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论文编号：	8266
作者编号：	2120132965
上传时间：	2016/6/6 10:14:25
中文题目：	BIM信息技术在ZJYW公司施工项目管理中的应用研究
英文题目：	Research on BIM Technology Application in Construction project Management of China Construction First group the Fifth Construction co.ltd
指导老师：	戚安邦
中文关键字：	中建一局五公司;施工管理;建筑信息技术
英文关键字：	ZJYW（China Construction First Group The Fifth Construction CO.LTD）;construction management;BIM information technology
中文摘要：	建筑业作为我国国民经济的支柱产业之一，在很大程度上对国家GDP及经济增长起着至关重要的推动作用。近十几年，国家大力发展基础设施工程建设，建筑业处于飞速发展的黄金期，蓬勃发展的态势，掩盖了工程项目简单粗放型管理模式的弊端。而2011年以来，国家面临经济结构调整和转型，宏观经济形式严峻，建筑行业粗放型发展模式难以维系。建筑业的竞争越来越激烈，低价中标使企业利润空间不断压缩，同时材料、人工费等直接造价却逐年上涨，建筑企业利润空间降低，破解这种困境的唯一途径就是加强对建筑工程施工过程的现代化、科学的管理，向管理要效益。这就要求在管理过程中改变简单、粗放的管理方式，引入现代信息管理技术，为企业管理、施工管理、工程造价等工程活动提供一种新的管理思路，提高管理的效率，有效的控制工程进度、降低管理成本，为企业良性发展注入新鲜活力，使企业在残酷的市场竞争中谋求主动权，谋求新的发展空间。 BIM（Building Information Modeling）信息技术起源于20世纪70年代，在建筑工程项目各项相关信息数据基础上，建立建筑、结构及各种专业模型，是数字技术在建筑施工中的直接表达，在业主、设计、施工方及相关业务单位间施行资源、信息、数据共享，BIM技术强调不同单位、部门间的协同合作，从而在建筑业全生命周期为不同利益方创造价值。BIM技术内涵及特征概括起来就是“一个平台、多种模型、数据共享、全程管控”。在施工建造过程中采用BIM管理技术，能够树立良好的企业品牌形象，施工过程中防控于未然，减少返工和浪费，加强现场管理，提升项目各方协同作业效率。BIM技术必将引发建筑施工领域的又一次革命，推动建筑业转型升级。 BIM（建筑信息模型）技术应用始于美国，美国也是目前国际上具有比较完整BIM实施标准的国家，在美国，74%的承包商在使用BIM技术，应用BIM技术的建筑工程项目数量已超过采用传统方式的项目数量。现在日本、韩国、香港及欧洲也在大力推行BIM应用，特别是日本，BIM应用已推广至全国范围。我国的BIM技术引进始于2003年，受制于国内各种客观因素，目前，我国BIM应用还处于探索的初始阶段，其实际应用仅限于大型房地产开发企业、设计单位和大型建筑承包商。在公司及集团提出引入、学习BIM管理技术的背景下，ZJYW公司自2012年12月份开始进行BIM软硬件的配置、人员的选拔培训、BIM领导小组及成员的组建，采取“三全”模式，即在企业全部门组织、全部人员、全部流程中全面推进BIM应用。这种模式使人员快速掌握BIM应用技术，短时间内对公司信息技术应用水平大幅提升，形成企业新的核心竞争力。但这种大范围铺开的方式，对原有组织形式冲击最大。而对信息和业务流程的改造，是BIM产生作用力的重要要素。现在ZJYW公司绝大部分应用BIM进行管理的项目，还是传统业务流程占主导，BIM业务流程作为辅助和补充手段。在人员培训方面，ZJYW公司分三个层次步骤对公司所有员工都进行了BIM的普及和初步技能的培训。但培训课程局限于Autodesk公司Revit软件和动画生成软件Navisworks，其他软件（如钢结构建模软件tekla structures、效能分析软件PKPM、可视化软件3Dmax、VR等）均未列入培训计划，BIM技能停留在搭建建筑及结构模型阶段。尚未建设企业BIM资源库，这也是制约ZJYW公司BIM应用的因素之一。与此同时ZJYW公司开始在所有在施项目中选择建筑设计形式和工程规模适宜的工程，开展BIM应用试点，摸索BIM在工程实施管理过程中的技术应用。2012年广联达信息大厦项目首次引入BIM管理技术，运用项目参建各方的集成管理平台，共享BIM信息资源，参建各方通过平台提取、更新和修改信息，实现在施工进度、工程造价、材料采购和现场管理四个方面的协同作业。利用BIM软件创建建筑、结构及各专业信息模型，进行结构安全计算、施工规划、物理性能分析、深化设计、预算和统计等应用。实行信息化精细管理，以BIM技术为手段优化管理模式、推动项目管理创新，提高企业核心竞争力。四年来，ZJYW公司在BIM技术建设过程中，进行了大量有益的探索，也取得了一定的BIM实践成果。但面对集团及公司承接“高大精尖”工程的经营目标，现有BIM技术应用水平距离为施工创效，提升公司整体管理水平的目标，还面临很多的困难。BIM技术与公司发展要求不匹配，已经影响到公司进一步拓宽市场，巩固现有市场份额。BIM组织结构调整、BIM业务流程再造、团队建设、培训教育、应用创新、平台和资源库建设、BIM企业标准制定七大方面都有待改进。本论文以项目管理及施工项目管理理论为基础，通过对ZJYW公司BIM技术应用情况的研究和分析，主要研究内容包括：研究BIM在ZJYW公司项目组织管理、进度管理、安全管理、质量管理和物资供应链管理中的应用情况，发现并总结BIM实施的成功经验和建设应用过程中面临的困难和不足，对后续推广应用进行有益的思考，提出改进建议。也希望能对建筑行业施工企业BIM技术应用建设提供一定的参考借鉴作用。 关键词：中建一局五公司；施工管理；建筑信息技术
英文摘要：	As one of the pillar industry in our national economy, Largely, construction serves as significant driving force to Chinese GDP and economic growth. In recent years, our government promotes the construction of infrastructure projects, construction business is witnessing a rapid development, The vigorous development covered up the shortcomings of the simple and extensive management mode. But since 2011,Our Country faces economic adjustment and transformation, under the serious macro-economic situation, extensive development model of the construction industry is difficult to maintain. competition in the construction market is becoming fiercely. low price for bidding Make enterprise profit margins continue to compress. At the same time, the prime cost, like materials and labour cost rises year after year. that reduced profit space of Construction enterprises. The only way to resolve the Dilemma is going to Strengthen the modern scientific management of the construction process, obtain benefit from the management. That demand us to change the Simple and extensive management mode and import modern information management technology, which can provide a new management mentality for business management, construction practice and project cost, improve the efficiency of management, effective control of work progress, diminish the cost of management, Inject fresh vitality for the healthy development of enterprises, Seek the initiative for construction enterprises in the cruel marketing competition. The technology of BIM（Building Information Modeling）originated in the 1970s, we can set up different models including architecture model, structure model and variety of professional models, On the basis of information data of construction project. BIM is direct expression of digital technique in construction, provide a sharing platform of Resource, information and data between business entrepreneur, design companies, construction companies and other Relevant business companies, the technology of BIM emphasizes cooperation between different companies and different departments, thus to create value for different stakeholders during building delivery life cycle. In summary, the content and characters of BIM technology is “ one platform, various models, data share, overall control.” Using BIM management technology in the construction process can establish a good corporate brand image，prevent and control to reduce waste and