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论文编号：	492
作者编号：	043144
上传时间：	2009/1/5 21:41:51
中文题目：	面向知识共享的协同政务研究
英文题目：	The Research of the Coordinati
指导老师：	柯平
中文关键字：	协同政务体系;协同政务知识共享;
英文关键字：	Coordination E-government Syst
中文摘要：	随着政府职能的转变和电子政务应用的不断深化，以面向企业和公众服务为中心，实现政府部门间的协同政务成为当前电子政务建设最为迫切的需求。电子政务的发展与知识管理密切相关，以知识管理为核心的第三代电子政务成为电子政务发展的热点，知识日益成为约束协同政务发展的关键性因素。其一，协同政务体系的高效运作建立在各政府部门具有相容性与互补性知识的基础上，当单一政府部门在知识方面不能达到协同政务的整体性要求时，知识效用将难以发挥，协同政务必然低效；其二，知识的指数增长与知识具有的扩散效应激励着政府部门不断提高知识管理能力和水平，加强基于知识的协作，实现知识的共享、重用与增值，并实现协同政务的目标——构建虚拟政府。因此，协同政务运作从信息协同模式向知识协同模式发展成为必然。近年来，国内外学者在协同政务领域进行了有益的研究与探索，取得了一些研究成果，为协同政务实践提供了有益的理论指导。然而，目前的协同政务研究主要集中于信息协同层面，主要是从技术角度探讨参与协同政务的政务信息系统之间如何实现信息共享，从管理角度探讨参与协同政务的政府部门及公务人员之间如何进行协同的研究较少，并且两种研究角度相互割裂，尤其缺乏知识协同视角的协同政务研究。 本研究的主要目的是通过对现有研究成果的梳理，构建面向协同政务的共同语义体系，将技术角度和管理角度的面向知识共享的协同政务研究结合起来，实现协同政务中政府部门、公务员、用户及政务信息系统之间的语义互通与知识共享，为推动协同政务发展和政府知识共享实践提供理论指导。本研究以面向知识共享的协同政务为主题，运用演绎推理、文献分析、专家访谈、案例分析、系统分析、多学科综合研究等方法，对面向知识共享的协同政务体系展开研究，主要研究内容与观点如下： 首先，在吸收与借鉴国内外相关研究成果的基础上，构建面向知识共享的协同政务体系框架。在分析虚拟政府、虚拟政府知识、虚拟政府知识管理、虚拟政府知识共享等概念以及面向知识共享的协同政务需求及障碍的基础上，提出将技术角度和管理角度的协同政务知识共享研究结合起来，构建面向知识共享的协同政务体系框架。 其次，在分析语义Web服务对面向知识共享的协同政务流程集成的技术优势的基础上，构建基于语义Web服务的协同政务流程集成系统架构，具体设计基于语义Web服务的协同政务流程集成模型及其功能模块，通过协同政务审批案例验证基于语义Web服务的政务流程集成系统的可行性。 再次，在结合实际案例分析基于万维网的电子政务信息门户不足和基于语义网的协同政务知识门户优势的基础上，运用语义Web 服务技术设计协同政务门户，阐述实现语义Web服务的基础设施和构建本体概念模型的工具与方法。 最后，针对协同环境中的组织环境，提出面向知识共享的协同政务组织保障。探讨了面向知识共享的协同政务的政府组织结构，保障协同政务知识共享的政府组织信任机制、政府组织学习机制、政府组织文化，目的是构建协同政务知识共享的“软”环境。这样才能将技术角度和管理角度的协同政务知识共享研究结合起来，实现电子政务知识协同的“硬”环境与“软”环境的统一。 本研究的创新之处在于： 第一，提出面向知识共享的协同政务体系框架。在阐述面向语义的协同政务体系中的智能体以及由智能体构成的知识协同网、协同环境等概念的基础上，提出由知识协同网与协同环境共同构成了面向知识共享的协同政务体系。 第二，构建面向知识共享的协同政务流程集成系统。借助于先进的语义Web服务技术具体设计了面向知识共享的协同政务流程集成系统体系结构和各个功能模块。 第三，设计了面向知识共享的协同政务门户框架。运用语义Web服务和本体技术构建了面向知识共享的协同政务门户系统架构，提出了构建本体概念模型的工具与方法，为协同政务中前台和后台各层次的语义互通和知识共享提供了必要的技术平台。 面向知识共享的协同政务研究是一项有现实意义的探索。面向知识共享的协同政务体现以人为本的思想，以政府公务员之间及其与用户之间的知识协同为核心，强调基于语义的政务流程集成和政府门户的知识共享，是当前协同政务发展的最高阶段。面向知识共享的协同政务通过智能化的政府管理和公共服务系统，促进政府向服务型、知识型政府转变。
英文摘要：	With the transformation of the function of the government, as well as the sustained deepening application of the electronic government, the most urgent requirement of the electronic government is to achieve the coordination E-government among the departments of government under the condition of enterprises and public service-driven. The development of electronic government is closely related to knowledge management. Knowledge management at the core of the third generation of the development of electronic government has become a hot topic. Knowledge is increasingly becoming the key factor that bound coordination E-government. Firstly, the efficient operation of the coordination government system is based on the compatibility and the complementarity among the departments of the government. When a single government department cannot meet the holistic requirement of the coordinated government in the aspect of knowledge, the knowledge effect cannot be brought into play and subsequently lead to the low efficiency of the coordinated E-government. Secondly, the exponential increase of knowledge and spread effect of knowledge inspired the government departments continue to raise the level and competence of knowledge management, in order to enhance the cooperation which based on knowledge and to achieve the sharing, reusing and value-adding of knowledge. Therefore, as for the operation of coordination E-government, it is sure that it will change from the information coordination model into the knowledge coordination model. In the recent years, both the domestic and the foreign scholars did useful research in the field of the coordination E-government. Their obtainings provide theoretical direction for the practical coordination government. However, the recent research of the coordination government focuses mainly on the level of the information coordination. As for how to share the information among the government information system that participates in the coordination government, their discussions are mainly in the sight of the technology. When talking about how to do the coordinations among the government departments and officials who participate in the coordination E-government, not much attention has been paid on the view of the aspect of management. Furthermore, the two research points of view have been separated from each other, especially lacking of the research from the view of knowledge coordination. The main purposes of this study are the following: based on the previous researches, constructing the common semantic system which oriented coordination E-government; combining the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing from both the technological and the managerial aspects, and achieving the semantic communication and