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论文编号：	4756
作者编号：	2120102721
上传时间：	2012/12/11 13:53:42
中文题目：	基于中小企业分类的财税政策研究
英文题目：	Research of Fiscal and Tax Policy Based on Classification of SMEs
指导老师：	张玉利
中文关键字：	财税政策 全球创业观察
英文关键字：	Necessity-driven SME Opportunity-driven SME Global Entrepreneurship Monitor
中文摘要：	摘要市政工程设计行业，是典型的智力和知识并存的服务型行业，对于国家的经济建设起着至关重要的作用，我国的市政工程设计起步比较晚，但是发展事态迅猛，潜力无限。我国在2008年加入世贸组织后，国外优秀企业的涌入，市场的重新划分，对于每个行业、每个企业都是一个巨大的冲击，企业要想长久地生存并且不断的壮大，就必须合理的配置资源，开拓新市场，并培养强大的竞争力。随着市场的国际化，原先的国企必须转变经营管理方式，深化和推进国际化管理模式。政府投资的项目的管理方式已经发生了一定的变化，为了适应市场的变化，市政工程设计企业也逐步打破旧行业垄断模式，开始研究战略管理，为了适应环境的变化，利用自身的优势抵抗外部的威胁，制定切合实际的发展模式，有利于企业长久的发展下去，而且这也是全球一体化发展必然结果。本文针对市场的变化，结合天津城建设计院的实际情况，对天津城建设计院的发展战略的制定和实施进行了详细的分析研究。 本文首先回顾了企业战略管理的概念和企业战略管理理论的发展历程，其次论述了企业战略种类的理论知识。运用企业战略管理的有关理论，采用案例分析的方法来研究，针对天津城建设计院的实际情况，将宏观问题微观化来处理，分析了天津城建设计院现在存在的实际问题，并且通过PEST有效分析了企业所在的外部宏观环境、波特的五种力量竞争模型分析了企业内部所面临的危机，SWOT分析了企业如何面对自身的优劣势，扬长避短，如何应对外部环境的机遇与威胁。为本企业制定可实施的切合实际的 “13351”基本发展战略方向：紧紧围绕“转变发展方式、应对市场挑战”这一主线，兼顾产业链条，促进新的三大板块（传统施工产业、基础设施投资、房地产及相关产业）均衡协调发展。要确保今后市场开发的龙头地位，以拓展专业园区基础设施市场为重点，增强市场拓展和应变能力；实施设计引领、投资拉动、施工跟进战略、全力推进设计施工一体化、投资建设一体化；坚持把差异化发展、扁平化管理、精细化管控思想贯穿于各项工程之中；抓好市场开发、工程建设、资质完善、内部治理和自主创新等重点工作；以振奋精神、攻坚破难为着力点，加强内部员工执行力建设，为实现全年工作目标提供坚强保证。以及天津城建设计院的发展战略，差异化战略、区域化战略、多元化战略，随后拟定了为了保证天津城建设计院的发展战略目标的实现需要采取的措施和手段来保障战略的实施。本文的研究对天津城建设计院的发展有一定的参考价值，对同行的同性质企业的发展也有一定借鉴作用。但是企业的战略要与环境相适应，再完善的战略也不能帮助企业长久地发展下去，战略应该随环境的变化不断的变化的，应该是动态的，制定战略后，要对战略实时监控，接受反馈的问题，不断的改进、更新、优化，以便适应新环境下企业的发展。由于笔者才疏学浅，对企业的研究也有一定的局限性，所以本文指定的战略目标具有一定的时间性、阶段性，企业在长期发展过程中，根据环境局态的发展，还需要不断的制定新的战略。 关键词：天津城建设计院，发展战略，核心竞争力
英文摘要：	Abstract Infrastructure engineering industry is the coexistence of typical intelligence and knowledge of the service industry plays a vital role for the country's economic construction. Infrastructure engineering design starts quite late, but rapidly developments with unlimited potential. China's accession to the WTO in 2008, which leads to the influx of foreign outstanding enterprises and the redrawing of the market, is a huge impact for every industry and business. Enterprises are to struggle to survive for long and the growing strength, it must make sure that the allocation of resources are reasonable, and to open up new markets, and develop strong competitiveness. With the globalization of markets, the former state-owned enterprises must transition management methods, deepen and promote international management mode. Management of government investment projects have to be occurred some changes in order to adapt to changes in the market, infrastructure engineering design enterprises gradually breaking the old industry monopoly mode and began to study the strategic management, in order to adapt to changes in the environment. The use of their advantages to resist external threat, developing a realistic model of development is conducive to develop business for a long time, and this is also the development of globalization inevitable result. In this paper, the changes in the market, combined with the actual situation and carry out a detailed analysis of the research, development and implementation of the development strategy of Tianjin Urban Construction Design Institute of Tianjin Urban Construction Design Institute. This paper first reviews the course of development of the concept of corporate strategic management and corporate strategic management theory, followed by exposition of the theoretical knowledge of the types of corporate strategy. Usage of corporate strategic management theory, case analysis method to study the actual situation of Tianjin Urban Construction Design Institute, the macro problem microscopic processing, and analysis of practical problems Tianjin Urban Construction Design Institute, and through effective PEST analysis enterprises where external macro environment, Porter's five forces competitive model analysis of the internal facing crisis, SWOT analysis of opportunities and threats to enterprise how to face their own strengths and weaknesses, weaknesses, how to deal with the external environment. Oriented companies develop realistic "13351" basic development of the strategic direction of implementation: tightly around the "transformation of development mode, and respond to market challenges," the main line, taking into account the industry chain, to promote a new three plates (traditional construction industries and infrastructure balanced and coordinated development of infrastructure investment, real estate and related industries). To ensure the leading position in the future market development, to expand professional park infrastructure market as the focus, enhanced marketing and resilience, the implementation of the design is to lead to the stimulation of investment, construction follow-up strategy, efforts to promote the integration of design and construction, investment and construction integration; adhere to the different development, the flat management, fine control of thinking among the various projects; grasp the market development, engineering, construction, improve qualification, the focus of internal governance and independent innovation; storming break cannot do anything to boost morale, focus point, the implementation of capacity building to strengthen internal staff to provide a strong guarantee for the realization of the annual work objectives. As well as the development strategy of Tianjin Urban Construction Design Institute, differentiation strategy, regionalization strategy, diversification strategy, and the subsequent preparation of the measures need to be taken in order to ensure the realization of the strategic objectives of the development of Tianjin Urban Construction Design Institute and the means to guarantee the implementation of the strategy. This research paper based on the development of Tianjin Urban Construction Design Institute certain reference value, explain a certain reference counterparts with the nature of the development of enterprises. Corporate strategy to be compatible with the environment, then a sound strategy to help enterprises to develop long strategy should constantly change with the changes in the environment should be dynamic, strategize, to the strategy real-time monitoring, accepted feedback, continuous improvement, updating, optimization, in order to adapt to the development of enterprises in the new environment. Research enterprise also has some limitations as the knowledge limited, yet the timing of certain strategic objectives specified in the respect of the stage, the enterprise in the long-term development process, according to the state of development of the Environment Bureau also need to continue to develop new strategy. Key Words：TUCDI，Development strategy ，Core competitiveness
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