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论文编号：	2646
作者编号：	1120070726
上传时间：	2010/6/21 9:12:51
中文题目：	不确定性环境下企业国际化绩效评估研究
英文题目：	Research on the International Performance Evaluation of enterprises Under The Uncertain Environment
指导老师：	许晖
中文关键字：	企业国际化 环境不确定性 国际化绩效评估 指标体系普适性 指标体系敏感性
英文关键字：	Enterprise Internationalization, Environmental Uncertainty, International Performance Evaluation, Universality of the Index System, Sensitivity of the Index System
中文摘要：	中国对外开放程度的不断加大及中国政府的各项鼓励和扶持政策，为中国企业国际化发展带了巨大的机会，但是在与国外企业的竞争中也暴露了中国企业国际化发展中的种种问题，尤其是国际化绩效评估的技术僵化落后、指标简单、盲目照搬发达国家绩效评估、以财务绩效评估为主等问题，不仅无法为企业国际化决策提供有效信息，甚至可能产生误导作用，国际化绩效评估与国际化运作环境不匹配问题非常严重。 全球化是不可否认的历史趋势，而伴随全球化的环境不确定性也将是每个中国国际化企业必须要面对的。由此，国际化绩效评估与不确定性环境匹配问题只能以中国企业国际化绩效评估为切入点，究竟中国企业国际化绩效评估能不能取得国际化管理者的认可？不确定性环境对国际化绩效评估有没有影响，需不需要构建针对不确定性环境的国际化绩效评估指标体系？哪些指标能够充分反映企业的国际化运作？企业该从哪些指标入手来改善企业的国际化绩效情况？该如何保证所构建指标体系的普适性和敏感性？ 关注不确定性环境下中国企业国际化绩效评估不仅仅是实务界也是理论界的重要任务。为回答上述问题，本研究从以下几点展开研究： 第一，中国企业国际化绩效评估现状探讨。在缺乏成熟数据库的背景下，本研究通过问卷调研方式，通过国际化绩效评估技术、评估频率、评估部门、评估指标采用、评估指标重要程度、评估满意度等角度详细剖析了中国企业国际化绩效评估情况。研究发现，中国企业国际化绩效评估较为落后，不能很好的展示企业在国际市场开拓中的努力。 第二，不确定性环境对国际化绩效评估影响的探讨。在缺少成熟数据库和量表的背景下，在国际化环境不确定性构成维度界定和测量的基础上，本研究构建了国际化环境各个维度影响国际化绩效评估技术、评估指标采用和评估指标重要程度的理论模型和假设，深入探讨并验证了国际化环境对中国企业国际化绩效评估的影响。研究发现，国际化环境不确定性经由其动态性、复杂性和敌对性三个属性维度和政治、经济、技术和文化环境不确定性四个类别维度对企业国际化绩效评估产生着或强或弱的影响。 第三，不确定性环境下国际化绩效评估指标体系的构建。针对当前不确定性的国际化环境，按照量表开发流程，本研究邀请国际化专家和国际化企业高级管理者对国际化绩效评估指标的代表性、重要性和可行性进行了判断；在专家调研的基础上，本研究采用大规模问卷调研方式，以中国国际化企业为调研对象，并通过因子分析技术对问卷获取数据进行了分析。经过信度效度检验和因子分析，本研究最终构建了4个构面8个要项38个指标的中国企业国际化绩效评估指标体系。 第四，国际化绩效评估指标体系的普适性探讨。本研究构建的国际化绩效评估指标体系是否适合于所有的中国国际化企业，在不用类型国际化企业中有没有区别？基于中国企业国际化特征，本研究借鉴ANOVA等技术，从国际市场进入模式（投资式、贸易式和混合式）和行业类别（制造业、服务业和金融业）两个角度对所构建的国际化绩效评估指标体系进行了普适性探讨。研究发现，除极个别指标之外，本研究所构建的国际化绩效评估指标体系具有较强的普适性。 第五，国际化绩效评估指标敏感性探讨。并非所有的国际化绩效评估指标对企业来说都是同等重要的，哪些指标对企业改善国际化绩效表现作用更大呢？本研究借助自学习自适应的人工神经网络技术，构建了中国企业国际化绩效评估神经网络模型，对国际化绩效评估指标的敏感性进行了探讨，为企业设计国际化绩效提升策略提供了参考。研究发现，本研究所构建的国际化绩效评估指标具有较强的敏感性，能够比较好的表现企业的国际化绩效。 本研究从当前中国企业国际化绩效评估落后现状和充满不确定性的国际化环境出发，展开了当前国际化环境不确定性下的中国企业国际化绩效评估研究。本研究的创新之处主要有如下几点：国际化环境不确定性对国际化绩效评估影响的多重视角剖析；不确定性环境下的国际化绩效评估指标体系的构建；国际化绩效评估指标敏感性研究；国际化绩效评估指标体系普适性探讨。随着国际化环境变动速度的加快，这些观点和结论，为中国企业抓住国际环境变革机遇，协调不确定性环境和企业国际化绩效评估，赢得并保持竞争优势，提升国际化绩效提供了思路。
英文摘要：	Greater openness of china and various encourage and support policies of Chinese government bring tremendous opportunities for Chinese enterprises’ internationalization. But various problem of Chinese enterprises’ internationalization have also been exposed in the competition with foreign enterprises, especially the issues of international performance evaluation. There are many problems with the current international performance evaluation of Chinese international enterprises, such as technological backwardness, simple indicators, of blindly copying performance evaluation of the developed countries, too much emphasis on financial performance evaluation. The current international performance evaluation can not provide effective information for enterprises’ internationalization decision and may even be misleading; the mismatching problem is very serious between international performance evaluation and international operating environment. Globalization is an undeniable historical trend, thus every Chinese international enterprise have to face the uncertain environment associated with globalization. As a result, the matching problem between international performance evaluation and the uncertain environment can only take performance evaluation as a starting point. How about the current international performance evaluation of Chinese enterprises? Are the international managers satisfied with the current international performance evaluation? Does the certain environment have an effect on international performance evaluation? Do we need to construct a new international performance evaluation to cope the uncertain environment? Which indicators are more important to the company's international operations? Where dose the international enterprises start to improve the international performance situation? Concerned about the international performance evaluation under the uncertain environment is an important task not only for internationalization practitioners but also for the theoretical circle. To answer these questions, this study started from the following investigation: First, the research on the international performance evaluation status of Chinese enterprise. In the context of absence of mature database, this study made a detailed analysis on the evaluation situation of international performance of Chinese enterprise based on a questionnaire survey approach, from the evaluation techniques, the evaluation frequency, the evaluation indicators, the adopting level of evaluation indicators and the important level of evaluation