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论文编号：	7540
作者编号：	1120120811
上传时间：	2015/6/12 8:30:35
中文题目：	面向服务型政府的我国农民工信息需求本体构建研究
英文题目：	Ontology Constructions on the Information Needs of Chinese Migrant Workers in Service Oriented Government
指导老师：	王芳
中文关键字：	服务型政府;政府3.0;我国农民工;信息需求;本体构建
英文关键字：	Service Oriented Government;Government 3.0;Chinese Migrant Workers;Information Needs;Ontology Construction
中文摘要：	社会在不断的发展，政府的服务理念也在不断发生着变化，政府信息服务理念开始由官本位转向民本位。全世界的政府都在力图研究和解决如何培育和建立一个更具民主和法治精神、更具经济、效率和效能，更具开放和包容、更具责任和回应、更加透明和廉洁以及更具有公民服务意识的新型政府模式。20世纪90年代电子政务的产生使政务工作更有效、更精简，为企业和公民提供更好的服务。21世纪初叶，政府以Web 2.0开放互动、以用户为中心的互联网形态为基础，蒂姆?奥莱利（Tim O′Reilly）在web 2.0基础上进一步提出政府2.0这一概念，并将其作为电子政府下一步的发展趋势。2013年6月19日，韩国政府发布了“政府3.0时代”计划，其侧重点在“以每个人为中心”、政府主动公开和共享信息、保障国民的主动参与，同时更加注重沟通与合作。韩国国家信息部（NIA）认为，未来政府将成为使用语义网技术并为民众提供个性化服务的智能政府。“政府3.0”就是在语义网基础上，在政府中提出的一个新的服务理念，借鉴这一互联网领域的新概念将成今后各国建设服务型政府的发展方向。 2002年11月8日中国共产党第十六次全国代表大会报告中强调，解决好农业农村农民问题是全党工作的重中之重，城乡发展一体化是解决“三农”问题的根本途径。2007年10月15日召开的中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会提到“解决好农业、农村、农民问题，事关全面建设小康社会大局，必须始终作为全党工作的重中之重。”2012年11月8日召开中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会，以习近平同志为总书记的新一届党中央高度重视农村工作，再次把“三农”问题摆在全党工作的重要位置。在“三农”问题中，农民工问题是非常重要的一个环节，因此解决农民工问题，了解农民工群体的需求是构建和谐社会的一个重要方面，是实现中国长远发展目标的重要保证。 伴随着我国改革开放和工业化、城市化的进程，大量原来居住在农村的务农人员进城务工，这部分离土离乡的新工人、新市民目前被称为“农民工”，已经逐渐成为一支事关我国经济和社会发展全局的新兴劳动力量。2012年，我国农民工总量占大陆总人口的19.4%，比上年增长了3.9%。国家人口计生委2013年9月10日发布《中国流动人口发展报告2013》指出，2012年我国每六个人中有一个是流动人口。随着农民工与城市的逐步融合，他们的问题也逐渐凸现出来，虽然到城市打工的农民工多数是乡村有识有志的青年，但从整体文化素质上看，农民工的学历普遍偏低。国务院研究室2011年公布的《中国农民工调研报告》数据指出，在农民工中文盲占1.5%，小学文化程度占14.4%，初中文化程度占61.1%，高中文化程度占13.2%，中专及以上文化程度占9.8%。根据中国互联网络信息中心（CNNIC）发布的《第34次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》显示，截至 2014 年 6 月，我国网民规模达 6.32 亿，互联网普及率为 46.9%，其中农村外出务工人员所占比重仅为2.4%。可见，尽管我国所提供的信息服务总体水平在不断增加，但是农民工与其他阶层之间却存在着巨大的数字鸿沟。根据笔者前期对农民工群体的调研发现，当农民工群体需要利用互联网这一现代化的信息获取手段，需要利用搜索引擎来查找自己需要的资讯，需要在政府网站中查找自身权益保障的法律法规时，由于受教育水平较低、信息检索能力不强所限，很难从海量的信息中较为便捷的查询到自己所需要的内容。不仅如此，农民工群体来自于全国各地，他们使用自己生活习惯的方言、用语进行政策法律检索时，匹配度较低。如何在“政府3.0时代”践行“服务型政府”理念，为农民工这一弱势群体提供更好的信息服务，就成为了本文亟待解决的问题。 本文共分为7个章节： 第一章：绪论。主要介绍研究背景及意义、提出研究问题、说明研究思路、方法以及论文创新点。第二章：文献回顾。综述的概念包括：服务型政府理念的变迁、我国农民工信息需求现状以及信息需求本体。第三章：本研究的理论基础。包括：马斯洛需求层次理论、本体构建及本体应用。第四章：数据来源及初步分析。农民工访谈资料及信息政策来源、农民工访谈设计及实施，以及访谈及政策文本的处理和初步分析。第五章：我国农民工信息需求本体构建。包括：我国农民工信息需求领域本体构建设计、我国民工访谈资料信息需求本体构建、我国农民工信息政策本体构建，并对两种来源本体进行对比，两种来源我国农民工信息需求本体整合。包括：两种来源需求本体的揭示以及两种来源我国农民工信息需求整合本体的可视化。第六章：政策建议。第七章：研究结论与展望。 本文主要贡献如下：将本体思想引入电子政务领域。通过对本体构建方法以及应用现状进行系统综述，发现目前对本体方法进行研究、应用的学者集中在计算机、工程以及情报学等领域，在电子政务领域本体构建方法研究和应用较少。 本体通过领域内容知识的分类，提供一个新的视角审视该领域。本体在澄清领域知识时，更关注领域内最为本质的知识，通常与领域内原则或基础理论相关，因此也称为核心本体，这是详细描述该领域的基础。信息需求本体澄清了所需求的具体知识。本文将我国农民工信息需求本体与我国农民工信息政策本体进行了整合，最终得到基于农民工需求的信息本体。该本体可以应用于面向农民工服务的政府网站构建之中，提高政府对农民工信息服务与管理水平，从而进一步推进政府3.0环境下服务型政府的实践。 提出我国农民工信息政策分析的6个维度。对国家发布的农民工信息政策进行系统、深入分析，将从农民工信息政策中筛选得到的783个领域概念结合内容分析法以及归纳法，总结得到档案管理信息、信息宣传、教育培训信息、医疗卫生信息、政府信息获取、就业维权保障信息、子女入学信息、政府信息统计、文化服务信息、优惠扶持信息10个方面，此后进一步根据揭示的具体内容归纳为信息管理、教育培训信息、疾病防治信息、政府信息获取、就业维权保障信息以及权益保障信息6个主要方面。为我国农民工信息问题的进一步分析提供支持。 我国农民工信息需求本体可作为农工服务网站构建的基础。农民工服务网站设计的初衷就是为了向农民工群体提供帮助，其中也必然包含与信息需求相关的各类内容，信息需求本体能够对各类文档进行语义标注，相比于目前广泛采用的利用关键词方式进行检索的方法，基于信息需求本体的文档组织管理及检索可以提高查全率及查准率。在服务型政府理念下，针对我国农民工信息需求结合国家出台的我国农民工信息政策，构建面向我国农民工需求的信息需求本体，拓展了“政府3.0”环境下服务型政府的理念，对今后政府服务网站的进一步建设提供支持。
英文摘要：	The concepts of government service are constantly changing with the development of the society. The concept of government information service from the beginning of official standard towards people oriented. Government around the world all want to study and solve the problems of how to cultivate and build a more democratic, more economy, efficiency and effectiveness with the new government mode, more open and inclusive, more responsibility and response, more transparent and be more civil service consciousness. In 1990s E-government affairs started which made the work more effective, more streamlined, and provided better services for the enterprises and citizens. