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论文编号：	8212
作者编号：	2120142912
上传时间：	2016/6/3 8:45:03
中文题目：	我国民营企业融资租赁信用风险分析与防控研究
英文题目：	On Credit Risk Control of Private Enterprise in Financial Leasing Transaction
指导老师：	李亚
中文关键字：	民营企业、融资租赁、信用风险
英文关键字：	private enterprise,finance leasing,credit risks
中文摘要：	自2014年以来，融资租赁行业在我国得到了迅速的发展。这主要是得益与国家和地方政府纷纷出台了有利于融资租赁发展的政策，同时相关法律法规和财税制度的完善也为融资租赁业的发展提供了有利环境。纵观融资租赁业在中国30年来的曲折发展历史，承租人的信用风险无疑对行业的发展有着至关重要的作用。我国中小微企业绝大部分为民营企业，民营企业的运行和信用管理又有其自身的特点，因此，如何评估和防控民营企业在融资租赁交易中的信用风险是一个迫切需要解决的问题。 国内学者对民营企业融资难问题以及民营企业信用风险问题已经做了不少研究，然而针对民营企业的信用特点结合融资租赁交易模式，来讨论和解决民营企业融资难问题的研究却很少。相较常规的银行信贷融资，虽然融资租赁的交易模式有着明显的优势，且融资租赁公司能够通过对租赁物所有权的控制来更好地对抗民营企业的信用风险，但是由于融资租赁交易在具体操作上的复杂性，存在较多信用风险诱发因素。融资租赁在中国的发展势头很好，但是目前融资租赁公司更多的倾向服务于信用风险较低的国有企业和外资企业，这与国家引导融资租赁企业服务民营中小微、发挥融资租赁优势的方向相背离，融资租赁公司正向着“准银行”的方向发展。纠其根本原因还是融资租赁公司的信用风险防控能力低下和民营企业信用缺失。如果能够解决民营中小企业在融资租赁交易中的信用风险防控问题，势必将大大促进中国融资租赁行业和民营企业之间的合作，实现发展的双赢。 本文以风险分析为切入点，对融资租赁的交易风险和民营企业的信用风险的特点和控制进行了多维度的分析，旨在尝试为民营企业的融资租赁信用风险防控提出几点措施和建议。首先从融资租赁交易模式的特点和经济学解释出发，说明了融资租赁的风险的复杂性根源，然后对基于出租人角度的融资租赁的风险做了阐述，结合民营企业作为融资租赁交易中的承租人和供货商的信用风险特点，来探究民营企业融资租赁信用风险的成因。在后半部分通过分析具有代表性的信用风险模型的优缺点，阐明这些信用风险计量模型对民营企业信用风险测控的局限性，从而构思了针对民营企业在融资租赁信用风险中的“立体动态指标体系”，这为后面民营企业在融资租赁交易中的信用风险防控措施打下基础。在融资租赁信用风险防控章节中，首先提出如何通过细化常规信用管理办法提高融资租赁公司对信用风险的防控能力，然后分析了操作风险往往是信用风险发生的直接诱导因素，提出必须加强操作风险防控的具体措施。在本文第五章，结合我国民营企业信用体系现状，提出了在融资租赁物登记、法律法规以及民营中小企业信用体系建设方面如何为民营企业融资租赁信用风险防控提供更好的支持和保障的政策建议。
英文摘要：	Since the year of 2014, financial leasing industry in China has gained rapid development, an achievement attributable to favorable policies introduced by the central government and local governments and improvement of laws and regulations and tax system in connection with financial leasing industry. Under such a favorable environment and considering the vigorous development of the industry in western countries, financial leasing in China has quite broad prospect. Over 30 years of development in China, the ups and downs of financial leasing industry tell us that the lessee's credit risk is a significant underlying factor for the stable and health growth of the industry. The majority of our small and medium-sized enterprises are belong to the private sector which has unique operation and credit and risk management characteristics. Therefore, how to assess and control the credit risk of private enterprises in the financial leasing transaction has become an urgent issue to be addressed. Domestic scholars have conducted a lot of research on the financing difficulty of private enterprises and private enterprises credit risk. However, it is seldom to see studies, from the perspective of financial leasing, on solutions to the financing difficulty of private enterprises. In spite of financial leasing has obvious advantage in business mode over conventional bank credit financing, and financial leasing companies can better handle the credit risk of private enterprises through control of ownership of the leased property, the complexity of financial leasing transactions may generate many uncertainty and risks. Financial leasing has quite strong development momentum in China, but financial leasing companies are more willing to provide service to state-owned enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises as they have lower credit risks compared with private SMEs, following a road towards semi-banks instead of the nation’s proposal that financial leasing should serve for SMEs. The root cause of the phenomenon mentioned above is low credit risk control and prevention capability at the side of financial leasing company and lack of credit at the side of private enterprise. If we can solve the problem of credit risk prevention and control of private SMEs in financial leasing transactions, it will definitely greatly promote the cooperation between China's financial leasing industry and private enterprise sector. Taking risk analysis as a starting point, the thesis conducts comprehensive analysis on the characteristics and control of credit risk of financial leasing transaction and credit risk of private enterprises, trying to put forward suggestions and feasible measures for credit risk prevention and control of private enterprises in financing leasing transactions. In Chapter II, the complexity of risks of financial leasing transaction is explained from the aspect of characteristics of transaction model of financial lease and its economic interpretation. In Chapter III, the author firstly from the view of the lessor describes in detail financial leasing risks, then discusses reasons of credit risk of private enterprises in financial leasing transaction, and finally analyzes advantages and disadvantages of typical credit risk measurement modes, points out their limits in measuring and controlling private enterprises’ credit risks. A Dimensional Dynamic Index System is outlined for private enterprises’ credit risk control in financial leasing dealings in this chapter, which will be described in the following chapter. In Chapter IV, Elaborates on how to refine regular credit risk management system so as to enhance financial leasing company’s credit risk prevent and control strength and proposes specific measures to enhance risk control. Chapter V outlines the nation’s private enterprise credit system status quo and makes suggestions on financial leasing equipment registration, law and rules and regulation improvement and SME credit system establishment so as to better support and enhance private enterprises’ credit risk control in financial leasing transactions.
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