联系我们

论文查询结果	返回搜索

论文编号：	5379
作者编号：	2120112426
上传时间：	2013/6/7 1:00:26
中文题目：	制度创业过程中的个人网络和组织网络与新实践关系研究
英文题目：	A Study on the Relationship between Individual and Organizational Network and New Practice in Institutional Entrepreneurship
指导老师：	任兵
中文关键字：	新兴场域;制度创业;关系网络;资源;合法性;新实践;案例研究
英文关键字：	Emerging field; Institutional entrepreneur; Guanxi and network; Resource; Legitimacy; New practice; Case study
中文摘要：	自Dimaggio1988年提出制度创业以来，已有大量学者对这一领域进行研究，但是已有理论普遍都是建立在成熟场域的基础上，而少有研究新兴场域的制度创业。在新兴场域中，制度创业者面临零散的资源和价值观多样化的利益相关者，制度创业者需要联合不同的行动者来获取资源和合法性来推动制度创业。然而新兴场域中制度创业者是如何获取变革场域所需要的关键资源的？又是如何获取合法性来推动新实践的扩散的？在这一问题上，已有研究并未给出答案，连资源和合法性的定义也未给予清晰的界定。 本论文通过对文献进行回顾，发现制度创业者可以划分为个人制度创业者和组织制度创业者，并且不同类型的制度创业者能够利用各自的关系网络获取制度创业所需要的资源和合法性。在个人制度创业者所拥有的社会网络中，制度创业者能够通过建立结构洞或者与网络内具有社会资本的行动者建立联系来获取资源；通过与场域中多数利益相关者保持一致性的价值观，通过将新实践与原场域中的利益相关者价值观连接起来，和保持中立态度三种模式获取合法性；组织则是通过与三种模式的组织网络合作，包括与管制机构的网络，与市场关系的网络，和与合作关系的网络来获取资源和合法性。 我们选择案例研究的方法，以美丽中国这一教育领域的非营利组织的创建和发展过程作为分析对象，通过搜集网上资料、新闻报道，以及实地观察的方式，分析其在创建初期的关系网络如何获取资源和合法性，并且这些资源和合法性是如何推动新实践制度化的。本研究发现个人制度创业者和组织制度创业者从其关系网络中获得的资源和合法性对组织新实践产生具有中介作用。资源通过财务资源、社会资本和正式权力的形式对新实践产生影响。而合法性则通过三种不同层次的合法性，包括管制合法性、规范合法性以及认知合法性，分别在制度创业的不同阶段起着不同的支持作用影响新实践的形成。 这一研究整合了以往大多数制度创业理论中重视资源或者合法性的观点，并且揭示了获取资源和合法性的网络途径，为当前制度创业研究提出了新的研究方向。在实践意义上，能够使制度创业者们更加重视关系网络的建设，以及网络中资源和合法性获取的途径，这为当前转型的中国社会制度完善的微观层面提供了指导。
英文摘要：	Since proposed by Dimaggio in 1988, Institutional entrepreneurship has been studied by large numbers of scholars. However, the theory is generally established on the basis of mature fields rather than on emerging field. In the emerging field, Institutional entrepreneurs face fragmented resources and diverse values of the stakeholders, and institutional entrepreneurs need to connect different actors to get access to resources and obtain legitimacy identity. However, two questions remain uncertain in the current literature so far: (1) how do institutional entrepreneurs obtain the key resources needed by the changes in the field; and (2) how do organizations in the new field obtain the legitimacy identity to promote the diffusion of new practices? Institutional entrepreneurs are two kinds: the individual institutional entrepreneur and the organizational institutional entrepreneurs, both can take advantage of their networks to get resources and legitimacy. On one hand, individual actors can have resources from structure hole position or through developing relation with actors who own much social capital. In addition, individual entrepreneurs acquire legitimacy status through maintaining consistency with values of most stakeholders, linking the values of the new practice with the original field, and maintaining neutrality goal. On the other hand, organizational institutional entrepreneurs can get resource and legitimacy by developing networks with regulatory organizations, market organizations and cooperational organizations. By adopting a case study research method, this thesis tries to analyze the establishment and development of a non-profit organization namely Teach For China, whose aim is to change the unbalance of Chinese education between urban and countryside. We get data from internet websites, media report and self-observations, to see how an organization obtains resource and legitimacy from its network, and how an organization brings changes to a field by using the resource and legitimacy. It finds that resources and legitimacy play a mediating role in the relationship between networks of individual institutional entrepreneurs and organizational institutional entrepreneurs and new organizational practices. First, networks influence new practices through financial resources, social capital and formal authority. Second, networks influence new practices through legitimacy seeking at the different stages of institutional entrepreneurship and through three different levels of legitimacy (the regulative, the normative, and the cognitive legitimacy). This study integrates the ideas that both resource and legitimacy are essential to institutional entrepreneurship, and clarify the way to gain resource and legitimacy from networks. The study recognizes the intermediary role of the resources and legitimacy identity in the institutional entrepreneurs’ network and new practice relationship. It sheds light on a new direction to study the institutional entrepreneurship. Practically, the research findings suggest ways for institutional entrepreneurs to better promote new practices and conduct re-institutionalization. It helps those change agents to improve the institutional environments in a transforming society.
查看全文：	预览  下载(下载需要进行登录)