manufacturer, new product introduction is most important. The reason is the competence globally, Chinese company R&D ability is weak, most of they have to do more work of new product introduction as manufacturing center of world, this work also important that impact the new product develop speed, that is new product development cycle, and then impact the improving of the company competitive. On the other hand, project management, as a management approach which is getting more popularity, plays an important role in the development of IT projects and the researching of new products. Meanwhile, in addition to being used for scientific and effective management, the project management is also applied to the new product introduction by many leading companies, which is considered the most effective method for managing the development of new products as well as new product introduction. However, the fact is lots of enterprises make use of project management for new product introduction regardless of the characteristics of products and the characteristics of themselves. Consequently, it leads to a lot of problems which could cause the imperfect procedure of new products introduction, delay of marketing and quality problems for new products which finally results in the customers' dissatisfactions, degradation of enterprises brands and decline of competitiveness. Some research data show that Chinese company may have some problems in their new product introduction process: the product can’t meet customers requirement in the market; don’t design or introduce new product to meet customers’ requirement; many times rework in the introduction process, and redesign the new product after introduction; without timely introduction plan, the new product introduction cycle is slow compare to the transnational Corporations and new technology. Due to above problems, some outstanding national enterprises fails when they competitive to transnational corporations. Even though, with limited resources, Chinese companies insist in paying more for R&D and new product introduction. It is proud of that pay so much, but it is time that Chinese companies should research more about the new product introduction way, because only with the right way the new product introduces can success. So how to help company choice the right way to do new product introduction is meaningful, and is one of the most important research of the current world. After know the current Chinese electronic manufacturing industry situation, it can be found that different have different situation, including below points: 1, large different in Corporation Culture;2, different corporation sizes;3, different product have different complexity in different corporation;4, the distribution of R&D center, manufacturing centre and supplier are different and so on. In short, different corporation have a lot of difference. Base on thinking about the company and product characteristics, different company can choice the right new product introduction way. At the same time, new product introduction have the same characteristics as project management. With the project management ideas and ways, can management the new product introduction totally, through the overall coordination and management, enhance communication, clear lines of responsibility and effective control of the entire project time, cost, quality and risk, develope the marketable product. This study used a variety of research methods, including: combing the literature, interview method, case studies method and so on. Follow the case study method, choose 3 case company which can useful verify the propositions and , verify the model is right. Firstly the case study set up two new product introduction way base on new product develop, new product introduction and project management theories. The two project management’s new product introduction models are static way and dynamic way. Base on the current theories, analyzing all the company’s factors that will impact the new product introduction, help the company to choice the right way from the two ways. In this thesis, the results model can guide Chinese company launch new product introduction work smoothly and then make this work become their core competence. But the result in this thesis need be deeply research continually, can only provide the direction to do new product introduction but give an exactly way. With many interviews and research data from successful companies, can provide the score line in this model. When get the score line, the will be more useful.
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