indicators. This study found that the international performance evaluation of Chinese enterprises lagged behind international enterprises from other developed countries, which couldn't reveal Chinese enterprises’ internationalization. Second, the research on the relationship between uncertain environment and international performance evaluation. In the context of without sophisticated databases and scales, after the definition and measurement of the international environment uncertainty, this study built and verified the theoretical models and assumptions about how the uncertain environment affected the international performance evaluation techniques adopting, the evaluation indicators adopting and the evaluation indicators’ importance. This study found that the uncertainty of the international environment affected international performance evaluation through international environmental dynamics, complexity and the hostility three attribute dimensions as well as political environment uncertainty, the economic environment uncertainty, the cultural environment uncertainty and the technology environmental uncertainty four category dimensions. Third, the research on construction of international performance evaluation under uncertainty environment. Aiming at the current uncertain international environment, according to the scale development process, this study invited international experts and international senior executives to judge the representation, importance and feasibility of the international performance indicators. Based on the conclusion of the specialist research, this study took Chinese international enterprises as investigation objects and adopted factor analysis technique to process the data from a large-scale questionnaire survey. After the reliability and validity testing and factor analysis, this study ultimately built an international performance evaluation index system with four key dimensions, 8items and 38 indicators. Fourth, the research on the universality of the international performance evaluation index system. Is the international performance evaluation index system this study built suitable for all of China's international business; is there any difference among different kinds of international enterprises? Based on the features of the internationalization of Chinese enterprises, through ANOVA and other techniques, this study analyzed the universality of the international performance evaluation indicators from entry mode（investment mode, trade mode and mixed mode）and industry categories（manufacturing, services and finance）two perspectives. This study found that except one or two indexes, the international performance evaluation system built by this study had strong universality. Fifth, the research on the sensitivity of the international performance evaluation indicators. Not all of the international performance evaluation indicators are of equal importance for enterprises, which indicators are more important for enterprises to improve the international performance situation? To explore this issue, through self-learning adaptive artificial neural network technology, this study built a neural network model for international performance evaluation of Chinese enterprises and discussed the sensitivity of 38 indicators, which is helpful for Chinese international enterprises to design their international strategies. This study found that the international performance evaluation indicators suggested by this study had strong sensitivity and could show the international performance in a better way. This study started from the current backward international performance evaluation and international environment full of uncertainty and launched research on international performance evaluation of Chinese enterprises in the context of current uncertain international environment. There are four innovations of this study: analyzing how the international environment uncertainty affects the international performance evaluation through the multiple perspectives; building international performance evaluation index system under the uncertain environment; researching on the universality of the indicators; researching on the sensitivity of the indicators. As the international environment changes faster and faster, these views and conclusions provide a guideline for Chinese enterprises to seize the opportunities in the change of international environment to coordinate the uncertain environment and the internationalization performance evaluation, to build a reasonable international performance evaluation index system, to win and maintain a competitive edge and to enhance international performance.
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