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论文编号：	7951
作者编号：	2120123112
上传时间：	2015/12/8 22:11:26
中文题目：	公共图书馆地方文献建设研究——以宁夏回族婚俗的口述历史文献为例
英文题目：	Research on Construction of Public Library''s Local Literature - Take Ningxia Hui Nationality Marriage Customs of Oral History Literature for example
指导老师：	柯平
中文关键字：	图书馆；口述历史；地方文献；宁夏回族婚俗
英文关键字：	Library; Oral history; Local literature; Marriage Customs of Ningxia Hui People
中文摘要：	随着我国经济的不断发展和社会的进步，我国的文化事业也得到了极大的推动。口述历史作为一种新兴的史学研究方式，最初起源于十九世纪中期的美国，而今也在我国得到了一定的推广和发展。图书馆作为人类知识的聚集地和传承地，其最主要的作用保存人类文化遗产、开发信息资源、参与社会教育。图书馆中的资料不仅仅包括科学技术的传承，也包括传统文化的传承，因此采用多种形式的平台来丰富并展现这些地方文化与资源成为图书馆发展的关键。目前我国各个城市设置了相当多的图书馆，随着社会经济和文化的发展，也随着人们对历史文化的重视，图书馆的潜在发展空间还很大，图书馆的资源与服务功能也应该更加完善和全面。而口述历史和相应产生的口述历史文献就为图书馆服务和馆藏的延伸提供了一个新的途径。在此背景下，如何更好地借鉴西方发达国家的口述历史实践研究经验，加强实际运用，整理优秀的口述历史建设经验并将其引入到国内图书馆的实务中来，同时运用各种形式为读者提供个性化的口述资料体验，充分发挥的图书馆的公共文化服务功能，是值得我们讨论的课题。 本文主要从以下几个方面来进行研究。第一部分为引言，针对本文的研究背景、研究意义、研究内容、研究方法、研究难点及创新点进行介绍。文章主要运用网络调研法调查了国内外公共图书馆口述历史的开展情况，运用了访谈法对宁夏海原县一场回族婚礼相关人员进行了采访和信息采集，运用了案例分析法分析了国外图书馆、香港地区图书馆开展口述历史的情况及优点，同时以笔者所在宁夏图书馆开展的回族婚俗口述历史文献研究为个案，提出图书馆口述历史文献建设的模式和可开展的读者服务形式。第二部分为口述历史相关研究概述，主要通过对中国知网收录的口述历史和地方文献相关研究论文进行了分析，发现我国图书馆口述历史相关研究甚少，图书馆与口述历史结合的研究基本开始于2005年，并且多以描述性文章为主。第三部分为图书馆开展口述历史的必要性和可行性，包括口述历史的定义和特性，以及图书馆开展口述历史的必要性和可行性。第四部分为国内外图书馆口述历史现状。主要调研了国内外公共图书馆及香港地区图书馆开展口述历史的情况，并对国外图书馆口述历史的特点及案例进行了分析，发现我国图书馆的口述历史工作与国外及香港都存在一定差距。第五部分为案例研究，本文先从宁夏图书馆地方文献的馆藏结构、收集方式、提供的服务及开展地方文献工作遇到的困难这四个方面分析了宁夏图书馆地方文献建设现状，然后以宁夏回族婚俗口述历史作为研究案例，阐述了宁夏回族婚俗口述历史开展流程、采访的详细过程，并对图书馆口述历史研究方法与模式进行总结分析，从口述原始材料的保存、地方特色专题库的建设、3D动画的制作及举办展览四个方面提出宁夏图书馆口述历史文献的服务措施。最后一部分为本文的结论。公共图书馆开展口述历史工作是收集历史信息的一个有效和重要渠道，保存口述历史文献，建立更完善的口述历史文献资源体系具有非常重要的意义。对宁夏回族婚俗的口述历史这个选题的确定首先是因为它具有浓郁的宁夏地方特色，宁夏是全国唯一的回族自治区，而文章所采访的婚礼举办地--宁夏海原县回族比重达到70%以上，且宁夏海原县的回族婚俗被列为区级非物质文化遗产，因此具有一定的代表性。回族婚俗的采访对象是普通的民众，而不是口述历史一贯集中的精英阶层，一方面说明口述历史可涉及的范围很广，一方面这样的口述历史文献对图书馆地方文献也是具有重要意义的。口述历史在国内的各个领域都有所应用，现在许多的电视节目都以口述历史为着眼点，吸引观众的眼球，电视节目中的口述历史大多以揭秘的形式揭开历史的真相和迷雾，一般选题以历史谜团和内幕为侧重点。图书馆开展口述历史的研究与之最大的区别就是图书馆以记录真实的地方特色为目的，即便是普通民众的风俗习惯，从而丰富地方文献馆藏结构、传承地方文化并将其以不同的载体形式进行储存、开发及利用。对于本文的不足之处，本文虽然对公共图书馆口述历史的开展做了一定的研究，但要把口述历史工作完全研究分析深透，对于笔者来说，还需要一个努力的过程。以后需要在定量分析方面做进一步的深入调查和研究。同时由于作者不能逐一到各地对图书馆的口述历史现状进行调查，从而通过网络调查法对国内外图书馆口述历史的现状进行了调查，因此对具体细节的了解不够详细，且存在一定的误差。虽然说自2005年之后口述历史的研究者和口述历史资料收集的数量不断增多，但这并不能说明我国的口述历史研究取得了真正的进步与成功。如今口述历史研究在全国各领域都非常流行，大量冠以“口述历史”名目的出版物或者音像制品得到出版和发行。但是并不是所有通过实地调查和人物采访等研究方式所形成的报告或者文字记录就属于“口述历史”。虽然口述历史受到社会的广泛关注是一件好事，但是这也为口述史发展的规范化、标准化与持续化留下一定的隐患。产生这种现象的原因在于国内口述史学理论相对滞后，研究模式与方法不够规范，执行过程中存在流于形式的现象。所以在理论和实践方面还需要再进行深入的研究。虽然国外已经有较为成熟的研究成果，但是直接拿国外的研究方法套在我国直接使用，也会存在一定的问题。毕竟我国的情况与国外不同，我国也亟需建立有中国特色的口述史学的研究规范和理论建设。
英文摘要：	With the continuous development of China's economic and social progress, our country's culture also got a boost of career. Oral history, as a new way of historical research, initially originated from foreign countries, and now also got certain promotion and development in China. Being an important place of inheriting culture and knowledge, library’s main function is going to keep human cultural heritage, develop information resources and participate in social education. The collection of library not only includes science and technology information, but also includes the inheritance of traditional culture, thus using a variety of forms to enrich and show the local culture and resource has become the key to library. With the development of social economy and culture, people plays more attention on the history and culture, which requires resources and services of library should also be more complete and comprehensive. Oral history and oral history literature provides a new way to the extension of library service and collections. Therefore, conclusion of the experience of oral history in foreign countries and finding an appropriate way of developing oral history in the library of China are worthy to be discussed. This paper is divided into six parts. The first part is introduction, which includes the research background, research significance, research contents, research methods, research challenge and innovation of this paper. This paper mainly uses the web survey to investigate the present situation of oral history of library at home and abroad, uses interview method to interview a wedding of Hui People at Hai Yuan County of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, uses case analysis method to analyze the situation of oral history of library in Hong Kong and foreign countries, at the same time, with the oral history of marriage customs of Ningxia Hui People as a case, the paper puts forward the model of oral history for public library and available forms of using the literature of oral history. The second