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论文编号：	415
作者编号：	2120052305
上传时间：	2008/6/5 22:40:25
中文题目：	非正式制度对中小民营企业成长的
英文题目：	Research on informal instituti
指导老师：	张玉利
中文关键字：	非正式制度;关系文化;信息特征;<
英文关键字：	informal institutions;relation
中文摘要：	经过近三十年的发展，民营企业已经成为国民经济的重要支柱，但仍然存在成长困境和诸多管理问题。我国民营企业绝大多数是中小企业，且生存周期短是客观事实，民营企业经营环境差、管理混乱的情况仍然存在，国家出台的相关民营企业扶持政策，以及众多管理理论在改善民营企业成长环境和解决管理问题方面收效并不尽如人意。针对这些问题，本文通过分析非正式制度因素，包括特殊主义的人际信任关系、“低文本文化”与信息特征、道德与诚信的缺失等对中小民营企业成长环境和内部管理问题的潜在影响，揭示出问题背后存在的隐性障碍因素，指出正式法规和管理制度需要与之相适应的非正式制度的支撑，认识和关注人情意识浓厚、遵法守约意识淡薄、信任及道德诚信的缺乏等非正式制度因素对于中小民营企业成长环境和规范管理的制约及负面影响，采取相应措施，加强社会法制和信用观念的建设，培养人们遵法守约的意识和行为习惯，建立与国情人文特征相适应的企业文化，采用内部经理人机制等管理方式，对于解决目前中小企业面临的管理混乱、市场经营秩序差、融资困难等内外部问题有着重要意义和作用。并且，进一步提出随着信息经济的快速发展，新的创业和企业经营模式的出现，非正式制度的“软约束力”对企业和经济发展将起到越来越重要的作用，以人为本的管理更加需要以良好的人文道德理念和经济伦理为基础。
英文摘要：	After thirty years’growth, private enterprises have been one of the most important pillar of Chinese economic. But there still exist many growing and management problems. Most Chinese private enterprises are small and medium companies, it is objective that the life time of these companies is very short. The running environment and managing status of these companies are still not so good. The government has carried out a series aiding policies and regulations to help private enterprises to overcome these difficulties, the management academic circles has pay much attention to the small and medium enterprises and proposed many articles to direct these companies to solve their management problem. But these aids and efforts do not achieve very good effect as expected. This article try to reveal the hidden obstacles behind these issues through analyzing the informal constraints including Particularism relationship, “low context culture” and information feature of low normalization, lack of morality and credibility, which has negative effects on the management problems and developing environment of small and medium private enterprises. The article point out that the formal institutions need the supporting of informal institutions, it is important to acknowledge and pay attention to the informal constraints and their negative effects, and relevant measurements should be taken to enhance the formal institution authority and performance, educate people and accustom them to behavior regulated by law, establish organization culture which is suitable to the traditional customs, construct insider and internal manager administration mechanism. These measurements will help private enterprises to overcome the obstacles caused by the negative influence of informal constraints and solve the exterior and interior problems. With the repaid developing of information economic, the “soft constraints” of informal institutions will has more and more influence on economic and enterprises management. “people-oriented” management needs a strong basis of good social morality and economic ethic.
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