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论文编号：	3894
作者编号：	2120092508
上传时间：	2011/12/2 15:28:54
中文题目：	DFS公司设备采购流程优化研究
英文题目：	Research on DFS Equipment Purchasing Process Optimization
指导老师：	程莉莉
中文关键字：	设备采购;流程优化;采购管理
英文关键字：	Equipment Purchasing;Process optimization;Purchasing management
中文摘要：	摘 要 全球经济一体化和行业竞争的日益激烈化使企业面临一系列的挑战，在竞争中，每个企业都必须选择好自己的战略并在实际中通过一系列的行动来贯彻保证自己的战略成功。低成本战略的公司要想尽一切办法实现成本节约，差异化战略的公司要不断的推出多功能，高质量的产品，确保自己在市场中的地位。同时，面对更加激烈的市场，差异化战略的企业也要降低成本，并加快推出新产品和新技术的速度,占领市场并继续扩大市场份额，只有这样才能立足于全球经济之林。而要实现这个目标，作为企业中对新产品，新技术贡献巨大的设备采购起到了重大的作用。同时，由于过去对设备采购的不重视也导致了在这个方面存在着管理的缺陷。在新形势下，要实现企业发展，我们必须重视设备采购的作用，并对现在的采购流程进行优化，使之适应现代企业发展的需要。本文中，作者主要研究在新的市场竞争环境下，对DFS公司现有的设备采购流程通过分析其弊端和问题点进而提出流程优化的解决方案。 作者首先介绍了DFS公司坐在的生产制造业的发展趋势，阐述了制造业的发展的根本点在于不断降低企业的生产成本和运营成本，并加快推出新产品，新技术来尽快进入市场，赚取最大的利润。作者通过一系列的分析和调查指出了丹佛斯设备采购流程中存在的问题。并提出采购流程优化对企业重要性和巨大的作用，并阐述了设备采购流程优化给企业带来的益处和潜在的机会。 在整篇文章的论证中，作者首先引经据典，回顾了相关的供应链管理，国内相关研究的优点和不足以及流程优化的理论。并介绍了DFS公司设备采购目前的现状，同时阐述了新环境下采购管理模式必须适应市场的变化。然后作者介绍了设备采购的特殊性，主要从工作人员，采购范围和项目性几个方面进行了详细的阐述。作者还对DFS现有的设备采购流程的问题进行详细的归纳和分析，指出了DFS公司目前的采购流程存在着管理确实，权责不明，文件缺乏规范性等问题。针对这些问题，并对流程优化的动因从内部原因和外部原因进行了深入的分析和研究。在分析动因之后，提出了在面临内部压力和外部市场竞争特别是在竞争变得更加剧烈的情况下，DFS公司必须进行内部流程的再造和改变，才能轻装上阵，适应市场针对变化和要求并在自己的竞争领域内击败对手，扩大市场份额。 然后，作者对设备采购流程优化设定了成本，风险，时间，增值等几个目标。并就流程优化的选择给出了自己的建议，提出了要从采购逻辑，主体和方式几个方面进行优化。针对上文提出的设备采购流程优化的目标和原则，作者从采购操作流程，采购审批流程，采购绩效考核流程三个方面进行了优化。在这部分，作者重点介绍了原有设备采购流程的步骤，并详细分析了每一个采购流程中存在着的管理的问题和弊端。通过对公司内部程序的调查，深入的思考加以科学的分析找出解决问题的关键，提出了一个全新的操作流程。新的流程和旧的流程比起来，强化了设备采购人员在其中的作用，给设备采购流程在原有骨架的基础上，增添了商业的精神和采购的智慧。使整个采购从原来完全跟着工程师的意愿走，变成由采购和工程师双方共同参与共同决定来签订最后的合同。把简单粗糙的技术行为变成考虑周全的商业行为，并在有效的商业文件保证之下，整个操作流程的优化非常合理并结构清晰。并且，作者文章中还详细介绍了新流程中必须具备的几个条件，明确和供应商之间的权利和义务，这样就避免了未来和供应商之间不必要的麻烦。 为了适应设备采购操作流程的变化，作者还就设备采购流程的审批以及绩效考核两个方面进行了详细的阐述，并介绍了之前审批存在的问题和对新的设备采购操作流程的不适应性。根据详细调查研究，参考公司内部意见，作者制定了新的设备采购审批和绩效考核操作流程。和以往的流程相比，新建立的审批和绩效考核流程更好的适应操作流程的变化。在流程完善之后，为了保证流程能够在实际工作中得以实施，作者论证了人员和组织上保障的重要性，对新的流程从组织结构和制度两个方面进行保障的问题给出了解决方案。对现有组织结构进行了调整和重组并建立了相应的竞争，权利约束等几个方面的制度，以确保新流程的实施。 作者还通过调查问卷的方式对新流程进行了评估，调查问卷的结果显示新的设备采购流程在满意度，针对性和实用性，审批和绩效考评流程几个方面都得到了正面的肯定。从中，我们可以看出新流程发挥了效用并得到了公司内的认可。最后，通过对采购流程优化后的成功案例进行了详实而有效的分析，对项目成功的原因进行了归纳和总结，介绍了新的设备采购流程给公司带来的巨大好处。阐述了新的流程的在成本节约，风险控制等几个方面能够起到很好的效果，同时也达到了之前设定的成本，风险，时间和增值的目标。在文章结尾的部分，文中分析了文章研究的主要创新之处在于在新的形势下，作者能够根据实际对采购中权重逐渐增加的设备采购流程优化的问题给出了自己方案。同时，对研究的不足进行了阐述，也提出了在简化流程和DFS最近收购的几个工厂里新流程适应性方面研究的展望。 本文通过理论和实际的相结合，介绍和归纳了目前DFS公司面临的局面和未来公司发展趋势以及发展中必须解决的问题，从实际出发对DFS公司设备采购流程进行了详细的分析并提出了解决方案，通过实际反馈也得到了良好的效果。为制造业的设备采购提供了良好的借鉴，并成为企业内外部流程改善和管理创新变革的驱动力量。 关键词：设备采购 流程优化 采购管理
英文摘要：	Abstract With global economic integration and the increasingly intensive competition in the industry, make enterprise face a series of challenges in the competition. Each enterprise must choose its own strategy and take it in practice. They must implement and guarantee their strategy to success through a series of actions. The company with the strategy of low cost need do anything to make the cost savings. The company with the strategy of differentiation needs to continuously develop the multi-function and high quality products to ensure the position in the market. At the same time, to meet the market with fierce competition, the company with the strategy of differentiation needs to reduce the cost and speed up the launch of new products and new technology to seize the market and continue to expand the market share so that it can develop well in the global market. And to achieve this goal, as enterprise, should speed up the new product and new technology to the market. Meanwhile, due to not emphasize on the purchasing caused there is big risk of management of this area. In current situation, to achieve quick development, Company must focus on the equipment purchasing and optimize the process to let it adapt the modern enterprise development. In the thesis, the writer mainly research on in new market environment , How to find out the risk and issue of current DFS equipment purchasing. And issue a solution for DFS. Writer firstly introduced the