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| 论文编号: | 797 | |
| 作者编号: | 2220060633 | |
| 上传时间: | 2008/6/24 22:54:26 | |
| 中文题目: | ZYJY公司基于平衡计分卡的绩效管 | |
| 英文题目: | Research of The Performance Ma | |
| 指导老师: | 张晓农 副教授 | |
| 中文关键字: | 平衡计分卡 关键绩效指标 绩效 | |
| 英文关键字: | Balanced Scorecard (BSC) Key | |
| 中文摘要: | 伴随着我国社会主义市场经济的飞速发展并与国际接轨,我国现代企业制度也正在逐步完善过程中。我国的国有大型企业大多处于关系国计民生的关键行业和领域,掌握并经营着国家赋予的巨大经济资源,经济全球化和世界范围内的竞争要求我国国有企业必须加强自身建设以应对各种复杂多变的世界经济形势。而我国国有企业管理的现状并不乐观,很多企业因管理水平的滞后在激烈的市场竞争中被淘汰。在严峻的形势下,国有企业大多缺乏系统的绩效管理体系这一薄弱环节也越来越多地被人们所认识,传统的绩效考核显然已不能适应企业和社会发展的需要,所以,国有企业建立适应企业发展需要的绩效管理体系就成了一个我们必须重新考虑的课题。 本文介绍了基于平衡计分卡的绩效管理思想,并以我国国有航运企业ZYJY公司建立绩效管理体系问题为研究对象,介绍了绩效管理的流程与方法,结合定性与定量分析提出了企业建立绩效管理体系的设计思路与建议。 本文在研究中,总体上按照发现问题、分析问题、解决问题的一般方法,通过分析现实状况与管理理论的差距,进而对绩效管理体系进行研究和设计。本文运用文献法,通过收集相关文献,进行对比、归纳和整理,借鉴其理论精华,为论文的撰写提供理论支撑;同时,通过初步测试对绩效管理体系的可行性进行了验证。设计过程中采用了平衡计分卡法、关键绩效指标分析法,分析企业特点和战略目标,结合业务流程和职责设定关键绩效指标,并运用层次分析法赋予相应的权重,形成考核指标体系。 本文首先对绩效管理的相关理论进行了系统回顾,阐明了绩效管理的定义、特点及其重要性,并将绩效管理与绩效评估做了比较,分析其区别和联系,并进一步说明了绩效管理的理论架构,对关键绩效指标和平衡记分卡的相关理论做了重点回顾和总结,为本文后半部分的绩效管理体系设计打下基础。 随后,本文对所研究的ZYJY公司的基本情况进行了介绍,并对公司绩效管理现状进行深入分析,找出公司在绩效管理中存在的问题,问题包括:绩效指标难以体现公司的整体战略目标,绩效考核缺乏权威部门,绩效考核指标缺乏客观、独立的数据来源,部门间的绩效考核存在利益冲突,公司、部门绩效与员工绩效管理存在脱节,员工绩效评价结果难以保持客观公正,依赖定期的、既成的绩效评估而忽略了对工作过程的控制和督导等七个方面。通过针对以上问题的分析,说明公司实施绩效管理的必要性和重要性。 本文重点部分为ZYJY公司绩效管理体系设计,文中结合航运公司的业务特点,以企业整体战略目标“实现优异运作以降低运营成本,使现有运输服务的价格具备市场竞争力,并实施服务领先战略”为统领,对部门战略目标的设定、绩效考评的流程进行系统分析和优化,论述其采用平衡记分卡及关键绩效指标等评测方法的可行性,并对其经营管理重点环节进行分析,提炼其中的关键绩效管理要素,经过调查和筛选,本文共确定了平衡计分卡四个维度的关键绩效指标17个,这些指标既能够有代表性的反映企业经营管理状况,又具有行业特色,易于理解,便于采集和计算。其后,本文利用层次分析法,根据重要性确定了每个关键绩效指标在指标体系中的权重,较为系统地建立了绩效管理的关键指标体系。 绩效管理体系设计完成后,为了保障其顺利实施,本文建立了绩效管理实施模型,对绩效管理的计划、实施、结果反馈、结果应用等一系列过程的实施进行研究,明确绩效管理体系实施的负责机构为绩效管理委员会,对绩效辅导、数据采集、阶段性评估、绩效计划改进与调整、年度绩效考核等实施要点进行细化使之具有可操作性,建立绩效结果反馈及应用机制,使绩效管理的过程形成闭环,避免以前绩效考核方法的弊端。 通过以上ZYJY公司基于平衡计分卡的绩效管理体系设计,本文的研究实现了绩效管理与战略管理有机结合,建立了ZYJY公司以战略为导向的绩效管理体系模型。它包括绩效目标的确立、绩效管理流程、关键绩效指标体系建立、绩效管理实施保障体系四个部分,其中绩效目标体系是核心,绩效管理流程是关键,关键绩效指标体系是标准,绩效管理实施体系是保障。特别是在绩效管理体系的设计过程中,借助平衡计分卡的方法设计了ZYJY公司关键绩效指标体系模型,将公司的战略目标分解并形成关键绩效指标,构成了公司关键绩效指标体系。 根据在公司小范围的测试及征求意见,不同级别的管理人员和员工对该体系的绩效管理过程及结果表示较为满意。该绩效管理体系比以往绩效考核体系的优点在于在其设计过程中从公司战略目标出发,在应用中以公司战略目标为中心,避免了传统考核体制分散且形式化的弊端,一切以战略目标为导向,考核指标明确,权责分明,并注重考核结果的反馈与沟通,从而实现更加有效的管理控制和激励。 结果证明,基于平衡计分卡的绩效管理体系能促使绩效管理与战略管理的有机结合,为企业实施有效的绩效管理提供了思路和指导方法。 | |
| 英文摘要: | With the development of market economy and the improvement of modern enterprise system, the economic globalization and the worldwide competition demand our state-owned enterprises must enhance self-construction so as to deal with the complicated and changeful world economy. The situation is serious under the marketing competition. There is a lack of systematical performance management in a majority of state-owned enterprises, which is an unsubstantial part of the enterprise management known by more and more people. It is obvious that the traditional performance appraisal cannot meet with the requirements of the developments of the enterprises and the society. So it is necessary for us to reconsider the building of