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论文编号：	421
作者编号：	2120062197
上传时间：	2008/6/11 9:36:39
中文题目：	基于层次分析法的我国中小企业信
英文题目：	Ahp-based Study on The Credit
指导老师：	黄福广教授
中文关键字：	中小企业、信用评级、层次分析法
英文关键字：	SMEs(Small and Medium Enterpri
中文摘要：	我国中小企业迅猛发展，其作为市场经济中最具生机与活力的群体，已经成为我国经济增长的重要动力之一，在诸多方面都发挥着不可替代的作用。然而长期以来，中小企业的发展也受到了很多因素的困扰，其中最大的困难就是融资难，而造成中小企业融资难的主要原因之一就是中小企业的信用缺失及信用评级体系的欠缺。在市场经济条件下，“信用”与经济活动紧密相连，日渐成为经济活动链中不可缺少的一环。而我国信用评级行业起步晚，规范程度低，水平相对落后，尤其是缺少适用于中小企业的资信评级体系。因此，开展针对中小企业特征的信用评级方法研究，具有重要的理论和现实意义。 本文的主要研究内容就是设计适用于中小企业的信用评级方法，以此为解决中小企业融资提供思路。本文在对资信评级领域相关理论、方法进行较为系统的理论研究的基础上，对国内外资信评级现状、评级运用的主要方法、评级等级设置等方面进行了分析、比较、借鉴；而后对我国中小企业的自身特点、发展现状、信用特征、信用评级现状等方面进行了分析、研究。在上述研究基础上，将重点放在如何构建一套符合中国国情的中小企业资信评级体系。文中通过调查得出能够影响到中小企业信用等级的因素；在设计指标体系时，借鉴了国际经验，突出强调中小企业的发展现状以及与投资人之间信息不对称等问题，调整了资信评级体系结构，平衡了企业各方面素质的权重，相对的增加了对定性指标（如：企业素质、产品竞争能力、市场营销等）的分析。在确定指标权重时，本文选用了层次分析法，着重阐述了基于层次分析法的思想、步骤。而后利用ExpertChoice分析软件作为工具，采取定性与定量相结合的方式，对中小企业采用层次分析法的可行性进行了深入的分析。 最后，以一家中小企业为例，根据该企业的数据资料，通过上述设计的指标和方法对该企业进行信用评级，检验了本文设计的指标和方法。结论认为层次分析法在应用于中小企业信用评级的情况下，比较以往评级体系更客观、更完善、更适用，取得了良好的实际效果。
英文摘要：	As a group with most vitality and energy, Small and Medium Enterprises（SMEs） have become to be an important driving force in the economic development in China and to play essential roles in various aspect with their rapid development. However, during a long time, SMEs undergo many difficulties, in which the biggest is the financing, and wherein one of the prime causes that result in the difficulties for the SMEs to acquire financing is the lack of the credit of SMEs and the lack of the system of the credit rating. A credit is connected with the economic activities tightly and becomes an essential stage in the economic chain under the market economy conditions, whereas the credit rating which started later has low standardization and low level in China, especially, lacking of the credit rating system for the SMEs. Therefore, to design a credit rating method suit for the SMEs has important academic and practical meaning. Based on the substantially systematic study on the related theories and methods in credit rating field, the paper analyzes and compares the current state of credit rating, the main method of credit rating, and the rating level settings between China and overseas. And then, the paper draws lessons from the results, thereby, it studies and analyzers the features, the current development conditions, the characters of credit and the current state of credit rating. Based on the study aforementioned, it is viewed a key how to constitute a credit rating system for the SMEs which is appropriate for the conditions of China. The paper obtains the factors that influence the credit level of the SMEs by inspecting. When designing the specific system, it draws lessons from the international experiences. Thus, it highlights the development condition of the SMEs, the Information asymmetry between investors, and so on. And it adjusts the architecture of credit rating system, puts the various qualities of enterprises into balance and relatively increases the analysis on quantity specifics, such as quality of enterprises, competitive strength of products and marketing strategies, etc. When determining the weighty of the specifics, the paper adopts the Analytic Hierarchy Process and describes the ideas and the steps based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process in great details. And then, with the aids of the Expert Choice, it thoroughly analyzes the possibility to put the SMEs into the Analytic Hierarchy Process system using the combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. At the end of the paper, by means of an example, it acquires a credit level of the enterprise with the specifics and methods designed in the prior chapter according to the data of the enterprise and to the five aspects which influence the credit state of SMEs, to verify the specifics and methods the paper designs. In conclusion, in the SMEs’ credit rating field, Analytic Hierarchy Process is more impersonal, more compatible than the other metods.
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