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论文编号：	3880
作者编号：	2120092753
上传时间：	2011/12/1 0:09:03
中文题目：	芜湖市游艇产业集群发展战略研究
英文题目：	Research on Wuhu City Yacht Developing Strategy of Industrial Clusters
指导老师：	薛有志
中文关键字：	芜湖市　游艇 新经济地理 产业集群 招商引资
英文关键字：	Wuhu city Yacht New Economic Geography Industrial Clusters Attract Investment
中文摘要：	游艇是一种具有航海、运动、休闲和娱乐功能的高级耐用消费品。在当今的欧美日等发达国家，人们在周末度假游玩和休闲的兴趣已经逐渐从陆地扩展到海上。尽管游艇的价格不菲，在大众眼中属于奢侈品，但从现在游艇的发展趋势来看，游艇也像汽车—样，逐渐普及成为个人和家庭的高级耐用消费品，尽管游艇比起汽车来具有奢侈性，但不可否认游艇具有更多的娱乐性；同时，整个游艇产业链的综合经济效益相当可观。自80年代中期，我国经济快速增长，人民生活水平的日趋提高，人们正在逐渐关注和接受游艇。在沿海经济发展较快的地区，游艇俱乐部也悄然出现。当今欧美等发达国家和地区迫于较为昂贵的制造成本压力，正将部分游艇生产转移至劳动力成本相对较低的国家和地区。这给我国游艇产业的发展提供了机遇。芜湖市政府为实现其经济的持续快速发展，提出上马游艇项目加速经济发展的要求。可如何发展，选择怎样的战略和实施方法，是芜湖资市政府首先要考虑解决的大事。2011年初芜湖市政府积极选择投资方，一同进行游艇项目的建设开发。作者非常荣幸受投资方企业家的委托，研究芜湖市游艇发展的战略。本研究回顾了战略管理的过程，应用PEST分析对于芜湖市发展游艇产业所面临的国家政策环境、经济环境、社会环境、技术环境进行了详细的分析。对于国家政策的研究包括“十二五”报告的政策指导、现有的游艇产业相关政策，政策的限制和瓶颈，如税收过重，跨区域航行限制，境外游艇入关手续非常繁琐，游艇产业的建设缺少完整的产业规划等。对于经济环境，分析了全球经济形势以及我国的经济发展状况。对于社会环境的分析涉及了消费市场与消费行为，劳动力人口，游艇文化。在对技术环境的分析中，重点分析了游艇制造技术。游艇制造具有劳动力、技术“双密集”的特点。中国大陆游艇制造的技术劣势主要体现：生产工艺技术和游艇材料一般化游艇设计缺乏创新，建造质量稳定性差等。应用五种力量模型对芜湖市发展游艇产业所面临的具体环境做出了分析。五种力量也称之为五种威胁，分别是潜在进入者的威胁、替代产品的威胁、供应商的威胁、买方威胁、行业内部的竞争威胁。应用SWOT分析二维表进行了总结，清晰展示芜湖市游艇经济发展所面临的优势、劣势、机遇与威胁。芜湖市的主要优势：GDP以两位数增长；具备一定的造船业从业人口；.工业基础雄厚；.重视招商引资，经济持续增长。芜湖市发展游艇产业所面临的主要劣势：游艇消费税收过重；游艇跨区域航行限制；境外游艇入关手续繁琐；游艇消费观念落后；缺少专业人才,缺少人才培养机制；缺乏游艇文化；制造技术、工艺落后，缺少创新；制造质量差距大；缺少临海资源等。芜湖市发展游艇产业所面临的机遇：“十二五” 报告鼓励发展游艇经济和支持提高产业集中度；政府支持服务业的快速发展；当前游艇产业缺少完整的产业规划；逐渐兴起的游艇消费观等。芜湖市发展游艇产业所面临的威胁：国外知名企业进入国内市场；国内知名企业持续发展；临海沿江城市发展游艇产业链；知名供应商的议价能力强等。在对游艇产业建设的百家争鸣下，本文是通过新的视角，即通过新经济地理的视角对于游艇产业集群的形成发展进行了分析，结合芜湖市的经济条件、自然条件等自身特点及政府发展宏观经济的愿望，为芜湖市选择了新经济地理视角下的产业集群战略。新经济地理视角下的产业集群理论为芜湖市发展游艇产业政策扶持提供。芜湖市政府通过出台系列产业政策，积极促成游艇产业在芜湖的集聚诞生。建设游艇产业园区，加速形成规模经济，使得集群内企业能够获得集群外企业所无法获得的经济收益，从而吸引集群外企业纷纷加盟，随着集群外企业的资金、技术、劳动力等资源的流入，产业集群得到快速发展。应用时间序列模型，对未来五年的中国游艇产业国内生产总值进行了预测，为芜湖的游艇产业战略目标的定位提供了重要依据和指导意义。考虑对市场份额的占有上，确定在2015年实现10%的国内市场份额和5%的国际市场份额的战略目标。在战略实施章节，分析了游艇产业布局的依据和相关技术问题，结合游艇产业连的构成和龙窝湖和外龙湖的地理特点，制定了产业布局的整体规划。继续沿用已经总结的SWOT结论，强调游艇产业集群发展中政府部门担当的重要角色，提出了一些在政策上的具体建议。包括积极提供基础设施；加快游艇产业园区的土地整合以及征地换地工作的顺利进行；推动实施集群营销的政策；建设专业化服务市场以支持游艇产业集群发展；增强集群持续创新力，积极营造集群创新环境政策优惠，大力吸引国内外知名游艇生产厂商、零配件生产厂；提供集群激励的制度环境；游艇工业区价格策略，力争保持硬性成本不变。在一定程度上，这些建议也适用于我国其他省市和地区的游艇产业的建设和发展。战略实施章节中还着重分析了招商引资的重要性，提出了实施招商引资的各类方法和建议，包括政府组织下的直接招商方式；聘请专业的管理团队策划和实施招商引资战略，制定实施和招商绩效挂钩的激励制度；开拓和游艇行业协会等中介组织的广泛合作；代理招商；公共关系的加强有利于招商引资。借鉴中国交通运输协会邮轮游艇分会对7省市游艇产业发展综合评估办法，提出了对未来芜湖市游艇产业集群发展的绩效评价办法，即从三个方面进行绩效评价：工业竞争力、游艇服务竞争力、政府管理竞争力。希望本研究中的一些观点、方法对于芜湖市的游艇产业集群的形成和发展具有一定的指导意义。关键词：芜湖市　游艇 新经济地理 产业集群 招商引资
英文摘要：	Yacht is sailing, sports, leisure and entertainment featured advanced consumer products. Currently people’s play, leisure and interest has gradually expanded from land to sea over weekends in Europe and other developed countries. Although yacht is expensive and belongs to luxury in the public eye, yacht, like cars, is becoming more common to individuals and families; Although car is more luxurious than yacht , it can’t denied that the yacht has a more entertaining than car; At the same time, the yacht industry chain brings considerable economic benefits. Since mid-1980s, China economy grows rapidly, people's living standard is rising and Chinese people are increasingly concerned about and accept the existence of yacht. Yacht club to appear in some rapid economic developed coastal areas. Today, Europe and other developed countries and regions is forced with more expensive manufacturing cost pressures and transferring production line relatively low labor cost countries and regions. This gives China's yacht industry development opportunities. In order to achieve sustained