performance management system in state-owned enterprises. This paper studies on the building of performance management system based on BSC in a state-owned ocean shipping enterprise-ZYJY .It shows the procedure,and approaches of the BSC based performance management system, points out guidelines and suggestions for enterprise. In the research, this paper follows the general rule of “find problems, analyze them and then resolve them”. It builds up the performance management system by analyzing the differences between the condition of the present time and academic theories. The paper collects literatures to support the research, uses the BSC and AHP to build up the KPI system . At first, this paper reviews the theory of performance management; expatiate on its definition, characteristics and importance. Then, the paper compares performance management with performance evaluation to explain the structure of the performance management. It also focus on the KPI and BSC theory to help the building of performance management system. Then, it introduces the basic information of company ZYJY, studies on the present performance management condition, finds the problems in the management, such as some performance indicators having no correlation with the strategic target, conflict of performance indicators between departments and etc. So it’s necessary and important to put a new performance management system in practice. The most important part of this paper is the design of the performance management system for ZYJY. The paper combines the characteristics of ocean shipping company and its strategic target to fix on the target of department and the flow of the performance evaluation. After filtration, 17 KPI are chosen, they are characteristic and easy to calculate. The inverse proportion of KPI is fixed by their importance with AHP and the KPI system is built up. This paper also designs a implementary model to ensure the implementer of the performance management system above, with the research of the management flow. The performance management committee will in charge of performance management instead of a single department like human resource department. The key points of the implementer are exercisable and the process of management is orbicular. The research of this paper combines the performance management and the strategic management, builds a tactic-oriented performance management system model. Especially, a KPI system model is designed based on BSC. After a test in a limited area of the company, employees at different level are satisfied with the system. It’s better than ever before because every step is tactic-oriented. It’s effective in management control and inspiritment. The result proves that a performance management system based on BSC will combine the performance management and strategic management; it also provides a method to the company which is going to implement effective performance management. | |
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