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论文编号：	7996
作者编号：	2120132943
上传时间：	2015/12/9 19:36:07
中文题目：	环境扫描在高职院校高层管理团队中的应用研究——以广东省某文艺类高职院校为例
英文题目：	Environmental Scanning in top management team of the Universities for Occupation Education:Take a literature & art college in Guangdong Province for example
指导老师：	李月琳
中文关键字：	高职管理；高层管理；环境扫描；组织学习
英文关键字：	college management;top management team;environmental scanning;organizational study
中文摘要：	国家政策的变化，社会形势的发展，高职院校在面临众多机遇的同时，也面临着来自其他同类高职院校、本科院校以及企业办学、国际办学等多方面的竞争挑战。同时国家相继出台多项高职教育相关的政策性文件，有人认为高职教育迎来了“一个春天”。在这种更多机遇与挑战并存的情况下，高职院校为求生存、发展，作为其主要运行者的高层管理团队需要认清自己所处的环境状况。为此，在高职院校的高层管理中引入环境扫描的相关工作机制实为必要。笔者通过对高职院校的高层管理工作者进行深度访谈，开展了环境扫描在高职院校高层管理团队中的应用研究。通过调查分析，本研究发现，高职院校的高层管理应该包括以下五方面的含义：1、它是对本高职院校从整体层面进行的管理工作，它决定本高职院校整体的运行、工作方式与内容、资源分配；2、它应该时刻关注上级组织部门的工作安排、与本高职院校相关各项方针政策等方面的信息，并将这些信息及时合理地运用到学院的整体工作中；3、根据本高职院校的专业技术人才培养目标，充分调动、利用学院的内外关系、资源以保障目标的实现；4、在党委的统一领导下，形成政治、行政、学术三权的合理分工与相互制约；5、准确调控，确保人才培养这一主题不变。高职高层管理的执行应该由高职高层管理团队来进行，这个团队负责学校的总体事业发展规划，负责整个学校的协调和组织，并由对该校的经营与管理有着很大决策权与控制权的人员以及核心参谋人员所组成。本研究在调查访谈中发现，高职院校高层管理工作中的环境扫描，是一种组织机制与工作意识的结合。其活动由两部分组成，一是具体组织机构形式存在的专门化扫描团队，另一个是将环境扫描活动融入到其工作中的各高层管理者所组成的非专门化团队。他们各自按照一定的环境扫描模式进行针对组织的环境扫描活动，并将扫描所获得环境信息用于组织决策。同时，这些环境信息会有选择性地用于形成组织环境知识库，用于分层级的组织学习。由于高层管理者所扫描获得环境信息有些可能会涉及到一些过于敏感的内容，不便于显性化，从而形成隐性的环境知识，不像显性环境知识那样，而是高层管理者可以根据自己的判断决定是否将自己的隐形环境知识用于分层级的组织学习。但在进行组织决策时，无论是专门化的团队还是非专门化的团队，都应该将其获得的环境信息使用起来，同时，在组织决策过程中形成的新的环境知识，又可以更新完善该组织以及高层管理者的环境知识，提升他们对组织环境的认知，为新的组织决策提供环境知识。研究中发现环境扫描对高职高层管理的工作总体上具有促进作用；可以对高职高层管理的人力资源管理工作起到很好的促进作用；在高职高层管理中，“人才培养”成为环境扫描工作的应用重点。针对以上发现，本研究构建了基于组织决策的分层级组织学习的环境扫描模型，它由信息处理、分层级组织学习、组织决策三个部分组成一个面向组织生存与发展的循环。基于这个模型，本研究详细分析了在高职院校高层管理中进行环境扫描的实现过程。其具体实现包括环境扫描机制、任务及机构配置、内容、信息源、频率以及信息分析与预测、组织学习与组织决策。本研究的创新之处在于：1.构建了一个针对高职院校高层管理的环境扫描框架，也就是基于组织决策的分层级组织学习环境扫描框架；2.根据高职高层管理者进行决策时对环境信息的考虑程度不同，将环境分为远环境、运行环境、核心环境，并对这些环境的相关信息源进行了定性的比例划分；3.探讨了适合高职院校高层管理的环境扫描实现过程。可以为高职高层管理研究及环境扫描研究提供新的思路，具有一定的理论意义和实践意义。
英文摘要：	Followed by the developments of the state and society,vocational colleges would get more development opportunities as while as more challenges,which come from some other colleges,universities,educations by enterprises and other states. The challenges include not only the students,but also the finance,reputation,public service,employment and so on.Followed the challenges,there come sets of polices on the occupational education one after another,even some scholars believe there comes a spring of the occupational education.In this situation,which filled with different opportunities as while as challenges,in order to survival and development,the colleges especially the top managers are badly need to have a clearly understanding of the environment they are in.Therefor,there is a definite necessary for introducing environmental scanning to the top management of the colleges.The study,which is based on deeply interview to the top managers of a college,is to apply environmental scanning to the top management of the occupational colleges. Colleges practice the system of principal accountability under the leadership of the Party committee,the collegial communist Party is the center leader of the college and giving leading to all work of the college.Therefor,the top management of college should include five levels of meaning:Firstly,it is a management to all the woke of the college,and it decides who to operate the college,how to work and what to work,how to allocate all the resources.Secondly,it should focus on information about the work arrangements and polices on the college from superior departments,and properly apply it to work of the certain college.Thirdly ,according to the purpose of educating professional and technical talents of the certain college,it should completely utilize all the resources and relationships within and outside of the college to achieve the purpose.Fourthly,it should contribute to form a situation of reasonable work division and mutual restriction.Fifthly,it