rework, strengthen the construction management, improve the efficiency of the parties to work together.BIM technology will lead to a revolution of construction, and promote the transformation of the construction industry. The application of BIM technology began in the United States, Now the United States is also the country that has complete BIM implementation standards in the world. In the United States, 74% of contractors is using BIM technology, the number of construction project using BIM exceeds that using traditional way. Now Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong and European are also vigorously promoting BIM application. especially Japan, the application of Bim is already extended to the nationwide. Our country brought in BIM technology in 2003, be enslaved to objective factor, BIM application in our country still in the primary stages, practical use is limited to large real estate agency, design companies and construction companies. In the background of leading and studying Bim management technique in our company and group, In 2012,China Construction First Group The Fifth Construction CO.LTD started to deploy software and hardware, staff selected and trained, form a leading team , adopt "three full" model to Boost the application of Bim in sector-wide, entire membership and all procedures. This model can teach employees to grasp Bim applied technology, can increase the Application level of information technology significantly in a short time, and then form the core competitiveness of enterprises. But This way of spreading out in a wide range will take the greatest impact on the original form of organization. Transformation of information and business processes is also the important factor promoting BIM to play a role. At present, almost projects that use BIM technique to manage are still Traditional business processes dominated, Bim processes are auxiliary and supplementary means. In staff training, ZJYW company trained all employees to have basic skills by three steps. But the training courses confine to Revit and Navisworks, other software, like Tekla structures, PKPM, 3Dmax,VR, is not included in the training program, staff can only build architectural models and Structure models. Enterprise resource pool has not been established, that is one of factors Restricting the Application of Bim in ZJYW company. At the same time, ZJYW company starts to select project from all the under-construction projects, which is suitable for apply Bim management technique both in architectural design and engineering scale, in order to find out experience in Bim application. In 2012, the project of Information building of Glodon Software Company Limited introduced BIM management technology for the first time. It shared the information and resources by Integrated management platform, all the parties can extract, update, modify the information, thus to realize cooperation among construction progress, engineering cost, materials procurement and on-site management. Creat architecture model, structure model and variety of professional models by Bim, then calculate structural safety, make construction plan, analys Physical property, detailed design, budget and statistics. Implementing the Refined Management of information technology, optimum management model by Bim technology, promote project management innovation, Improve the core competitiveness of enterprises. During the past four years,China Construction First Group The Fifth Construction CO.LTD makes a lot of Application practice about BIM management technology,obtained Certain achievement.But there are still a lot of difficulties to achieve the ultimate goal,that to enhance the management level,to create more benefits. Bim technique doesn't match with the company development, which has already affected company to broad the market and solidify recent market share. It can be improved in the following seven aspects,including BIM organizational structure adjustment,BIM business process redesign,team building,training and education,application innovation,Platform and resource base construction,BIM enterprise standard setting,etc. Based on the theory of project management and construction project management, Through the research and analysis of the BIM application of China Construction First Group The Fifth Construction CO.LTD, The main research contents include the application in Project organization and management, Project Schedule Management, security management and supply chain management. Find the successful experience of BIM management technology and the difficulties faced in the construction and application process, reflect how to help the follow up application, give some suggestions. Also hope to provide some reference for the construction enterprise in BIM technology application construction. Key words：ZJYW(China Construction First Group The Fifth Construction CO.LTD) construction management BIM information technology
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