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, government used Web 2.0 technology based on the concepts of users oriented. In the center of Internet morphometric, put forward the concept of government 2.0, and made it as the next step of the development trends of electronic government. The South Korean government issued "the government 3.0 times plan" on June 19, 2013, which emphasized on "individual citizen as the center initiative", opened government and shared information, to ensure people's active participation, and pay more attention to communications and cooperations. National Information Ministry (NIA) argued that the future government would become intelligent government using semantic web technology and could provide personalized services for the citizens. "Government 3.0" is based on the semantic web, which is a new service concept proposed in the government, referring to this new concept in the field of the Internet will become the development direction of the construction of the service type government in various countries. The Seventeenth Congress mentioned that "the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers problems, related to the overall well-off society, we must always make it as a top priority in the work of the whole party." Since the Eighteenth Congress, Xi Jinping Comrade attached great emphasis on rural work. Once again took the "San Nong" problem as a vital position in the work of the whole party. To solve the problems of migrant workers needs to understand the problems of the migrant workers as an important aspect of building harmonious society, which is an important guarantee to realize the Chinese long-term development objectives. The national population and Family Planning Commission released on September 10th, 2013 reported that the migrated population developed, China's one in every six people was the floating population in 2012. With the integration of migrant workers and the city, their problems gradually emerged, the majority of migrant workers working in the city from village were knowledge of aspiring young, but the overall cultural quality education view, migrant workers generally low.According to the Chinese Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC) released the "thirty-fourth Chinese Internet development statistics report" showed, in June 2014, the scale of China's Internet users reached 632 million, Internet penetration rate was 46.9%, of which the rural migrant workers in the proportion was only 2.4%. The overall level of Chinese information service provided on the increase, but there is a big gap between the migrant workers and the other classes. According to the migrant workers groups found on research earlier, when migrant workers needed information using the Internet of this modern means to access information, using search engines to find their own needed information, the need to search for government web sites for conservation laws and regulations for their own rights and interests, their lower education limited to the vast amounts of information. They could not query their required contents conveniently or effectively. Not only that, due to migrant workers groups from the all over countries, they use their customary in local language dialect, policy and legal retrieval, matching degree is low. How to "serve the idea of government 3.0 times" the practice of "service oriented government", to provide information services for this vulnerable group? This is an urgent problem to be solved in this paper. This paper is divided into 7 chapters: Chapter one: introduction. Mainly introduces the research background and significance, putting forward the research questions, explaining the research methods and ideas and innovations of the dissertation. The second chapter: a review of literature and the research. A review of concepts including: current situations of constructing migrant workers, migrant workers, and related concepts of information demand in China. An Empirical Study on the migrant workers in China and China's migrant workers policy research and information requirement ontology. The third chapter: the theoretical basis of this study. Theory constructions of