sharing knowledge among government departments, officials, users and information system of government. In order to enhance the development of the coordination E-government and share the government knowledge. The theme of this study is the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing. By applying some research methods including the method of deductive reasoning, literature analysis, expert interview, case analysis, systems analysis and multi-disciplinary comprehensive research, this paper develop the research on the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing. The main research content and perspective are as follows: Firstly, it constructed a framework of the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing. On the basis of analysising of the virtual government, the knowledge of virtual government, the knowledge management of virtual government, the knowledge sharing of virtual government, the needs and obstacles of the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing, Furthermore, it combined the coordination E-government knowledge sharing from both the technological and the managerial aspects to construct the framework of the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing. Secondly, on the basis of analysising technological advantage of Semantic Web Services for the process integrated model of the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing, the study design the system framework of the process integrated on the basis of applying the Semantic Web Services. By testing the cases of the coordination E-government, the feasibility of this system is proved. Thirdly, on the basis of analysising the lack of e-government portal based World Wide Web and the advantages of coordination e-government knowledge portal based Semantic Web combining the actual case studies of home and abroad, using Semantic Web Services to design the knowledge portal for coordination E-government. Specified the infrastructure of realizing Semantic Web Services, and the methods of ontology conceptual model are constructed. Finally, according to organizational environment in the cooperative environment, the organization mechanism of the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing is put forward. It discussed mainly about organization structure, government organization trust mechanism, learning mechanism, organization culture of the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing. By doing these above, to construct a “soft environment” of the knowledge sharing of the coordination E-government and further to achieve the combination of the “hard environment” and soft environment of the coordination E-government. The innovations of the studies are listed as follows: Firstly, a framework of the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing is put forward. Based on the agent in the system of the coordination E-government and the coordination knowledge net consist of the agent and also the coordination environment. Formulated the system of the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing consist of the coordination knowledge networks and cooperative environment constitute together. Secondly, the study constructed the process integrated model of the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing. The structure of the process integrated system of the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing is designed by means of advanced Semantic Web Services. By testing the cases of the coordination E-government, the technology advantage of this system is proved. Thirdly, the study design the portal system of the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing. The structure of the portal system of the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing is constructed by means of advanced Semantic Web Services and ontology technology. It supplied necessary technology platform for semantic intercommunication and knowledge sharing among the foreground and background in each layer. The research of the coordination E-government oriented knowledge sharing is an exploration that has practical significance. The coordination E-government of the sharing knowledge is human-oriented. The core is the coordination knowledge among the officials and also between the officials and users. To emphasize the sharing of the knowledge which is based on the web services and the government. This is the highest stage of development of the coordination E-government. By means of the intelligent government management and the public services system of the knowledge sharing of the coordination E-government, the government will change the service-type and the knowledge-type.
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