part is literature review of oral history, which mainly focus on analysis of oral history and local literature in our country, and find that the combination between library and oral history in related papers began from the year 2005, most of them are not based on the empirical study. The third part is the necessity and feasibility of oral history in public library, including the definition and characteristics of oral history as well as the necessity and feasibility of the library to carry out the oral history. The fourth part focuses on present situation of oral history of library in China and foreign countries, and finds that there exists a certain gap on oral history work between library in China and foreign countries. The fifth part is case study, which firstly introduces the current situation of local literature collection in Ningxia Library from collection structure and collection way of local literature, as well as service and the difficulties in local literature work, and then expounds the processes and details of doing oral history in Ningxia Library based on the oral history of marriage customs of Ningxia Hui People, suggests ways of using oral history literature in Ningxia Library through storage of metadata, construction of local subject database, 3D animation design and exhibition. The last part is conclusion. For public libraries, oral history work is an effective and important channel to collect historical information. It is very important to preserve oral history literature and to establish a more perfect system of oral literature resources. Reasons of choosing the oral history of marriage customs of Ningxia Hui People as this paper’s topic, first because Ningxia is the only Hui Autonomous Region of China, secondly, Haiyuan County, the wedding location, accounts more than 70% of Ningxia Hui People, furthermore, marriage custom in Haiyuan County of Ningxia is listed as intangible cultural heritage of Ningxia. Therefore, it has certain representativeness. The interviewee of marriage customs of the Hui people are ordinary people, rather than the elite, which reveals that oral history have a wide application field, on the other hand, oral history literature of ordinary people are significant for Library's local literature. Oral history has been applied in various fields in our country, and now many TV programs are taking oral history to attract the attention of audience, and most of the oral history in TV programs focuses on explosion of the secret or mystery of history. Therefore, the biggest difference of the study of oral history between library and TV program is that the library records the real local characteristics as the purpose, and thus enriches the local literature collection structure, inherit local culture, store and utilize them through different ways. For the deficiencies of this paper, although this paper carries out some research about the oral history of the public library, but the author still needs to make more efforts to fully analyze and do the research of oral history. Future research should be focused on the quantitative analysis. At the same time, because the author can not go to libraries all over the world to investigate the present situation of the oral history, so the author uses web survey method to investigate the current situation of oral history of library in China and foreign countries, so there may be some errors here. Although it is said that the number of oral history investigators and the collection of historical materials are increasing from 2005, this does not mean that the oral history of our country has made real progress and success. Now oral history research is very popular in all fields of China, a large number of publications or audio-visual products labeled "oral history" names have been published and distributed. But not all of them belong to “oral history”. While it is very glad to see that oral history attracts more and more attention in China, but this also leaves hidden danger for the normalization, standardization and continuity of oral history. The reason of this phenomenon is that the theory of oral history in China is relatively backward, the research model and method are not standardized in the process of implementation, so this needs to improve in future studies. Although there have been lots of mature research results abroad, but there will be some problems to copy them in China directly. So the research specification and theory of the oral history with Chinese characteristics need to be carried out in future study.
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