change, the concept of government services information demand theory, Maslow's hierarchy of need theory. The fourth chapter: the data source. Interviewed data and information sources of migrant workers, migrant workers policy designing and implementation and interviewing, interviewing and policy text processing and preliminary analysis. The fifth chapter: China's migrant workers to construct ontology information demand. Information needs of migrant workers; migrant workers in construction design field in China, interview data information needs of ontology construction, ontology constructions of information policy of migrant workers in China, and the two sources of ontology comparation. The sixth chapter: the two sources of information demand of migrant workers of ontology integrations in china. Two sources of requirement ontology are revealed and visualized. The seventh chapter: conclusion and prospect. The main contributions of this paper are as followed: the idea of ontology into the field of e-government. A systematic review by constructing methods and applications status of body, found that the current method of ontology research, application of scholars focused on computer, engineering, information science and other fields, in the field of e-government construction method are less in research and applications of using ontology. The information needs of specific knowledge requirements ontology clarification. Through the classification of domain ontology content knowledge, provide a new perspective on the field. Body in the clarification of domain knowledge, more areas of concerns within the essence of knowledge, which is usually associated with the domain principles or basic theory, so it is also called the core ontology, which is described in detail the basic field. The ontology information demand of migrant workers in China and China's migrant workers information policy ontology integration, finally get the information needs of migrant workers based on the needs of the body, a practice of service type government 3.0 environment concept. Put forward 6 dimensions analysis of migrant workers' information policy in china. The in-depth analysis of migrant workers information released by the national policy systems, from the information policy of migrant workers, will be screened 783 domain-concept combined with content analysis methods and inductive method, sum file management, information publicity, education and training, disease prevention, government information acquisition, employment rights protection, their children to school, government information statistics, culture service, preferential 10 aspects, then further according to the concrete contents revealed induction for information management, education and training, disease prevention, access to government information, employment rights protection and rights protection 6 aspects. Provide support for further analysis of information problems of migrant workers in china. Our ontology based information demand of migrant workers can be constructed as service website. Migrant workers Service Web site is designed to provide assistances to migrant workers groups, which will also include all kinds of contents on demand related information, information requirements ontology can perform semantic annotations of all kinds of documents, compared to the present widely used way using the keyword retrieval method, organization and management information requirement ontology document retrieval precision and in recall, all have significant improved. In the concept of service oriented government, in view of our country's migrant workers information policy information needs of migrant workers in China combined with the national introduction of the construction of an ontology for information requirements, information demand of migrant workers in China, to expand the "service type government 3.0" environment concepts to provide support for the further constructions of the government service website.
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