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论文编号：	5245
作者编号：	2120112402
上传时间：	2013/6/5 16:52:51
中文题目：	组织内政治行为与业绩评价研究 ——基于柯达公司的案例分析
英文题目：	Political Behavior in Organization and Performance Evaluation ——A Case Study Based on Kodak
指导老师：	程新生
中文关键字：	组织内政治行为，业绩评价，视角，案例分析
英文关键字：	Political Behavior in Organization, Performance Evaluation, Perspective, Case Study
中文摘要：	在现代市场经济中，企业追求的目标是企业价值最大化。业绩评价有助于利益相关者了解企业的发展状况，从而做出正确的战略决策，吸引潜在投资者的加入。然而业绩评价视角的选择具有一定程度的主观性，影响业绩评价的准确性。组织内政治行为是影响业绩评价视角选择的一个重要因素。 组织内政治行为包括但不限于以下几个方面：阻碍信息流通、维护自身形象、互利互惠、批评和打击他人等等。组织政治行为是普遍存在的，以往的研究多集中于组织政治行为对工作绩效、工作满意度、员工离职率以及组织公民行为的研究，很少涉及到组织内政治行为与业绩评价视角选择的影响机制。本文试图探寻组织内政治行为对业绩评价视角选择的影响，通过一系列的理论分析和案例研究，我们得出以下结论： 组织政治行为发生的原因及条件有：首先，包括个人因素及组织因素。个人因素有是否有较强的自制能力，是否是马基雅维利主义者，是否有信心政治行为能够取得成功，对组织的奉献和付出程度以及可供选择的机会的多少。组织层面主要包括组织内的资源是否会重新分配，组织内部之间互相信任程度，职责界定是否清晰，业绩评价系统是否明确以及管理者是否尽职尽责。其次，还包括其他原因：当组织内部存在不确定性因素时，组织内容易产生政治行为；组织内部各部门利益不平衡时容易引起政治行为；生命周期因素也会对政治行为产生一定的影响。 组织内政治行为的存在会导致不科学的业绩评价视角。具体来说，就是：组织内政治行为更倾向于财务视角的业绩评价体系；组织内政治行为更倾向于片面视角的业绩评价体系；组织内政治行为更倾向于短期视角的业绩评价体系。 业绩评价视角的选择不科学的原因有：企业相关利益群体过度自信；为公司树立良好形象；在行业中树立权威；完美履行受托责任；满足员工对企业发展的需要。此外，受中国传统文化的影响，在对企业一定会计期间内的经营业绩进行评价时可能会造成业绩评价体系视角选择不科学的原因有：面子比评价结果更重要；争权夺利，过于看重权力，且滥用职权。
英文摘要：	In the modern market economy, the enterprise's goal is to maximize the value of enterprises. Performance evaluation helps the stakeholders to understand the development of enterprises, so as to make the right strategic decisions, to attract potential investors. However, the choice of performance evaluation perspective has a certain degree of subjectivity, which will affect the accuracy of the performance evaluation. Political behavior in organization is one of the important factors affecting the choice of performance evaluation perspective. Political behavior includes but not limited to the following: hinder the flow of information; to maintain their own image; mutual benefit and reciprocity; criticize and attack others and so on. Political behavior in organization is widespread. Previous studies focused on organizational political behavior on job performance, job satisfaction, employee turnover and organizational citizenship behavior, rarely involves the influence mechanism of political behavior in organization and the choice of performance evaluation perspective. This paper attempts to explore the impact of political behavior in organization on the choice of performance evaluation perspective, through a series of theoretical analysis and case studies, we draw the following conclusions: The causes and conditions of political behavior: First of all, including personal and organizational factors. Personal factors include: whether there is a strong self-control, whether is the Machiavellianism, whether has the confidence that political behavior can be successful, how much of the organization's dedication and level of pay and opportunities to choose from. The organizational level mainly include: whether the organization's resources will be reallocated, the degree of mutual trust between members of the organization, whether has a clear definition of responsibility, whether the performance evaluation system is clear and whether the managers fulfill their duties. Secondly, other reasons include: when the internal uncertainty factors exist, political behavior is easy to produce; political behavior is easy to produce by the imbalance of organization internal interests; life-cycle factors will have some impact on political behavior. The existence of political behavior in the organization will lead to unscientific performance evaluation perspective. Specifically, it is: political behavior in organization prefers to performance evaluation system of financial perspective; political behavior in organization prefers to performance evaluation system of one-sided perspective; political behavior in organization prefers to performance evaluation system of short-term perspective. Causes of unscientific performance evaluation view have: the related interest groups of enterprises are overconfident; establish a good image for the company; establish authority in the industry; perfect to fulfill the fiduciary responsibility; meet the requirements of the staff of the enterprise development. In addition, affected by the traditional Chinese culture, when evaluating the results of operations in the enterprise during a certain accounting period, the choice of the performance evaluation system perspective will be unscientific caused by the following reasons: the face is more important than the results of the evaluation; the struggle for power, too much emphasis on power and abuse of power.
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