and rapid economic development blueprint, Wuhu Government launched Yacht Project Proposal to accelerate economic development. How to develop? How to select and implement the Management Strategy? Those answers are top priorities currently. In early 2011, Wuhu Government proactively choose investors, meanwhile study yacht construction and development projects. Author feel great honored to carry out the study and research on Wuhu yacht development strategy, authorized by entrepreneurs. This study reviews the strategic management process, explain Wuhu City development road, the yacht industry in our nation and the national policy, environment, economic environment, social environment, technological environment in application of PEST analysis. For the study of national policy including the "second five" report policy guidance, the existing yacht industry related policies, policy constraints and bottlenecks, such as heavy taxation, cross-regional navigation restrictions, non local yacht sailing into local requires very complicated procedures. Yacht industry construction lacks for complete industrial planning, etc. For the economic environment, it analyzes the global economic situation and China's economic development. For the analysis of the social environment, it relates to consumer market, consumer behavior, and labor force and yacht culture. In the analysis of the technological environment, it focuses on the yacht manufacturing technology. Yacht manufacturing is featured with labor and technology "double density" characteristics. Yacht manufacturing technology in China is mainly reflected with disadvantages: production technology and yacht design is general and lack of innovations in materials, construction quality and poor stability. It is a detailed analysis about yacht industry in this concrete environment by adopting five forces model; Five forces also known as five kinds of threats, namely, the threat of potential entrants, threat of substitute products, threat of suppliers, buyers threats, the threat of competition within the industries. Plus, the thesis applies SWOT analysis to summarize yacht strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, in Wuhu City yacht industry. The main advantage of Wuhu City: GDP to double-digit growth; the shipbuilding industry practitioners with a certain population; Industrial strong foundation; attention to investment and sustained economic growth. Wuhu City, the development of yacht industry faces major disadvantages: yacht consumption tax is too heavy; yacht sailing across the region restrictions; offshore yacht into the complicated customs procedures; yacht consumer attitudes behind; lack of professional personnel, lack of personnel training system; lack yacht culture; manufacturing technology , backward technology, lack of innovation; manufacturing quality gap; lack of coastal resources. Wuhu development opportunities is also facing the yacht industry: the "second five" report to encourage and support the development of yacht economy increased industrial concentration; government support the rapid development of service industries; current yacht industry, the lack of complete industrial planning; the gradual rise of the yacht consumer attitudes and so on. Wuhu City, the development of yacht industry faces threat: well-known enterprises to enter the domestic market; domestic famous enterprises development; urban development along the waterfront yacht industry chain; leading supplier bargaining power strong. Facing various yacht industry projections, this paper goes from a brand new perspective, namely, from the new