should monitor accurately the development of the college and remain the theme of talents education.The operation of the top management should operated by the top management team(TMT),the TMT program the whole development of the college and control it.The TMT is composed of deciders,controllers and center staffs. The organization theory believes all the organization are effected by the environments which they are in and in them. And only if there is enough information about the environments,can the organization do the right decision.In this way,only if there is a comprehensive and exact environmental information,can the top management work efficiently.Actually,environmental scanning is a right tool for getting the information. Environmental scanning in the top management work of colleges is a combination of organization structural and work ethic.It is composed by 2 parties,one is a contract organizational structural,which is called specialized environmental scanning team,whereas,one another ,which is called non-specialized environmental scanning team,is composed by the top managers,who integrate environmental scanning into their daily work.They scan environment about the organization by their own ways,and involved the environmental information into the organizational decision via organizational study.Meanwhile,the information will be used to build the organizational environmental knowledge database,while can be used for hierarchical organizational study.As some scanned environmental information may be not usual,it will be more suitable to be just as implicit knowledge,but not explicit knowledge. Top managers can decide if it is necessary for contribute this information to the hierarchical organizational study.Nevertheless,both environmental information scanned by the two team should be contributed to the organizational decision and forming new environmental knowledge,which will perfect the environmental knowledge both of organization and top managers. The new knowledge will also contribute to a new organizational decision. In this study,we discovered 3 point:firstly,the environmental scanning have a positive action to almost all the top manage actives;secondly,the environmental scanning have a positive action to the human resource management;thirdly,environmental scanning of the college’s top management is mainly used for talents education,Based on these discovery,the study structured a hierarchical organizational study’s environmental scanning model,which is composed of information handling,hierarchical organizational study and organizational decision. The nature of the model is a circulation incorporated by the survival and development of the organization. Based on the model,the study analyzed the process of the environmental scanning in the college’s top management in detail.The process composed by the mechanism,task,organization,content,information resources,frequencies of the environmental scanning and information analysis and prediction,organization study and organization decision. The innovations of the study can be concluded into 3 points：Firstly,it structured a certain environmental scanning model,which is the hierarchical organizational study model,used for aims at the college’s top management.Secondly,as a different function the different environmental information operated on the decisions made by top managers,the study divides the environment into far environment,operation environment,central environment. The study also qualitatively distinguish the information into different ratios.Thirdly,the study discusses a usable operation of the environmental scanning in the college’s top management. The discussion will introduce a new way for both study of top management in college and study of environmental scanning. This study has its own theoretical importance and practical significance.
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