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论文编号：	7932
作者编号：	2120102610
上传时间：	2015/12/8 20:09:07
中文题目：	中外合资汽车企业不稳定性的原因及对策研究
英文题目：	Reasons and Strategies Analysis for Sino-foreign Joint Venture Automobile Enterprises
指导老师：	张建勇
中文关键字：	中外合资汽车企业；不稳定性；原因；对策
英文关键字：	Sino-foreign joint venture automobile enterprises, Instability, Reason, Strategy
中文摘要：	我国汽车工业的合资是在改革开放的方针指导下，通过实践形成的。我国汽车工业起步较晚，基础薄弱。汽车工业在发展初期，不仅缺产品、缺技术、缺经验，而且也缺资金，特别是在轿车工业的发展上基本空白，而通过合资能够较好解决产品、技术、经验、资金等各种问题，因此，中国汽车工业合资是在当时的历史背景以及客观条件下自然选择的结果。中外合资汽车企业的建立，完善了中国汽车工业体系，促进了中国汽车工业的总体发展，是我国汽车工业的重要组成部分。在国内外环境朝着更加开放、更加公平的趋势发展的情况下，我国中外汽车合资企业面临很大不稳定性，合资模式是否能够维持下去，合资的质量是否能够提升，如何促进中外合资汽车企业可持续发展，是我国汽车产业健康持续发展所必须重视的问题。本文在开放经济环境以及深化利用外资的背景下，就中外合资汽车企业不稳定问题展开研究，主要结论和观点有： 中外合资汽车企业存在的问题。一方面是在汽车工业合资方面国家缺乏整 体战略；另一方面是中方缺乏深化合资的系统性规划；还有外方控制合资企业的主导权问题。改革开放之后，我国汽车工业的合资合作经历了创始阶段、探索阶段、快速扩张阶段和全面发展阶段，中外合资汽车企业也发生了运营终止、股权变更和所有权变更等多种形式的不稳定。 中外合资汽车企业不稳定性主要原因。一方面是在中外双方资源依赖关系 的改变，具体表现为：产业政策的调整，外方提供的产品资源不符合市场需求，中方资源实力不匹配外方需求；另一方面是合资企业内部冲突导致交易成本上升，具体变现为：双方发展战略不一致，中外企业文化冲突，利用合资企业单方谋取利益引起的冲突，合资企业治理结构引起的冲突。 促进中外合资汽车企业可持续发展的对策建议。政府层面：一是在自主品牌企业还未形成竞争力之前，仍需坚持股比政策；二是加强对自主创新和自主品牌的引导和支持。企业层面：一是将自主研发能力作为企业的根本战略，加大技术研发的资金人力投入；二是积极打造合资企业的自主品牌；三是有效整合零部件资源；四是构建系统化学习机制，提升学习能力。
英文摘要：	Under the guidance of Reform and Opening policy, the joint venture of China automobile industry has developed in practice, but a late start still results in the weak foundation. In the early development stage, automobile industry not only lacks the products, technology, but the experience and funds, especially in the car field where the development was nearly blank. Joint venture can provide a better way to solve the problems mentioned above, including the products, technology, experience as well as the funds. Therefore, China's auto industry joint venture, obviously, comes up at the time of the historical background and objective conditions, being a result of “natural selection”. The establishment of Sino-foreign joint venture automobile enterprises (JVAE), improving the system of Chinese auto industry, promoting the overall development of China's automobile industry, is an important component of the automotive industry in China. However, in the case of domestic and international environment towards a more open, more equitable development trend, Sino-foreign JVAE are facing great instability: whether the joint venture is able to continue, whether the quality of joint venture can be improved, or how to promote a sustainable development of Sino-foreign JVAE, all of these problems should be paid enough attention so as to ensure the healthy and sustainable development of auto industry in our country. With an open economic environment and in the foreign capital deeply-used background, this thesis focuses on the instability of Sino-foreign JVAE and draws the conclusions as follow: Problems exist in Sino-foreign JVAE. Firstly, an overall strategy for the joint venture of automotive industry is in short. Secondly, China lacks a systematic plan to deepen the joint venture. Thirdly, the foreign is in charge of the ownership of a joint venture. After the reform and opening up, Chinese automobile industry joint venture cooperation has experienced the founding phase, exploratory stage, rapid expansion and the comprehensive development stage; Sino-foreign JVAE have also experienced operations termination, equity changes, the change of ownership and other forms of instability. The main reasons of Sino-foreign JVAE instability: One is the change of Chinese and foreign resource dependency, such as industrial policy adjustment, foreign products and resources provided not meeting the market demand, and China's resources not matching the strength of foreign demand. The other is transaction costs increase resulting from joint venture internal conflicts, including strategic development inconsistency, Chinese and foreign enterprises cultural conflict, joint ventures unilaterally seeking interest, and governance structure of the joint venture. Suggestions for promoting Sino-foreign JVAE sustainable developments are listed. In terms of the government, it’s better to adhere to equity ratio policy before independent brands develops enough competition. In addition, it’s necessary to strengthen the guidance and support for independent innovation and independent brands. In terms of the enterprises, the first is to formulate the fundamental strategy: independent research and development capabilities (R&D capabilities), and to increase capital and human resources investment for technology development. The second is to actively create the joint venture's own brand. Then they should effectively integrate the components resources. The last is to construct a systematic learning mechanism, so as to enhance learning ability.
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