economic geography perspective to study yacht industry development. It combined with Wuhu city economic conditions, natural conditions and the Government projections to develop its own characteristics in macro- economic way. It is Wuhu City new economic geography perspective and industry cluster strategy. Through the introduction of series of industrial policies, Wuhu city government actively contributed to the accumulation of the yacht industry. Yacht building industrial park, to accelerate the formation of economies of scale, making enterprises in the cluster to cluster outside the enterprise can’t obtain access to economic benefits, in order to attract foreign companies have joined the cluster, with clusters of enterprises outside the capital, technology, labor and other resource inflows, rapid development of industrial clusters. Applying time series models for the next five years, China's GDP yacht industry were predicted for the strategic objectives of Wuhu's yacht industry and it set a solid foundation for the orientation and guidance. Considering market share of possession, it is determined to achieve 10% domestic market and 5% international market share of the strategic objectives in 2015. In Strategy Implementation Chapter, the thesis analyzes yacht industry layout and its basis, together with some related technical issues, with yacht industry composition, Long Lake and Nest Lake geographical features, with the overall development of the industrial layout planning. Following SWOT summary, it emphasizes that government play an important role in the yacht industry cluster development, and put forward some specific recommendations on the policy. including the active provision of infrastructure; yacht industrial park to accelerate the integration of land and land acquisition for the smooth progress of work; promote the implementation of cluster marketing policies; construction professional services market to support the yacht industry cluster development; enhanced clustering continuous innovation, and actively create a cluster favorable environment for innovation policy, efforts to attract domestic and foreign well-known yacht manufacturers, spare parts production plant; institutional environment provides incentives to cluster; yacht Industrial Zone, pricing strategy, and strive hard to keep costs the same. To some extent, these recommendations also apply to other provinces and regions in China yacht construction and development industry. In Strategy Implementation Chapter, it describes the importance of investment and suggests various methods and recommendations, including government organizations under the direct investment approach; to hire a professional management team planning and implementation of investment strategy formulation and implementation of investment performance-related incentive system; develop yacht industry associations and intermediary organizations such as the extensive cooperation; agency investment; public relations to strengthen conducive to investment. China Communications and Transportation Association of Cruise/Yacht Subsidiaries Chapter come up with an integrated assessment approach upon 7 provinces’ yacht industry. The thesis applies the similar approach and proposes yacht performance evaluation methods for the future development of industrial clusters in Wuhu City. Hope that some of the points in this study is valuable for Wuhu yacht industrial and contributes to the development significance. Keywords: Wuhu city Yacht New Economic Geography Industrial Clusters Attract Investment
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