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论文编号：	2618
作者编号：	1120070714
上传时间：	2010/6/17 17:39:29
中文题目：	公共企业经营模式研究——基于水务行业的分析
英文题目：	Research on the Business Model of Public Enterprises:Based on the Analysis of Water Industry
指导老师：	韩德昌教授
中文关键字：	公共企业；经营模式；政府规制；价值网络；产业特征
英文关键字：	Public Enterprises; Business Model; Government Regulation; Value Network; Industrial Characteristics
中文摘要：	本研究以基础设施行业公共企业的现实问题为逻辑起点，并认为单因素分析（比如只关注于产权）尚无法为公共企业的经营变革提供答案。从理论上来看，公共企业的经营涵盖了多元因素，进而会形成一个稳态的构型——经营模式。为此本研究以公共企业经营模式作为研究主线，利用理论演绎法、案例研究方法、实证研究方法和比较研究法，来分析公共企业经营模式的构成维度及其相互之间的逻辑关系，并以共六章的内容来展开纵深研究。 本研究首先对公共企业、经营模式、产业模块化、基础设施行业的相关研究进行了综述。通过理论回顾本研究认为：公共企业是指持续存在的，以为社会提供公共性质的产品和服务为主要经营活动的，具有一定盈利目标的，受到政府特殊管制措施所制约的，组织化的经济实体。在经营模式研究中，本部分集中对典型的经营模式进行归纳和总结，以其寻找到公共企业经营模式的逻辑线索。本研究将主要围绕政府规制、产业特征、价值网络和企业盈利性四个维度作为公共企业经营模式分析的四个关键维度。本研究强调产业模块化与价值网络能够同时实现经济合理性与社会合理性目标的双重目标，同时有利于企业核心竞争力的开发。 通过理论演绎、案例分析和实证研究，本研究解构了公共企业的经营模式各维度：政府规制维度包括公共规制、效率规制和市场规制三个维度；产业特征维度包括设施模块、运营模块和配套模块；价值网络则需要是政府与企业间、企业群内、企业与客户间构成的多层次价值网络；企业盈利性会产生社会效益和经营效益问题，而基础设施本身又存在投资效益问题，进而上述三种效益会同时发挥作用。 本研究认为公共企业具有公共性和企业性的双重属性，其耦合机制将会形成公共企业经营模式。公共性和企业性分别要求公共企业兼具政府规制和企业盈利性的双元特征，为了实现这样的双元性，企业必须选择有效地产业链位置及其价值网络。这样在公共企业经营模式的四个维度之间就形成了极强的契合性，进而形成稳定的经营模式构型。 本研究通过第五章的理论分析发现：不同模块的公共企业将成为经营模式的主体，同时为了形成完整的经营模式，公共企业需要与政府建立“公私合作制”的关系；为了满足客户价值，公共企业需要建立“客户参与管理”的机制。因此公共企业经营模式的价值网络包括了公共企业间的协作网络、政府与企业间的“公私合作制”，以及强调消费者的“客户参与管理”。 从公共企业经营模式的演进和国际比较来看，可大致归纳出三个结论：首先，公共产品的供给在走向市场化、民营化，但是又不是完全的市场化，而是在某些领域市场化的进程显著，在其他领域又不那么明显；其次，公共产品的供给主体从单方经营走向多方合作；最后，政府的作用正在转变，从经营主体的位置上退下来，转变为制度的制定者、经营的监督者。 第六章将用案例来说明公共企业经营模式的特征，通过案例分析发现，威立雅公司通过在不同模块中采取不同的策略，同时基于其自身的专利技术的优势，创造了“综合方案解决性”经营模式。第六章也对我国水务业和天津市水务业内公共企业经营模式进行了描述性的案例总结。第七章的实证研究，采用了因子分析、相关分析、ANOVA分析等方法，分析得出了公共企业的四个维度的关系，研究发现不同类型、不同产业模块的公共企业在政府规制、价值网络选择和企业盈利性表现上具有部分的显著性影响。尤其是企业盈利性方面，公共企业必须用社会效益去补贴经营效益以实现持续经营的目标。 最后本研究提出了研究结论，以及对我国基础设施领域公共企业的建议和意见。本研究有三方面的创新点，分别是：首先，本研究将经营模式的理念引入到公共企业的研究范畴中，抛开对传统企业体制改革的“唯产权论”，并提出了经营模式创新才是基础设施领域公共企业的改革之路。其次，本研究通过对战略管理、产业模块化理论、规制经济学和公共经济学等多理论视角，利用了比较研究、案例分析和实证研究的研究结果展开对公共企业经营模式的探讨，实现了理论视角和研究方法的创新。最后，本研究针对公共企业的经营模式，提出经营模式本身是一个构型，并创造性提出了政府规制、产业特征、价值网络和企业盈利性四个维度，对经营模式的理论发展增加了新的内涵。最后本研究提出了研究局限性和未来研究启示。
英文摘要：	The study of public enterprises, infrastructure, business model and the relationship between the main line as a study, the current infrastructure in the field of public service enterprises are facing challenges with two, one question more and more public, on the other the difficulties facing the business. At present the main problems of state enterprises is not the so-called property rights problems, more importantly, from large to strong issue, the enterprise capacity. The basic object of this study located in the areas of infrastructure, public enterprises, but according to this definition, property rights theory not a point of critical enterprise efficiency, but more should be excavated from the business model perspective. In this dissertation, the definition of public enterprises, public enterprises because of the evolution of dynamic, business model, the use of theoretical interpretation, case analysis and survey methods. The first chapter on the business model of public enterprises and related research are reviewed. Public enterprises refer to the persistence of that community to provide the public nature of the products and services as the main business activities, with a profit objective, subject to special control measures restricting the government, the organization of the economic entity. Regardless of the existence of these economic entities with state or government links between the capital and its manifestations are: the form of state-owned, private forms and mixed forms. Meanwhile, the exercise of public power for public enterprises, is bound to take public responsibility. In the business model study, this section focuses on the typical business model and summed up its business model to find the logic of public clues. This study will mainly focus on government regulation, industry characteristics, value network and the four dimensions of corporate profitability as the business model of public four key dimensions. Value network is the ultimate goal of which four areas: namely, lower costs, meet customer value, reduce risk by increasing flexibility and enterprise capabilities accumulation. The third chapter of the public enterprises and enterprises of the public nature of the coupling is analyzed, researchers found that the basic characteristics of public enterprises can be attributed to the public and the dual