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论文编号：	4538
作者编号：	2120092688
上传时间：	2012/6/14 22:26:40
中文题目：	我国商业银行国际结算业务操作风险研究——以工商银行为例
英文题目：	The Operational Risks Research in International Settlement Business of Chinese Commercial Banks--ICBC as an example
指导老师：	肖沂
中文关键字：	商业银行;国际结算业务;操作风险;防范措施
英文关键字：	Commercial banks;International settlement business;Operational risks;Defensive measures
中文摘要：	伴随中国成功加入WTO，众多实力雄厚、技术先进的外资银行纷纷抢占中国金融市场份额，中国经济与世界经济逐渐融为一体，金融开放的步伐日益加快。防范金融风险，特别是防范国际结算业务操作风险已成为商业银行综合经营能力的一个重要课题，提升国际结算业务操作风险防范质量的任务尤为艰巨。回顾银行风险监控不力的成因，除经济环境等多方面的客观因素外，从银行自身主观方面的角度来说，针对各类银行金融业务产品在实务操作环节中可能产生的风险点所制定的控制措施的执行失误或失准不能不说是一个主要因素，特别是对于国际结算业务而言，由于其与国际贸易背景有着十分密切的联系，在业务处理过程中不可避免地产生各种各样的纠纷。纵观当今世界上有影响力的商业银行，均拥有庞大的、专业化的风险防范分析队伍和健全的预测分析体系，与之相比，我国商业银行的风险防范体系存在着较大的差距，目前基本上还处于提升分析效能、健全分析体系和创建品牌阶段。自上世纪90年代开始，由于国家政策的改革，放松了对金融企业的管制，也促进了我国金融产业全球化的发展。各大国有银行业务品种不断创新增多，同时带动相关信息技术飞速发展。但是，这种大环境的改变也对我国商业银行在国际业务方面提出了新的挑战，特别是操作风险的不断攀升，需求国际银行业和国内监管当局投入更多精力，重视操作风险的监督和管理。目前，我国商业银行在经营过程中不断暴露操作风险的隐患，客观上要求银行从自身的规章制度和实践中加强监管。为应对国内外日益激烈的金融市场环境和人民群众所需的金融服务，提供国际结算业务是在这些金融服务当中最重要的服务。无论在我国还是在其他国家，在银行业务中，国际结算业务已成为操作风险日益显著的银行业务。也就是说，一个现代商业银行国际结算业务质量的优劣，对其经营的好坏乃至生存发展，都起着非常重要的作用。由于操作风险所带来的经济等多方面损失位居当今银行业风险损失的第二位，因此在重视商业银行信用风险和市场风险的同时，操作风险也受到银行业和监管机构越来越多的关注。对操作风险防范措施的不断完善，已成为当今银行业的重要挑战。精准、合理地明确操作风险定义是对构建完善的、有效的操作风险防范措施的先决条件。操作风险的控制能力和管理水平的提高，有助于商业银行的平稳运作，有助于储户权益的合理维护，有助于商业银行竞争力的提升。现阶段，我国商业银行对于操作风险防范的研究工作仍然处于起步阶段，管理的精细化程度还有待于提高。加强操作风险防范，既符合银行自身发展，也满足国内统一监管；加强操作风险防范不仅是为了防范风险，也是为了规避声誉风险，打造核心竞争力，提升品牌的有效手段之一。在经济全球化大发展的今天，在市场经济体制逐步完善的今天，我国商业银行操作风险的薄弱环节也逐渐凸现出来。操作风险作为一个独立的概念被系统地提出，表明操作风险管理的地位已经上升到和信用风险管理与市场风险管理同等重要的地步，操作风险管理正在作为一个必要部分被纳入到银行的全面风险管理体系中。我国金融业对于商业银行操作风险防范领域的研究缺乏系统性、较为零散，而且大多数文献以理论为主，缺乏对案例进行深入的探讨研究，具有理论指导、借鉴意义的成果不多。在我的研究中发现，“虽然操作风险涉及商业银行的众多操作领域，风险事件存在不确定性、偶发性、突发性，但是对于操作风险的控制管理并不是没有规律可循。”其根本在于是要透过现象找出本质，就可以总结归纳出操作风险管理的基本规律。只要我们具备足够的风险意识，制定好详细的管理流程、协调好各个环节间的协作关系且对于所有员工强调职业操守的重要性，风险管理并非一纸空谈。本文将在系统论述我国商业银行操作风险管理现状的基础上，充分结合自身的实际工作经验，使用个案研究法，选择工商银行作为调查对象进行深入分析研究。在我国商业银行当前飞速发展的形势下，银行监管部门不断强调如何面对日益严峻的外部形势，提高对操作风险的研究深度。可是基层部门及人员的风险防范意识的缺失以及流程和制度的缺陷，要求我们从树立企业文化开始，多角度全方位地研究当前各个层面和环节存在的问题。在日常具体的工作过程中，总是感觉现行的操作风险防范体系与具体工作相脱节，不知如何下手，因此选定有关操作风险防范的问题作为我的毕业论文选题。本文对具体案例进行分析，同时结合本人在银行多年的从业经验对操作风险评估的方法进行了完善和改进，并将其运用到实际的业务中去。现阶段，我国商业银行国际结算业务操作风险管理体制、评估团队的构成、操作环节和评估方法等方面都存在着一定问题和缺陷，本文将从上述几个方面入手，充分结合自己的实际工作经验，对业务处理过程中存在的国际结算业务操作风险和防范措施等方面都提出了详尽的工作意见、建议和改进措施，同时更深入地从科学性和客观性的角度提升了日常业务处理质量，理顺管理脉络，为商业银行的领导者更好地提供科学的、全面的决策依据，减少领导层的决策性失误，加强对国际结算业务操作风险的认识及掌控能力。国际业务所涉及的范围十分广泛，不仅包括金融理论、财务管理理论、投资学等学科，还涵盖管理学、营销学、组织行为学等理论。
英文摘要：	With China's successful accession to WTO, a number of powerful, technologically advanced foreign banks have been seizing the Chinese financial market and China's economy being gradually integrated into the world economy, with the increasingly accelerated pace of financial liberalization. For commercial banks, preventing financial risks, especially the operational risks in international settlement business have become a significant concern in their comprehensive management capacity, with the biggest challenge being the enhancement of operational risk defense in international settlement business. A review of the causes of poor bank risks monitoring shows that besides various objective factors such as the economic environments, commercial banks also have themselves to blame, with the main cause being errors or accuracy loss in the implementation of control measures defending against possible risks in the practice of various banking and financial services and products, especially in terms of international settlement business, which easily invites various kinds of disputes in processing due to its close relation to international trading environments. In today's world, every influential commercial bank has a large, professional risk defending and analyzing team and a sound system for prediction and analysis. In contrast, the risk defensive system of China's commercial banks is far from perfect and still remains at the stage of enhancing its analysis performance, developing a sound analysis system and establishing its own brand. Since the 90's last century, because of the national policy reform, domestic financial enviroment has deregulating financial enterprise's control and promoting the industry globalization.Major state-owned bank innovated business products, and promoted the rapid development of information technology.However, the changes in the environment brought new challenges for China's commercial banks in the international business. Especially for the part of operation risk, the demand from international banking and domestic regulatory authorities paid more attention to supervision and management.At present, in the process of develoment China's commercial banks is exposing more operation risks