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论文编号：	6117
作者编号：	2220130117
上传时间：	2014/5/29 13:40:17
中文题目：	天海气瓶公司供应商关系管理研究
英文题目：	Research on Supplier Relationship Management of Tianhai Gas Cylinder Company
指导老师：	严建援
中文关键字：	供应商，战略关系，非正式关系，供应链治理，供应模式
英文关键字：	Supplier; Strategy Relationship; Informal Relationship; Supply Chain Governance; Sourcing Pattern
中文摘要：	摘 要　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　在全球化的激烈竞争中，企业之间的合作关系日益紧密，企业越来越多的依靠外部资源获得竞争优势，改善和管理好企业与外部实体之间的联系对企业提升竞争力发挥着举足轻重的作用。如果将企业与外部实体的关系按照合作的亲疏来分层，那么供应链上的实体是合作最紧密的一层，离企业最近的供应链成员不外乎上游的供应商和下游的经销商。　　气瓶属于特种容器，安全性等质量问题是企业的生命线，原材料的品质会对产品质量形成直接影响。气瓶市场属于开放性市场，如果说质量是企业生存的保健因素的话，那么价格等市场因素即为企业市场竞争力的激励因素，气瓶生产加工技术含量较低，产业竞争较为激烈，所以在保证质量的前提下，价格成为主要竞争要素。对企业而言，保证质量，控制成本成为气瓶生产企业的战略重点。成本控制提升了企业价格竞争的弹性，保证了企业利润率，扩大企业市场占有率，进而提升企业的知名度，增加品牌价值，最终以品牌附加值拓宽产品的利润空间，使气瓶企业走出价格竞争的恶性循环。原材料质量和原材料成本对气瓶生产企业竞争优势的获得具有重要意义，而原材料供应商对原材料质量和原材料成本具有主要的决定权，所以企业与上游供应商的关系比企业与下游经销商的关系要重要的多，所以本文主要研究企业与上游供应商的关系。　　本文主要研究供应商关系分类、供应商战略关系的形成与发展以及战略供应商的供应模式选择问题。天海气瓶是国内气瓶行业的龙头企业，以其为背景案例，研究气瓶行业的供应商关系管理具有典型性和代表性，所以本文将选择天海气瓶作为案例，对天海气瓶供应商关系管理进行分析，提炼天海气瓶的最佳实践，并探索其对供应商关系管理理论的补充与完善。本文的研究主要是基于供应链相关理论的支撑，在典型案例的实践启发下提出对已有理论及模型的改进，并以模型为依据提出管理启示。主要研究结论如下：　（1）将采购物资的ABC分类方法和供应商的SWOT分析方法的整合，以天海气瓶为背景案例，说明两种方法整合下的供应商关系分类及定位。根据ABC分类法对天海气瓶的采购品进行分类，然后选择A类产品的供应商，再结合供应商的SWOT分析，辨析天海气瓶供应商所属类别，并对天海气瓶的供应商关系进行定位。两种方法整合下的供应商关系分类使供应商关系分类既能体现对采购方重要的供应商，又能考虑外部供应市场的环境和供应商的能力，使供应商关系分类更加准确、周全。　（2）通过天海气瓶供应商战略关系的形成和演进的路径分析，发现随着供应链合作关系的深入及合作时间的积累，供应链成员之间的交易成本日益降低，企业边界线日益扩大，使原本由上游供应商提供的材料可以由制造商自身生产，或原本由制造商生产的产品可以由供应商生产。当供应链成员之间的边界线重合之后，就产生了共同生产的动机，交易成本的降低为共同生产奠定了坚实的经济基础。以交易成本为线索，企业边界变化为逻辑可以解释天海气瓶与其供应商合资建厂的经济基础，所以本文提出供应链合作伙伴关系对供应链治理模式的影响模型。　　通过天海气瓶供应商非正式关系对供应商战略关系的影响分析，发现渤海润德与北京天海的长期供应关系也促进了私人关系的建立，并且在长期的合作关系中已夯实了彼此信任的基础，信任可以促进供应链成员之间的信息共享，信息共享可以降低供应链物流成本，减少牛鞭效应，提高供应链管理效率，供应链成员之间的信任可以通过信息共享进而增强供应链管理绩效。供应链成员之间的长期合作不仅可以强化私人关系，同时也能够增进供应链成员之间的信任。所以本文提出了供应链非正式关系对正式关系影响的模型。　（3）从天海气瓶战略供应商供应模式的选择案例出发，发现供应风险和供应商关系是影响供应链模式选择的主要因素，此二者构成了供应模式选择模型，在此基础上引入时间因素，提出供应模式选择的动态模型；并从天海气瓶战略供应商供应模式选择的实践出发，发现供应风险、供应商关系和供应模式之间的联系，提出供应商模式选择的概念模型。　　本研究的主要贡献表现在：（1）对供应商关系分类方法的整合应用。将采购物资的ABC分类方法和供应商的SWOT分析方法相结合进行供应商关系分类，充分考虑企业内外部能力和环境，使供应商关系定位更加合理。（2）在现有理论的支持和背景案例的启发下，提出了三个概念模型，分别是供应商合作伙伴关系对供应链治理模式的影响；供应链非正式关系对正式关系的影响模型；以及供应模式选择的概念模型。关键词：供应商，战略关系，非正式关系，供应链治理，供应模式
英文摘要：	distributors. 　　Gas cylinder belongs to the special container, safety and quality is the lifeline of enterprise and the quality of the raw materials will decide the quality of final product directly. The market of gas cylinder is opened, if the quality is the hygiene factors for enterprise survival, the market factors such as price will be the motivation factor for enterprise competitiveness in the market. The technology level of gas cylinder production processing is low, so industry competition is more intensely. In such situation, the price becomes the main competition factor in the premise of quality assurance. For the gas cylinder enterprise, quality assurance and cost controlling become the most important strategy. Cost control promote the enterprise elasticity in price competition, ensure the enterprise profit margin, expanding the company's market share, and enhance the enterprise reputation, increase the brand value, and finally broaden the profit space with the brand added value, make the gas cylinders enterprise out of the vicious circle of price competition. Raw material quality and raw material cost is significance for gas cylinder enterprise to obtain competitive advantage, and raw materials supplier plays important role in ensuring the quality of raw material and controlling the cost of raw materials. Therefore, the thesis mainly studies the relationship between the enterprise and the upstream suppliers. 　　