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论文编号：	622
作者编号：	2120062078
上传时间：	2008/6/20 2:20:06
中文题目：	我国旅游企业并购中的文化整合研
英文题目：	A Study on Cultural Integratio
指导老师：	徐虹
中文关键字：	旅游企业;并购;文化整合>
英文关键字：	Tourism Enterprise;M&A;Cultura
中文摘要：	企业并购是当今世界的一个热门话题，全球范围内每年的企业并购案例数以万计。并购是企业扩大规模和在市场竞争中占据有利地位的最便捷、最快速的方式。目前，国外跨国旅游集团携巨资大举进军中国旅游市场，形成国内市场国际化和国际市场国内化的鲜明特点，中国旅游企业要与之相抗衡，也必须组建实力雄厚的大型集团，必须以资本为纽带，通过企业间的并购形成紧密的利益共同体。然而，相对于企业并购前的战略和期望值而言，并购后的企业状况与预期目标相差甚远。西方理论界和实业界普遍倾向于认为，并购之所以失败，其主要原因在于并购中的整合出了问题，缺乏对不同企业文化进行有效的整合是一个极其重要的原因。并购后的旅游企业要进行有效的文化整合，就必须根据旅游企业的特殊情况和企业文化的内容，根据并购战略和双方利益等具体要求选择恰当的文化整合模式，对并购后企业双方原有心理契约进行继承和调整修改，使双方文化要素达到最佳配置与安排，从而最大限度地减少文化差异造成的文化冲突，在新的组织中形成多元性和整体性的统一，增加文化差异创造的文化价值，进而增强企业整体的竞争优势。 本文以企业并购理论和文化整合理论为理论基础，首先，本文介绍了研究对象旅游企业和旅游产品的特点，并由此引出旅游企业的服务链，然后分析了旅游企业文化的内涵和作用；其次，本文分析了我国旅游企业并购的现状，其并购中存在文化问题、文化风险和人才流失问题，并指出旅游企业并购中对文化整合关注不足的原因；最后，本文阐述了旅游企业并购中文化整合的内容、模式和流程，探索适用于旅游企业的文化整合策略，以期实现旅游企业的并购目标。本文从理论到实践，对旅游企业在并购中为什么要进行文化整合、怎样进行文化整合等问题展开了较为系统的研究，以期为我国旅游企业日益频繁的并购活动的成功开展提供一些理论借鉴。 本文基于笔者自身对旅游企业特点的了解，结合一般制造企业在并购文化整合中的经验以及由此得出的理论成果，对旅游企业在并购中的文化整合问题进行探讨，这对于旅游企业研究领域来说，在理论上是一个新的研究点。由于旅游企业的并购活动相对于制造业来说还处于初级阶段，企业自身的国际经营战略决策水平和跨国并购整合能力还很低，再加上文化在旅游业领域中无可比拟的重要性，旅游企业的并购正在面临着企业文化差异以及文化冲突和整合的严峻挑战。本文的目的就是要阐明文化整合在旅游企业并购中的必要性和重要性，研究文化整合的模式，为我国旅游企业并购中的文化整合提供对策和建议。总体而言，旅游并购企业文化整合研究既是目前企业并购实践的必然要求，也是丰富和完善现有并购理论的客观需要，这对于旅游企业并购中的文化整合具有特别的现实意义。
英文摘要：	Nowadays, enterprise M&A has become a hot topic all over the world, and there are thousands of M&A cases happening every year. M&A is the fastest method to help enterprise enlarge its scale and empower its competitiveness. So far, foreign multinational tourism enterprise groups have invested a lot on Chinese tourism market, forming the vivid character of connecting domestic market with international market. Chinese tourism enterprise should organize powerful enterprise groups to compete with them. With tie of capital, tight benefit community should be built by enterprise M&A. However, comparing the strategy and expect before enterprise M&A, the condition after M&A differs a lot. Western field of theory and industry consider that the reason of failure of enterprise M&A is integration problem, a most important factor of which is the lack of cultural integration. To make efficient cultural integration, the tourism enterprise should consider the special condition and culture of tourism enterprise, and choose proper cultural integration mode according to the integration strategy and benefits of both sides. Then the former psychological contract of both sides should be inherited and adjusted, to realize the best arrangement of cultural factors. Then, the cultural conflicts caused by cultural diversity can be diminished, the diversity and integration can be unified in the new organization, the cultural value created by cultural diversity can be increased, and the overall competitive strengths of the tourism enterprise can be enhanced. This paper is based on M&A theory and cultural integration theory. Firstly, it described the features of tourism enterprise and tourism products, then it pointed out the service chain of tourism enterprise, and the faction of tourism enterprise cultural. Secondly, it analyzed existing condition of tourism enterprise M&A, and the cultural risks through integration, combining the talent outflow problem, before analyzing the reason of overlooking the cultural integration problem. Lastly, it detailed in the contents, mode and process of cultural integration, aiming to point out the status on M&A of China's tourism enterprises and the strategic choice of cultural integration in M&A of China's tourism Enterprises. From theory to practice, the paper did a more systematic study on the reasons and the ways of cultural integration in M&A of tourism enterprises, so as to provide some theoretical draw on the success of the increasingly frequent M&A activity in China's tourism enterprises. Based on the features of tourism enterprise, this paper discussed the cultural integration issue of tourism enterprise, combining the practice of cultural integration in manufactory enterprise M&A. It is a new theoretical research point, as to the research domain of tourism enterprise. Comparing to manufactory industry, tourism enterprises seem to be superior in strategic decision making level and integration ability during international operation. Further more, the importance of culture in tourism industry is incomparable, tourism enterprise is facing cultural differences, cultural conflicts and the difficulty in integration. This paper aims at explaining the necessity and importance of cultural integration in tourism enterprise M&A, and the mode of cultural integration. Then it offers method and suggestion for cultural integration of our tourism enterprises. In a word, cultural integration of tourism enterprise M&A is not only desired by enterprise M&A practice, but also needed to enrich and improve the existing theory, which means a lot to practical cultural integration in tourism enterprise M&A.
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