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论文编号：	6506
作者编号：	1120110754
上传时间：	2014/6/12 18:33:45
中文题目：	科技型中小企业技术创新驱动因素的探索性研究
英文题目：	An Exploratory Research on the Driving Factors of Tech SME Technological Innovation
指导老师：	张玉利
中文关键字：	驱动因素；技术创新；扎根理论；科技型中小企业
英文关键字：	Driving Factors；Technological Innovation；Grounded Theory；Tech SME
中文摘要：	随着当今世界经济与技术一体化发展趋势的日益明显，技术创新一方面是经济增长和科技水平发展的重要推动力；另一方面技术创新也是企业获取竞争优势持续发展的的生命力。企业是技术创新的主体，而科技型中小企业是最活跃的技术创新群体。实践表明，推动各国经济发展的力量重心开始逐步由具有垄断优势的大型企业，转向创新活动密集的科技型企业，尤其是不具规模优势的科技型中小企业的优势越发凸显。科技型中小企业已经成为国民经济和社会发展的重要力量，在我国建设创新型国家的过程中发挥举足轻重的作用。科技型中小企业凭借自己独特的技术优势，灵活的运行机制，敏锐的市场把握能力，取得了丰硕的创新成果。“十八大”报告提出实施创新驱动发展战略，指出科技创新是提高社会生产力和综合国力的战略支撑；必须摆在国家发展全局的核心位置。科技型中小企业拥有全国65%的专利、74%的技术创新和80%的新产品开发。科技型中小企业有如此多技术创新成果，探究科技型中小企业技术创新驱动因素成为一个重要的研究课题。技术创新驱动是科技型中小企业技术创新研究的源头问题，而已有研究成果却对科技型中小企业技术创新驱动问题鲜有涉及，而基于逼真质性数据的探索性案例研究更为缺乏。为此，本研究运用案例研究和扎根理论两大质化研究方法，精选了石基信息、中科三环、四方继保三个具有代表性的科技型中小企业进行扎根分析和比较研究，探寻科技型中小企业技术创新的驱动因素。案例研究是验证理论、阐释概念、发现和描述未知现象的有效研究方法；与一般基于假设进行检验的研究相区别，扎根理论是基于原始资料进行理论构建的研究方法。通过访谈、实地观察、网络、期刊文献、报纸报道等，我们收集了大量的关于石基信息、中科三环、四方继保三个案例的资料，为形成概念和发展理论奠定多重证据基础。本研究对三案例进行开放译码、主轴译码和选择性译码后，继而通过跨案例比较，识别出8个共性驱动因素，挖掘这8个共性驱动因素之间的相互关系，找出内在驱动机理，并构建了科技型中小企业技术创新驱动模型。本研究得出的科技型中小企业技术创新的8个驱动因素分别是：市场需求、市场竞争、企业家、研发团队、研发投入、政府政策、激励机制、产品开发。技术创新驱动机理：市场需求是驱动科技型中小企业技术创新的原动力，市场需求意味着技术创新带来的潜在收益，市场竞争给企业的生存和发展带来压力，企业家受市场需求的启发，以及迫于市场竞争的压力，企业家组织、激励研发团队实施技术创新；激励机制调动研发人员持续开展技术创新的积极性。同时政府政策对企业技术创新的指引和支持，进一步鼓舞研发团队开展技术创新，企业的研发投入为研发团队实施技术创新开发新产品提供了保障。产品开发一方面满足了市场需求，同时也面临同行企业产品的竞争，市场的需求与竞争驱使企业家启动新一轮的技术创新，如此不断循环往复。另外，根据企业所处的不同发展阶段，进一步探讨了科技型中小企业技术创新驱动因素的演化特征。
英文摘要：	With the integration trend of the world economy and technology development increasingly evident, technological innovation on one hand is an important driving force of economic growth while on the other hand technological innovation is also a way for enterprise to gain competitive advantage in sustainable development. Enterprises are the main participants in technological innovation, and tech SMEs are the most active groups of technological innovation. Practice shows that the power of gravity which promotes the economic development of countries have turned to gradually from the dominant large enterprises to tech SMEs, especially for those tech SMEs which do not have size advantages. Occupying a pivotal position in our process of building an innovative country, SMEs have become an important force for national economic and social development. SMEs have unique technical advantages. They can keenly grasp the market opportunities, and with flexible operation mechanism, they have made many impressive record of innovation. “Eighteen National Congress” report pointed we should implement innovation-driven development strategy, technological innovation is the strategic support to improve social productive force and overall national strength. Technological innovation must be placed at the heart of the overall national development. Tech SMEs own 65% of national patents, 74% of technological innovation and 80% of new product development. There are so many technological innovations in tech SMEs, thus exploring tech SME technological innovation-driven have become an important research topic. Technological innovation-driven is the source of the problem of tech SME technological innovation research, but present research results rarely cover it, especially for the exploratory case study which based on realistic qualitative data. In this study, we use case studie and grounded theory qualitative research methods, analysis three representative tech SME technological innovation-driven enterprises and then make a comparison research to explore the tech SME technological innovation-driven common factors. Case study is an effective approach to verify the theory, interpret the concept, and describe unknown. Distinguished from the general study based on hypothesis testing, grounded theory is based on the original data to build the theory. Through interviews, field observations, journal articles, Internet and newspaper, etc., we collected a lot of data about the Siji Xinxi, Zhongke Sanhuan, Sifang Jibao which lay a multiple evidence foundation to form the concept and develop the theory. This study was carried out on the three cases of open coding, axial coding and selective decoding, then through the cross case comparison, identify the eight common driving factors, mine the relationship between the eight common driving factors so as to find out the inner driving mechanism, and construct the tech SME technological innovation model. This study conclude that the tech SME technological innovation of the eight driving factors are: market demand, market competition, entrepreneurs, R&D team, R&D investment, government policy, incentive mechanism, product development. In technological innovation driving mechanism, market demand is a motive force to drive tech SME technological innovation. Market demand means potential benefits brought by technological innovation, while market competition brings pressure to the survival and development of the enterprise. inspired by market demand and spurred by the pressure of market competition, entrepreneurs organize and motivate the R&D team to implement technological innovation. At the same time, the government's policy guidance and support further encourage R&D team to carry out technological innovation. R&D investment guarantee R&D team develop new products. Product development, on the one hand, meets the market demand and faces competition from peer enterprises products at the same time. Driven by market demand and competition, entrepreneurs have to begin to organize the R&D team to implement a new round of technological innovation, perpetuating the cycle. According to the enterprise in different stages of development, further discussion is posed about evolutionary characteristics of tech SME technological innovation.
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