This paper will study the classification of supplier relationship, the formation and development of strategic supplier relationship and the selection of sourcing pattern around the supplier relationship management problem in cylinder enterprise. Tianhai gas cylinder is leading enterprises in the gas cylinder industry, make Tianhai gas cylinder as the research case is typical and representative to study gas cylinder industry supplier relationship management, so the thesis will choose Tianhai gas cylinder as a case and analyze the Tianhai gas cylinder supplier relationship management, refining Tianhai gas cylinders best practices, and supplement and perfect the supplier relationship management theory. This research mainly based on the support of supply chain theory, under the practice of the typical case enlightened, improve some existing supply chain theory, and based on the model put forward management enlightenment. The main research conclusions are as follows: 　　(1) Integrated the ABC classification method and the supplier SWOT analysis process to classify and locate Tianhai gas cylinders’ supplier relationships. Based on the Tianhai gas cylinder introduces the method application in classifying and locating the supplier relationship. Firstly, according to ABC method to classify the sourcing materials and find out the materials which occupy the biggest sourcing cost. And then make use of supplier SWOT method to analyze the suppler who supply class A materials. Differentiate Tianhai gas cylinder’s supplier category, and position the supplier relationship. 　　(2) Through analysis the formation and the evolution path of Tianhai gas cylinders’ supplier strategic relationship, puts forward the effect model of supply chain partnership on supply chain governance mode. Through analysis the influence of informal supply chain relationship on formal supply chain relationship in Tianhai gas cylinder, propose the effect model of the informal supply chain relationship on formal supply chain relationship. 　　(3) Through analysis the sourcing pattern selection of Tianhai gas cylinders’ strategic suppliers, find out the influence factors of the sourcing pattern selection, and puts forward the sourcing pattern selection model, and then extent the model in to sourcing pattern selection dynamic model because of introduction time factor. Based on Tianhai gas cylinders’ practice on sourcing pattern selection, this paper puts forward the concept model of sourcing pattern selection. 　　The innovation of this paper reflected in the integration of classification method and the three conceptual models related with supplier relationship management. (1) Integrated the ABC classification method and the supplier SWOT analysis process to classify and locate Tianhai gas cylinders’ supplier relationships. Which is full consideration of enterprise internal and external ability and environment, and make supplier relationship positioning is more reasonable. (2) The effect model of supply chain partnership on supply chain governance mode, the effect model of the informal supply chain relationship on formal supply chain relationship, and the concept model of sourcing pattern selection. Key Words: Supplier; Strategy Relationship; Informal Relationship; Supply Chain Governance; Sourcing Pattern
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