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论文编号：	6407
作者编号：	2120112900
上传时间：	2014/6/9 22:48:06
中文题目：	天津市河北区图书馆老年用户信息需求研究
英文题目：	Research on Information Needs of Older Users in Hebei District Library of Tianjin
指导老师：	于良芝
中文关键字：	马斯洛层次理论;信息需求特点;信息渠道;图书馆;老年用户
英文关键字：	Maslow''''s hierarchy of needs; characteristics of the information needs; information channel; library; older users
中文摘要：	随着世界老龄化步伐加速，老年人已经成为社会最主要的群体之一，而作为公共文化服务体系重要组成部分的公共图书馆，对这一重要群体的需求却缺乏研究。本文以马斯洛五大层次的需求作为理论基础，考察老年人群因生理、安全、情感、尊严和自我实现需要而派生的信息需求老年人由于年龄增大、器官衰老、记忆减退以及社会角色脱离等，其身体、情感、心理等方面均会发生显著变化。根据英国学者Wilson的用户信息行为模型，这些变化势必派生新的信息需求。考察这些需求对于图书馆今后开展具有针对性的服务大有裨益。 本文通过问卷调查的方法，结合简短访谈的方式，对河北区图书馆的老年用户进行了考察，根据马斯洛五大层次需求理论，设计了关于生理、情感、自我实现三大方面信息需求的模型，并结合老年用户的年龄、性别、文化程度、家庭结构等背景，考察分析了老年用户信息需求的特点及利用图书馆获取信息的状况。 本研究发现，老年人这一特殊而重要的群体，由于生理结构、社会角色、家庭结构等的重大变化，信息需求呈现出自己的特点：与健康、安全相关的信息需求最为迫切；情感信息需求更注重交流；心理信息需求处于隐形状态；自我实现的信息需求顾虑重重；获取信息交流的渠道主要是人际渠道、媒体渠道和资料载体渠道。老年人在生活及情感方面，更倾向于首选人际渠道；在获取知识信息方面，更偏向于对于媒体渠道的选择，最常使用的是电视、广播这种信息渠道、其次是图书、报刊，再次是电脑网络。建议图书馆根据自身实际情况，主要在馆舍设施、馆藏结构、和服务活动这三个方面加强建设，从而提高信息服务的种类和水平，满足老年用户的信息需求，实现图书馆作为国家重要的公共文化信息服务机构的价值。
英文摘要：	With the accelerated pace of aging in the world, elderly people has become one of the most important groups in society. But public libraries, as an important part of public cultural service system, lack of research of demands of this important group. Based on the Maslow's hierarchy of needs, this article analyzes the information needs of the elderly people due to physical inspection, security, emotional, dignity and self-actualization needs. Due to age increasing, organ aging, memory loss and social roles detachment, their physical, emotional, psychological and other aspects will significantly change. Based on the model of user’s information behavior of British scholar Wilson, these changes will inevitably derive new information needs. Analysis of these needs will greatly benefit the targeted library services in the future. By questionnaire, combined with brief interviews, the author interviewed one hundred fifty-two older users in Hebei District Library. Based on the Maslow's hierarchy of needs, this article designs a model of three kinds of information needs including: physical, emotional and self-realization, analyze the characteristics of the information needs of older users and how they get information in libraries, combined with the user's old age, gender, educational level, family structure and other background. This article found that because of significant changes in the physical structure, social roles, and family structure, the elderly people, this special and important group, their information needs presents their own characteristics: health, safety related information needs are most pressing; emotional information needs focus on communication; psychological information needs are ‘’invisible’’; there are lot of concerns about information needs of self-realization; there are three ways for information exchange: interpersonal communication, media and other data carrier. This article also found that elderly people are more inclined to choose interpersonal communication in their life and emotional needs. They are more inclined to acquire knowledge and information via the media, the most commonly television and broadcast, followed by books, newspapers, and internet. This article recommends that libraries, according to their practical situation, strengthen their own construction mainly in the premises facilities, collection structure, and service activities in order to improve the type and level of information services, to meet the information needs of older users, and to realize the value of library as our country’s important public cultural information services institution.
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