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论文编号：	3780
作者编号：	2120092486
上传时间：	2011/11/26 0:51:55
中文题目：	我国公立医院治理模式研究
英文题目：	A study on Governance model of public hospitals in China
指导老师：	张国萍
中文关键字：	非营利组织 公立医院 治理结构 激励与约束
英文关键字：	Non-profit Organization, Public Hospitals, Governance Structure, Incentives and Constraints
中文摘要：	摘要在世界范围内，非营利组织的数量和覆盖领域都在逐年不断扩大，他们在全世界的经济和社会进步中起到的作用越来越大，他们在很多领域帮助政府解决了很多实际问题，在医疗保健、教育、慈善、宗教、环保、灾难救助等社会公益性事业中做出了巨大的贡献。在医疗卫生和保健方面，世界各国政府都做了很大投入，非营利组织在该领域的投入比例也很大，像美国非营利组织超过46%就业和费用发生在医疗保健领域。我国的公立医院，作为非营利组织的一部分，承担着人民群众基本医疗保障和健康卫生服务的重任。截止到2010年底，公立医院数量为13850个；公立医院的卫生人员为377万人。随着社会的进步和经济的发展，我国公立医院的发展模式已经落后于经济发展的速度，已经满足不了任命群众的医疗保健需求，公立医院受到了外部宏观环境的影响，但主要原因之一是公立医院的体制和法人治理模式本身局限了它的发展。在建国初期，由于国家是计划经济体制，公立医院是预算组织，所有经费国家拨付，所有基础建设和设备由国家出钱购置，所有人员由国家指派、分配并供养终生，几乎一切都被国家包揽。从80年代开始，随着国家经济体制改革的实施，公立医院转变为自主组织，国家对公立医院采取了经费补贴定额包干，公立医院获得了一定的自主权。进入21世纪，国家对公立医院进行了大力改革，减少微观控制，逐步让其获得更多的经营自主权，完善其法人治理结构与激励约束机制，向法人组织进行过渡，提高公立医院效率，缓减人民群众“看病难、看病贵”的现实问题。本文通过深入研究，剖析了我国公立医院的现状和法人治理中存在的问题，通过分析国外发达国家法人治理成功的经验，对我国公立医院法人治理模式提出合理化建议。 关键字：非营利组织 公立医院 治理结构 激励与约束
英文摘要：	Abstract The quantity and coverage of non-profit organizations expanded in past worldwide. These organizations take more and more important effect in economics and cultural development in each country, and they helped the governments to solve lots of issues in many fields, and made a great contribution in healthcare, education, charity, religion, environmental protection, disaster relief and other public welfare events. Governments around the world have invested tremendous in medical health and care, non-profit organizations also have a large proportion employment and expense in the same field, for example, it takes more than 46% of non-profit organization employment and expense in the United States. Public hospitals, as part of the non-profit organizations in China, assume the mass important responsibility of basic medial health and care services. By end of 2010, there were 13,850 public hospitals in China, and the health personnel in public hospitals were 3.77 million. Along with social progress and economic development in China, the development model of public hospitals has lagged behind the pace of economic development, and it has failed to meet health care needs of the people appointed. Because public hospitals were affected by the external macro-environment, but one of the major reasons was public hospital system and corporate governance model itself limited its development. In the early years of the Republic, because the country is under the planned economy system, the public hospital is a budget organization in which all funds allocated to all countries, all infrastructure and equipment were purchased by the state, all personnel were assigned, distributed and supported their lives by the state, almost everything is swept by the state. From the 1980 's, with the implementation of economic reforms, the government subsidies for hospital funding fixed lump sum, and public hospital acquired a certain degree of autonomy. In the 21st century, the state conducted a major overhaul of public hospitals, to reduce the micro-control, and gradually allowed to get more operational autonomy, and improved its corporate governance structure and incentive and restraint mechanisms to transition to a corporate body. In order to improve the efficiency of public hospitals, and alleviate the Practical problems. Through thoroughly researching, this article analyzed the present situation of public hospitals and the problems existing in the corporate governance. Through analysing the successful experience of corporate governance in developed countries , it put forward rational suggestions to the corporate governance mode of the public hospitals in China. Key words: Non-profit Organization, Public Hospitals, Governance Structure, Incentives and Constraints
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