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论文编号：	6438
作者编号：	2120112918
上传时间：	2014/6/10 16:07:27
中文题目：	基于h指数的我国高校化学学科影响力研究
英文题目：	The research on influence of college chemistry discipline in China based on the h-index
指导老师：	王知津
中文关键字：	h指数；学科评价；h型指数；实证研究
英文关键字：	h-index;discipline evaluation;h-type index;empirical research
中文摘要：	科技在社会中的地位越来越重要。经济的发展离不开科技，国家的实力也和科技发展息息相关。而科技进步的重地之一便是各个国家的高校和科研院所。支持高校学术发展的细胞则是各个高校的学科发展。因此，需要对学科进行合理的科学评价，找到正确的定位，从而有效激励学科的发展。h指数是2005年诞生的一个新的计量指标，它综合考虑了发文量和被引次数，不仅仅能够反映出传统统计量所测量的内容，同时还能够优化所得到的结果。因此，h指数迅速成为科学评价中的一颗新星。 本文利用计量学的思想和数理统计的方法，以化学学科为例，对h指数是否适用于学科评价进行了实证研究。以SCI为来源数据库，以我国39所985高校为样本，窗口期设为2003-2012年，利用sci数据中的机构扩展字段进行检索。获取的数据有发文总量、被引总次数、篇均被引次数、它引的被引次数以及h指数。利用spss软件对5个传统统计量和h指数进行了相关分析或者偏相关分析，发现h指数和被引总次数的相关性最高，它引的被引次数相关系数其次，但是差距很微小。h指数与篇均被引次数之间也是强正相关的关系。而h指数与发文总量之间的关系不能确定。由此可见，h指数在对学科进行评价的时候，能够较好地反应出学科的学术影响力，并且受到自引的影响很小，同时还能够制衡发文量和被引次数，所以h指数在学科评价方面的适用性较好。 本文还对h指数与h型指数的差异性和相关性进行了分析研究，以求证应用在学科评价方面时，h指数在被公认的h指数自身缺陷方面的影响大小。根据学科评价的特点，分别选取了增加了区分度的w指数、解决了合著单位问题的Ad指数以及解决只增不减问题的At指数。同样是利用spss软件对h指数与这三个h型指数进行了相关性分析，得到的结果是h指数与这三个h型指数的相关性很高。由此说明h指数在区分度问题、合著问题以及只增不减问题上对学科评价的影响不显著，又由于h指数自身具有很好的简洁性，因此在对学科进行评价的时候应首选h指数。 在对h指数在学科评价方面进行了实证研究后，将h指数应用于将我国985高校与世界一流大学的化学学科领域的学术能力的对比中，分析目前我国化学学科在国际上的地位，以及对今后的发展给出合理化建议。通过对100所世界一流高校h指数的获取与我国39所985高校的h指数的综合对比后发现，从整体实力来说，我国是落后于世界一流大学化学学科的学术实力，但是并没有形成绝对差距；从个体来看，在世界一流高校的各个档次中都有我国高校的身影，但没有形成超越，并且在顶端区间的数量少，绝大多数集中在尾部的区间。个体的结论与整体的结论是相呼应的。个体中我国高校的水平多是位于世界一流高校区间的尾部，所以造成了整体上我国高校要低于世界一流高校；而我国高校大部分都跻身于世界一流高校的各个区间中，所以造成了整体差距不是特别大，还有追赶的空间的结论。
英文摘要：	The position of science and technology in society is increasingly important. The economy can’t develop without advances in science and technology, and the strength of the country and the development of science and technology are also closely linked.Universities and research institutes are some of the major places for science and technology development. The colleges’ disciplines are sub-cells that support the development of college. To know the position of disciplines exactly, it’s necessary to evaluate the level of them, thus to effectively encourage the development of disciplines. H-index is a new bibliometric index which was born in 2005.H-index considers scientific productivity and citations. It can not only reflectthe measured content of conventional statistic, but also optimize the results obtained.Therefore, h-index is becoming a new star in the scientific evaluation . The paper proposes in chemistry, for example, whether it is suitable to conduct research in the field of evaluation of disciplines.In this paper, the thought of metrology as well as mathematical and statistical method are applied to the research. The database source comes from sci.And 39 universities or colleges of Project 985 are taken as samples. The period of study time is between 2003 and 2012. The Organization-Enhanced is choosen to retrieval in sci database. We got the indexes of scientific productivity, citations, citations per paper, self-citations and h-index. 5 traditional statistic indicators and h-index have carried on the correlation analysis and partial correlation analysis by spss software. The correlation coefficient between h-index and citations is the highest. The second is h-index and self-citations. But the gap between the two coefficients is so small. The relation between h-index and citation per paper is positive and strong correlation. The relation between h-index and scientific productivity cannot be determined. To evaluate a discipline, h-index can well reflect academic disciplines, and it hasn’t been influenced by self-citations, and considers scientific productivity and citations. So the applicability of the h index in terms of discipline evaluation is very good. The paper also studies h-index and h-type index to prove h-index in recognizing their own limitation of application in the influence on the aspect of subject evaluation. According to the characteristics of the discipline evaluation, The paper chooses three h-type indexes. They are w-index, Ad index and Atindex. W-index can solve senseless measurement. Adindex can solve the problem of co-author affiliations. And Atindex can solve the age of h-index.H-index and the three h-type indexes have been correlation analyzed by spss software. The result is that they have high correlation coefficient. So the impact of h-index which evaluates in senseless measurement, co-author affiliations and the age of h-indexturns out to be small. At the same time, h-index is a simple model. So the first choice in evaluating discipline is h-index. After h-index has been empirically researched in aspect of evaluating discipline, h-index was applied to 985 colleges and universities in our country and the world first-class university academic ability in the field of chemical science contrastto analyze the current status of the chemical discipline of our country in the world. And for future development, the paper will give reasonable suggestions. Comparing h-index between 100 first-class world universities and thirty-nine 985 colleges in China, the country is behind the first-class university chemistry discipline of academic power, but does not form an absolute gap. From the point of individual, in world class universities of every level there are figures of Chinese colleges and universities. But none of colleges in China belong to the 100 first-class world universities. And a small amount of Chinese colleges is at the top levels, the vast majority are listed in the tail of the list. The overall result and the individual result is consistent. Individually, the level of our universities lays at the end of the range of world first-class universities, so the all Chinese 985 colleges lag behind the world first-class universities in our country.The conclusion of the individual and the overall conclusion is photograph echo.In the individual level ,colleges and universities areof the rangeof the world first-class universities, so on the whole is lower than the world first-class universities in colleges and universities;And most of Chinese colleges and universities are among the world's first-class universities in each phase, so the overall gap is not particularly big, and there is still opportunity to catch up.
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