and strengthening the supervision. In order to satisfy the increasing domestic and international environment and financial services, international settlement business has become one of the most important services.Whether in China or in other countries, international settlement business has also become the prominent banking operational risk in the banking business.That is to say, the international settlement business in a modern commercial bank plays a very important role. As loss brought by the operation risk has banking the second, operational risk has been given attention from the regulatory agencies.Better, accurate and clear definition of operation risk is the base of risk measures.The improvement of management contributes to the operation of the commercial banks, depositors the interests of depositors and promots the competition of commercial banks. At this stage, China's commercial banks are still at the initial stage of risk protection and management is still to be improved.Strengthening operation risk prevention meets the satisfaction of supervision.Strengthening the operational risk is not only to protect against the risk, but also to avoid the risk.Under the development of economic globalization, the economy system is gradually improving and the commercial bank operating risk weak is gradually emerging. As an independent concept, operational risk is presented that the operational risk management has risen to the status,being as important as the credit risk and the market risk.The operational risk is necessary as a part in a comprehensive risk management system. Research for operational risk in China's financial industry is the lack of the systematic theory. The literature to be shown is also the lack of guidance meaning. In my study, "although the operation risk of commercial bank involves many aspects, such as uncertainty, sporadic, sudden, but operational risk management is not without rules." Its fundamental is to find out the essence through the phenomenon.We can summarize the basic rules form operation risk management. As long as we have enough risk consciousness with better management process and cooperation relationship in all employees, risk management would achieve to a new step. This article will discuss the system of operational risk management based on the current situation.Combining with the working experience and case study method, industrial and Commercial Bank of China is choosen as an object of investigation.With the rapid development, the banking regulatory bureau is continuing to emphasize the increasingly severe. Establishing the enterprise culture from the beginning and analysing the problems from all-aroud. This article concretes case analysis, combined with working experience in the bank for many years, provides the defensive measures which applied to the businesses.At the present stage, the commercial bank of international settlement operational risk management system, assessment team composition, operation process and evaluation methods exist some problems and deficiencies.From the above memtioned points, this article integrates the work experience in the process of the international settlement business operation measures under the formsof opinions, suggestions and improvement measures.At the same time, from the angle of scientific and objective, this article is better to perfect business processing quality, to straighten administrative, to provide better decision-making, and to improve the international settlement operational risk management ability. Nowadays, certain problems and deficiencies exist in the working procedure, the defensive system and the control measures against operational risks in the international settlement business of commercial banks in China. This thesis starts its analysis from the above-mentioned aspects, combines the author’s practical experience and raises detailed suggestions and improvement measures concerning the operational risks and control measures in international settlement business processing. Meanwhile, this thesis is intended to promote the processing quality of routine practice in a scientific and objective way, achieve a more organized management, and provide better, more scientific and all-round decision-making basis for leaders of commercial banks so as to eliminate errors in management decisions and enhance the understanding and control over operational risks in international settlement business. International banking operations are diversely related, involving financial theories, financial management theories, investment principles as well as the science of management, marketing, organizational behavioral science, etc.
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