nature of the business of co-existence. From the perspective of property right, holds many lessons for the management of public enterprises into state-owned form of a simple form, the form of three types of private and mixed forms. At the same time as public enterprises to operate a public product, not a natural economic rationality and social rationality maximization, that is, the supply of public goods with externalities, therefore, regulation of public enterprises is the Government's concern has always been the focus of This regulation was first targeted at market failure born at the same time, in order to ensure the efficient functioning of markets, there are incentive regulation measures introduced; the same time, the government-business regulation has failed, when, for the government regulation of failure, while the rise public choice theory. Chapter Four introduces the concept of infrastructure and classification, the nature of the infrastructure and supply of the main, industrial modular division and collaboration. The study found that in order to guarantee the public nature of public enterprises and enterprises of both the dual attributes of, in the formation of the Guocheng value network, the enterprise party through the level with all levels of government, different forms of cooperation, while the value of the formation of their own network. At the same time, enterprises and between enterprises can cooperate to jointly build up the network when their own value network expansion. Chapter V mode of operation of public enterprises were national comparison. Found that the formation of the government public enterprises, markets, business co-existence of diverse morphology, the formation of public enterprises is of great relevance to the history of. In the beginning, the formation of public enterprises because of the country's basic shape has not been established, and private capital in infrastructure to maintain the areas of physical machine running the supply of funds and investment no desire; And with the development of western economics, public enterprises have become market management entities; Since then, for the market failure of regulation allows companies to entrepreneurial and public nature of the beginning balance; to the last century, the 80s, public enterprise management gradually from one of the main (public or private) to mixed ownership, organizational form of public enterprises to the Government ultimately develop, market, multi-enterprise co-exist. Chapter VI will use the case to illustrate the value of public enterprises and industrial modular network business model business model, the first dealing with the case of Veolia Water is the value of network operator Veolia as a foreign-funded enterprises, the value of the expansion of the network makes it In the water market is growing right to speak, turn on our water security threat. In the second, third section, the dissertation will discuss the Chinese water market trends and Tianjin modular practical experience, will be in the fourth quarter in the form of case studies, discussions are in progress in the reform of water in the field of public enterprises in Tianjin's industrial module management and value network business model. Chapter VII of this dissertation, government regulation, and many other aspects of the value of the network proposed to improve the lot of China's infrastructure proposals. This study have three innovation aspects: First, this study introduced the concept of business models to study the category of public enterprises, set aside the traditional enterprise reform, "the only property rights theory" and made a business model innovation is the infrastructure of public enterprise reform.Second, based on strategic management, industrial modular theory, regulatory economics and public economics, this study has more theoretical perspective. At the same time, the use of the comparative study, case studies and empirical research findings expand on the business model of public enterprises to realize Theory and methods of innovation.Finally, the study of public enterprise management model, proposed business model itself is an architecture, and creativity proposed government regulation, industry characteristics, value networks and the four dimensions of corporate profitability, the development of the business model of the theory of addition of new connotations.
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