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论文编号：	4772
作者编号：	2120102609
上传时间：	2012/12/11 15:23:12
中文题目：	我国乘用车制造物流中开展循环集货的研究
英文题目：	STUDY ON MILK-RUN IN CHNESE AUTOMOBILE MANUFACTURING LOGISTICS
指导老师：	武立东
中文关键字：	物流成本,第三方物流,循环集货
英文关键字：	Logistics cost,3rd party logistics company,Milk-run
中文摘要：	循环集货的概念，源自英文词汇milk-run。该词字面意思描述了送奶工给若干用户送奶并回收空奶瓶的过程。而在乘用车零部件物流中应运循环集货的发运方式正好与送奶工的工作流程相反。即到供应商处取货时留下空容器，把装满货物的容器带走。循环集货可以定义为，卡车按照既定的路线和时间依次到不同的供应商处收取货物, 同时卸下上一次收走货物的空容器,并最终将所有货物送到汽车整车生产商仓库或生产线的一种公路运输方式。对于某一个汽车整车生产商来讲，会有十几条甚至上百条的循环集货路线，投入运营的车辆按照每日整车生产计划持续地进行零部件的运输。该运输方式适用于小批量，多频次的中短距离运输要求。该运输方式降低了汽车整车企业的零部件库存，降低了物流运输成本，减少了缺货甚至停线的风险。从而使整车生产商及其供应商的综合物流成本下降。本文首先通过对循环集货的内在机理进行剖析，分析了它的运作实质，比较了它和传统的供应商直接送货方式的优缺点，并重点讲述了循环集货对库存成本、运输成本、管理成本的影响。之后，本文通过讲解循环集货的线路规划设计、数据准备、运作流程、职责分工及评估标准，阐述了循环集货如何进行开展。最后，以上海通用公司对本地供应商生产的零部件实行JIT采购为例，讲述了循环集货的开展状况。上海通用实行了循环集货的方式，聘请一家第三方物流提供商，由其设计配送路线，根据上海通用每日的需求，到不同供应商处取货，再直接送到上海通用。由于统一了供货的管理，上海通用在零部件的物流运输成本方面下降了30%。本文希望该研究可以为有降低运输成本要求的乘用车制造厂提供系统的循环集货运作指导，同时对即将开展这一运输方式的各企业组织提供必要操作信息。
英文摘要：	The word of milk-run is an English vocabulary. And it means the delivery way of the operator who responsible for sends the milk to the customer and collect the empty bottle. However, the milk-run process of automobile is opposite to the milk delivery. The 3rd party transportation company leaves the empty containers when they fetch goods, and then brings the fully loaded containers. Milk-run in automobile transportation field can be defined as bellow. The truck goes to the different suppliers’ plants base on the fixed route and time, and unloads the empty containers which fetched last time, and at last the truck will unload all suppliers’ goods in the customer. There will be more than ten or even hundreds milk-run route for one automobile company. The trucks transport the goods depend on the vehicle production plan. This way is suitable for small batch and frequent transportation. It reduces the goods stock in the company and save the transportation cost. And it minimizes the risk of out of stock and line down. This article will analysis the principle of milk-run, include the process, the advantage and disadvantage. And emphasize the effect of milk-run on inventory cost, transportation cost and administration cost. Then, the article analysis how to design the route, prepares the database, run the process, describe the responsibility and assess the project. At last, the JIT and milk-run in SGM illustrate its success. In order to make improvement, SGM invite a 3rd party logistics supplier design the route, fetch goods and delivery to SGM accord the SGM requirement. Thanks to milk-run, the cost of goods transportation in SGM decline 30%. Hope this research can direct the companies which want to reduce their transportation cost, and provide the necessary information to the corporations which will do milk-run.
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