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论文编号：	2864
作者编号：	1120070756
上传时间：	2010/12/12 17:04:40
中文题目：	高科技企业团队社会资本、知识整合方式对团队创造力影响机制研究
英文题目：	Study of the Impact Mechanism of Team Social Capital, Knowledge Integration Modes on Team Creativity in High-tech Enterprise
指导老师：	袁庆宏
中文关键字：	高科技企业 团队社会资本 知识整合方式 团队创造力
英文关键字：	High-tech enterprise; Team social capital; Knowledge integration mode; Team creativity
中文摘要：	建设创新型国家，实现“中国制造”向“中国创造”的转变对国家与社会发展有着重要意义。在国家创新体系中，政府主导由科研院所承担的创新项目仍占较大比重，尽管近些年来，高科技企业加大了研发费用，承担起自主创新项目，积极探索自身创新机制，但在整个国家创新体系中发挥的作用仍然较低，其创新的数量、质量以及持续力仍有待提高。如何从真正意义上支持企业创新，提高其创新能力，发挥其在国家整体创新过程中的主体地位是当前建设创新型国家的重要议题。随着竞争环境的日益严峻，任务专业化与复杂化的不断提升，团队成为高科技企业这一社会有机体的工作“细胞”，是高科技企业应对变革，实现创新的核心“子系统”，团队的创造力水平直接关系到高科技企业创新体系以及整体创新活动的开展。但在实际情况中，团队任务进度缓慢甚至失败，创意枯竭的现象经常出现，不仅浪费了大量的企业资源，也降低了团队士气和凝聚力。由此，如何激发与培养高科技企业的团队创造力成为一个重要的理论与实践问题。 从已有理论与文献研究来看，创造力研究往往更多的关注于个体创造力的影响因素及其表现，在少数的团队创造力研究中大都采用单一研究视角探讨团队过程（如人际冲突、信任）的作用机制，既忽视了对团队整体创造力形成的考察，也忽略了对具体企业情境下团队创造力形成的关键驱动要素及核心过程的分析。高科技企业是知识与信息的分布系统，也是基于团队设计的社会系统。团队是完成组织目标，实现创新的主体，其创造力既具有明显的“知识特性”，也与其拥有的“社会资源”密不可分，高科技企业团队创造力的形成一方面受到团队拥有的现实或潜在的社会资源多寡的影响，一方面也受到团队加工信息与知识不同方式的影响。因此，本研究试图在高科技企业背景下，以团队社会资本为起点，知识整合方式为中介，探索团队创造力的形成机理，旨在丰富和拓展相关领域的理论研究，同时对于高科技企业管理实践而言，相关研究成果也能为团队建设、知识管理以及创造力管理提供一定的参考意义。 结合相关理论与文献研究以及企业实地调研，笔者聚焦了三个研究问题：① 高科技企业背景下团队社会资本的内在构成是什么？其不同构成对团队创造力形成是否有着不同的影响？这一问题的回答有助于进一步深化团队社会资本对团队创造力的影响研究，从更微观的角度理解哪些社会资本构成有助于形成团队创造力；② 团队如何整合与任务有关的知识与信息？即知识整合方式的类型与作用。团队在知识整合过程中是否能形成团队创造力？这一问题的回答有助于剖析团队创造力形成过程中的知识特征；③ 团队社会资本如何影响团队创造力的形成？知识整合方式是否在团队社会资本对团队创造力的影响机制中发挥中介传导作用？这一问题的回答有助于更加全面的考察团队社会资本对团队创造力的影响机理。围绕以上问题，本研究以高科技企业为研究背景，沿着“团队社会资本—知识整合方式—团队创造力”的逻辑思路，采用问卷调研的方式，利用SPSS 17.0和AMOS 17.0等软件工具，对研究假设进行了实证分析。本文的主要研究结论如下： （1） 团队社会资本对团队创造力有着显著的正向影响，但不同构成的影响效果存在差异。本研究采用联结强度表征结构社会资本，共同语言表征认知社会资本，情感信任与认知信任表征关系社会资本，通过93个来自高科技企业中的工作团队数据分析得出，结构社会资本与关系社会资本对团队创造力均存在显著的正向影响，而认知社会资本对团队创造力则不存在显著的正向影响。 （2） 基于理论分析与企业实地调研，系统分析了高科技企业中团队知识整合的过程、类型与特征，并通过实证研究验证了系统式整合与协调式整合两种知识整合方式对团队创造力形成的影响作用，结果发现系统式整合与协调式整合均对团队创造力有着积极的影响。从影响效应来看，协调式整合对团队创造力预测效果要优于系统式整合。 （3）不同的知识整合方式在团队社会资本对团队创造力的影响机制中发挥了不同的作用。其中，协调式整合在结构与关系社会资本对创造力的影响机制中起到了完全中介作用。即结构社会资本与关系社会资本是通过开展协调式整合方式完成了相关信息与知识的组合与重构，形成了团队创造力。但系统式整合对团队社会资本与创造力两者间的中介传导机制是有限的，仅在关系社会资本中认知信任与团队创造力的关系中发挥了部分中介作用，而对其他社会资本构成则未发挥中介作用。总的来看，团队社会资本对团队创造力的影响机制主要是由协调式整合的中介传导来实现。 （4）团队类型和任务所处阶段等其他因素对知识整合方式与团队创造力也有着正向的影响。其中，任务处于交付阶段的团队其协调式整合要明显强于处于计划阶段与执行阶段的团队。产品导向型的团队在协调式整合与团队创造力方面明显强于技术导向型团队。这一结论说明，在探讨团队社会资本对知识整合方式与团队创造力的作用之外，也应考虑其他因素的影响。 上述研究结论既有助于丰富和完善团队创造力理论、知识整合理论以及团队社会资本理论，也对高科技企业管理实践具有一定的启示和指导意义。最后，针对本研究的局限性提出了后续研究的方向。
英文摘要：	Constructing innovative country, changing “Made in China” to “Created in China” has very important meaning for the development of national and society. In the overall national innovation system, the innovation projects shouldered by research academies and institutes have still taken a large proportion. In recent years, although high-technology enterprises have increased the development costs, shouldered some autonomous innovation projects, and explored self innovatory mechanism, the roles they played in the overall national innovation system have been still lower. The quantity, quality and persistence of their innovation should be further enhanced. It is an important issue that how to actually support organization innovation, enhance its creativity, and take advantage of its principal position in the overall national innovation system. With the growing intension of the competition and the continuous enhancemant of task specilizaion and complexity, team becomes the “work cell” of the high-technology enterprise, and is the core subsystem which is used to react the changes and obtain innovations. Team creativity is directly related to innovation system and overall innovative activities in high-tech enterprises. However, in many practical applications, the task is slow or even failure, and originality has been exhausted. All these phenomena often occur which waste much organizational resource and lower team morale and cohesion. How to encourage and manage team creativity becomes an importanct issue both in theoretical and practical levels. According to the relative theories and literature reviews, the studies in creativity are more often focused on the antecedents and outcomes of individual creativity. In few team creativity studies, it mostly adopts a single perspective to explore the mechanism of team process(e.g., relationship conflict, trust). The existing studies neglect the formation of