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论文编号：	6656
作者编号：	2220130023
上传时间：	2014/12/2 22:51:53
中文题目：	我国商业银行小微企业金融发展现状及对策研究
英文题目：	The Financial Development status and Countermeasures of Small and Micro Enterprises of the Commercial banks in China
指导老师：	张玉利
中文关键字：	商业银行；小微企业金融；发展现状；问题及建议
英文关键字：	commercial banks; Finance small and micro enterprises; development status; problems and suggestions
中文摘要：	小微企业占我国企业总数的90%以上，不仅是推动我国经济、社会发展的重要力量，而且在调整经济结构、改善民生和促进就业方面发挥着重要作用。然而，融资难却一直是制约我国小微企业生存和发展的瓶颈。随着我国经济结构改革的逐步深化，国家对小微企业的支持力度不断增大，尤其是在银行贷款方面给予相当大的支持，还通过减免税收、出台相关支持政策等为我国的小微企业营造良好的社会环境，进而达到推动我国小微企业健康协调发展的目的。我国的金融结构体系是建立在以银行作为主导的基础上，在现有的金融结构体系中，商业银行占据着举足轻重的位置，在解决小微企业发展资金不足的问题上，商业银行起着非常重要的作用。在传统的商贷业务中，小微企业的贷款一直不被重视，处于比较尴尬的地位。但在国家出台相关支持小微企业的政策后，各商业银行以民生银行牵头，纷纷向小微企业伸出了援助之手，对小微企业的发展提供了较为强劲的经济支持，使我国小微企业的发展出现了良好势头。并且实践证明，发展小微企业金融是商业银行理性的市场选择，并且有助于培育商业银行的竞争新优势和增强商业银行的盈利能力。然而，虽然发展小微企业金融业务对商业银行具有重要的积极作用，并且已经取得了较为显著的成绩，然而由于信贷市场信息的不对称性，商业银行很难找到合适的小微企业客户，或者真正有融资需求的小微企业找不到愿意给自己贷款的银行。这样，处于信息不对称劣势的商业银行，很自然地降低了向小微企业提供贷款的主动性和积极性，偏好于选择不发放贷款或少发放贷款，发生“惜贷”现象。同时，小微企业固有的经营特性与商业银行传统的信贷支持标准之间存在较大的差距，专门经营机制不完善，再加之越发激烈的同业竞争，商业银行在发展小微企业金融服务过程中会存在较多的限制，出现较多的困难。面对以上问题和困难，本论文提出了以下解决思路和方法：完善小微企业信贷风险管理、建立科学的贷款定价机制、完善金融产品体系和创新机制、强化专营机构及人员素质和深入发展小微企业综合金融服务等，期望能够促进商业银行小微企业金融的可持续发展。在具体的案例上选择商业银行中小微企业金融发展领先的中国民生银行作为研究对象，分析荷花池商圈小微企业金融发展的案例，总结出民生银行发展小微企业的实践经验，以供其他商业银行借鉴。最后，得出本文的结论，不足之处和未来研究的重点和方向。
英文摘要：	Small and micro enterprises accounted for more than 90% of the total number of enterprises, not only promote China's economic and social development in an important force, and in the adjustment of economic structure, improving people's livelihood and employment promotion plays an important role. However, difficulties in financing has been restricting our survival and development of small and micro enterprises bottleneck. With the gradual deepening of China's economic structural reform, the state support to small and micro enterprises is increasing, especially given considerable support in terms of bank loans, but also through tax breaks, to support the introduction of relevant policies for China's small and micro enterprises create a good social environment, and thus achieve the purpose of promoting the healthy and harmonious development of China's small and micro enterprises. Our architecture is built on the basis of finance as the leading bank on the existing financial architecture, the commercial banks occupy a pivotal position in the small and micro enterprises to solve the shortage of development finance issues, commercial banks play a very important role. In a traditional business loan business loans small and micro enterprises has been neglected, in a rather awkward position. However, the state has adopted a policy to support small and micro enterprises, the commercial banks in China Minsheng Bank, led to small and micro enterprises have lent a helping hand, the development of small and micro enterprises to provide a more robust economic support, so that our small development of micro-enterprises appeared good momentum. And proved that the development of small and micro finance market is a commercial bank rational choice, and help foster new competitive advantage of commercial banks and enhance profitability of commercial banks. However, although the development of small and micro finance business of commercial banks have an important positive role, and has made a more significant achievements, but because of information asymmetry in credit markets, commercial banks is difficult to find a suitable small and micro business customers, or real financing needs of small and micro enterprises can not find a bank willing to give their own loans. Thus, asymmetric information disadvantage in commercial banks, it is natural to reduce lending to small and micro enterprises initiative and enthusiasm, prefer to choose not to make loans less loans, the occurrence of "credit crunch" phenomenon. Meanwhile, between the small and micro enterprises operating characteristics inherent in the traditional commercial bank credit support standard large gap, specialized mechanisms are inadequate, coupled with the increasingly fierce competition in the industry, commercial banks in the development of small and micro enterprises in the financial services process there will be more restrictions, more difficulties. Faced with these problems and difficulties, this paper presents the following ideas and solutions: improving small and micro-enterprise credit risk management, loan pricing to establish a scientific mechanism, improve the system of financial products and innovative mechanisms to strengthen the franchisee and staff quality and in-depth development of small integrated financial services and micro enterprises, small commercial banks expect to promote the sustainable development of micro-finance. Select the specific case of micro finance the development of small and medium commercial banks of China Minsheng Bank leading the study, analysis of case lotus pond district financial development of small and micro enterprises, summed up the development of small and micro enterprises Minsheng Banking experience for other business Bank reference. Finally, the conclusions drawn in this paper, deficiencies and future focus and direction of the research.
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