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论文编号：	8046
作者编号：	2120132919
上传时间：	2015/12/10 20:05:37
中文题目：	老年患者健康信息行为研究
英文题目：	Research on Health Information Behavior of the Elderly Patient
指导老师：	王知津
中文关键字：	健康素养；健康信息行为；老龄化
英文关键字：	health literacy; health information behavior; Aging
中文摘要：	21世纪是全球老龄化的世纪。我国是老龄化进程最快，人口最多的国家。与西方发达国家相比，我国社会老龄化具有未富先老、未备先老的双重挑战。世界卫生组织在20世纪90年代末预言信息是通往健康的必由之路，为解决公众健康问题，随后健康信息学渐渐兴起。在此背景之下，本研究试图从健康信息视角研究老年患者健康信息行为特点及其影响因素，为提高老年人健康素养，解决社会老龄化问题构建养老服务体系提供依据。 本研究主要采用问卷调查法，在天津市随机抽取4家三甲医院进行调研，收回有效问卷298份。利用SPSS统计分析软件，进行独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析和线性回归分析，得到如下主要发现： 1. 老年患者科学健康观认知不全面，忽略了社会生活环境对健康的影响，但对社会环境的需要较强烈。健康需求、收入和文化程度与健康信息关注意识正相关，年龄负相关。 2. 老年患者健康信息需求强烈，但缺少有效获取途径和渠道。性别、收入和文化程度对其无显著性差异，年龄较大的老年患者具有相对较强的健康信息需求动机，老年患者倾向于与他人同住，对社会环境支持有强烈的需求。 3. 老年患者健康信息获取途径主要电视、广播和人际咨询等方式，最希望的方式是咨询临床医生，解决健康问题首选办法是直接去医院。男性对健康信息获取能力较强；年龄和健康状况与健康信息获取能力呈负相关，收入和文化程度与其呈正相关；独居状态，住养老院的调查对象健康信息获取能力最差。 4. 健康信息使用障碍影响因素方面，性别、年龄、健康状态与其无显著性差异，收入、文化程度越高，健康信息利用能力越强；独居和住养老院的老年患者健康信息利用能力较差，伴有慢性疾病的调查对象健康信息利用能力较弱。 5. 老年患者健康信息使用满足评价能力方面，健康需求类信息要求高但满足程度低，相反决策类健康信息需求较弱但满足程度较高；年龄、收入与其呈负相关，文化程度和健康状况与其呈正相关；与子女同住的调查对象对健康信息使用满足能力最强，独居的最差。
英文摘要：	The 21st century is the century of global aging. Our aging process is the fastest in the world. Compared with Western countries, in China the aging society has more problems, such as the old before getting rich and the lack of backup for the old and so on. Concerning about elderly health will be solved the problem comes in aging society. World Health Organization in the late 1990s predicted that health information is the only way to solve public health problems, and health informatics gradually is rising. In this context, the present study attempts to study the characteristics of elderly patients with behavioral health information from the perspective of health information and its influencing factors and provide the basis for improving health literacy of the elderly, to solve the problem of aging society to build old-age service system. This study used questionnaires, selected randomly four top three hospitals in Tianjin to conduct research, and recovered the 298 valid questionnaires. Using SPSS statistical analysis software, independent sample t test, ANOVA and linear regression analysis, the study acquired the following main findings: 1. The concept of cognitive science and health in elderly patients is not comprehensive, ignoring the impact of the social environment on health, but the need for more intense social environment. Health needs, income, and education and health awareness information concerns a positive correlation, a negative correlation of age. 2. The elderly patient health information needs strong, but the lack of effective access to means and channels. Gender, income and education level have no significant difference, the older elderly patients with relatively strong health information needs stronger motivation; elderly patients tend to live with others, and the social environment there is strong demand. 3. The elderly patients’ access to health information are mainly through television, radio and interpersonal counseling and other ways; the most promising approach is to consult a clinician and the preferred way to solve the health problems is directly to the hospital. The man has more ability to obtain the health information; the age and health status and ability to obtain health information was negatively correlated with the ability of getting the health information but income and education level was positively correlated therewith; and the elder who survey solitary state or live in nursing homes have the worst capability to get health information. 4. In the use of health information, gender, age and health status have no significant difference. The income and the education level higher, the use of health information stronger; and the elderly patients living in a nursing home or living alone have poor use of health information; respondents with chronic diseases, health information utilization capability is bad. 5. Elderly patients’ evaluation capacity of health information is high in the health needs information but low satisfaction, by contrary health information of the decision-making is needed weaker but a higher degree of satisfaction; age, income was negatively correlated with the evaluation capacity of health information, their education level and health status was a positive correlation to it; the Elderly patients living with their children to use health information is met strongest, but living alone is the worst.
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