development trend of the industry that DFS located on. Especially introduced the point of development of manufacturing is continuously reduce the make cost and operation cost of enterprise. And speed up new product and new technology launch and go into market and earn biggest benefit. Writer find out DFS equipment purchasing process issue according to lots of research and investigation. And clarified the importance of purchasing process optimization to enterprise and what optimized process can bring to DFS. In the whole thesis, Writer refer to a lot book and thesis, firstly go back to related supply management and process optimization. Introduce the situation of DFS and clarified DFS must adapt new situation’s need . Then writer introduced the specificity of equipment purchasing in operation, range, project angle. Also, writer summarize the issue of current equipment purchasing process and for these issue. Writer investigate the internal reason and outside reason of process optimization. Then clarified in new situation and considering the reason of internal and outside, DFS must optimize the process as soon as possible. Only by this , DFS can get better development in the market. Then writer set up several goal of optimization: timing, cost, risk and value adding. Also clarified that DFS must improve the process in purchasing logic, operator, method area. Writer issued operation process, approval process and evaluation process. Compared with old version , New process focus on purchasing function and and add purchasing wisdom into the process. Previously, old process is 100% follow engineer’s logic but in new process. Decision should be made by both purchasing and engineer. Also by the assurance of DFS quality document, the whole new process is clear and reasonable. In the new process, When DFS sign off agreement with supplier. There are some appendix also should be sign off at the same time. That clarify the responsibility between supplier and DFS. It is effective to avoid unnecessary argue between supplier and DFS. To adapt the change of process. Writer clarified and set up 2 other process, approval and evaluation, and investigate the suitability of these 2 process. To there is labor assurance of these process optimization, Writer also set up organization change to ensure there is people follow on new process. In addition, Writer also issue principle solution .Base on these assurance, New process optimization can be set up in actual. To check if new process be accepted by other colleagues. Writer issue a questionnaire .Base on the feedback of questionnaire , We can see the process change feedback is positive and almost all of the colleague believe it will be better than previous version. We can see it was recognized by the company. Finally, writer introduced a actual case after new process implementation. Writer go through the whole process detail and investigate the good point of whole process. Clarified that new process has a good impact on cost savings, risk control. Meanwhile, we can it new process achieve the goal set up before optimization. In the end thesis, writer clarified the good point and what is new the thesis compared with before research. Also clarified that there is something not enough, Especially on process simplification and suitability on the factory that purchasing by DFS recently. Thesis combine the actual and theory, introduce and summarized the situation of DFS and the development trend. Clarify the issue must be solved during development of DFS. Analysis the DFS equipment purchasing process and issued solution base on detail research and investigation. Get good result and feedback according to actual feedback. Offer good reference to the modern manufactory development. Can support well to the internal process optimization and company innovation. Key words: Equipment purchasing Process optimization Purchasing management
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