overall team creativity, and ignore the core process and key elements in the formation of team creativity in the contextual of organization. High-tech enterprise is the distribution system of knowledge and information. Team is the subject which complete organizational goal and innovation. Team creativity is obvious of “knowledge characteristic” and inseparable from the “social resources”. In other words, on the one hand, team creativity is influenced by the level of social resources owned by team, on the other hand, it is affected by the modes of team knowledge integration. Therefore, we try to explore a new important perspective to understand the formation of team creativity by using team social capital as independent variable and knowledge integration modes as mediators, which will make up the related theory blank and have some implications for team building, knowledge management, and creativity management. Based on related theoretical researches and field study, we have focused three research issues unresolved: ① What is the construct of team social capital in high-tech enterprise? Do the dimensions have different influence team creativity? Through solving this issue, it will help deep studies of the relationship of team social capital and team creativity, and understand what dimensions actually accumulate creativity. ② How does the team integrate those knowledge and information related to the task? Does team integration modes influence team creativity? Solving this issue can help analysis the knowledge characteristic of team creativity. ③ How does team social capital influence team creativity? Does knowledge integration modes play the mediating role in the effect of team social capital to team creativity. Solving this issue can help explore the mechanism of team creativity with more comprehensive perspective. Following the way of “team social capital- knowledge integration mode- team creativity”, the research was conducted with team members of high-tech enterprises through questionnaire and the statistical tool SPSS 17.0 and AMOS 17.0 to resolve the above issues. The main conclusions are summed up as follow: (1) Team social capital has significant positive effect on team creativity, but the effects of dimensions are different. We adopted tie strength to represent structural social capital, common language to represent cognitive social capital, and affect-based trust/cognition-based trust to represent relational social capital. Based on the database which comprised 93 teams in high-tech enterprises, we find evidence that, structural social capital and relational social capital have a significantly and positively effect on team creativity, but cognition social capital has no significant effect on team creativity. (2) Based on the theoretical analysis and field study, we did systematic analysis for knowledge integration process, types and characteristics. We have found evidence that systematic knowledge integration mode and coordinative knowledge integration mode have significant positive effect on team creativity, and coordinative knowledge integration mode explained the more variance of team creativity than systematic knowledge integration mode. (3) Both knowledge integration modes have different mediating effect on the relationship of team social capital with team creativity. This includes: coordinative knowledge integrative mode take the mediating role in the relationship between all dimensions of team social capital and team creativity. However, systematic knowledge integration mode only take mediating role in the relationship between cognitive-based trust and team creativity, but does not play the mediating effect on the relationship between other dimensions of team social capital and team creativity. (4) Other factors such as team type and task stage have also significant effect on the knowledge integration modes and team creativity. As the results implies, these factors should be considered while exploring the relationship between team social capital and knowledge integration modes and team creativity. These above conclusions not only enriched the theories of team creativity, knowledge integration and social capital, but also have significant implication to high-tech enterprise management. Finally, the research limitation were discussed, as well as the directions for future research.
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