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论文编号：	2601
作者编号：	2120082214
上传时间：	2010/6/13 12:45:09
中文题目：	专用资产投资对网络成员产生弹性限制效应的机理研究---基于知识和非知识资产的视角
英文题目：	Research On The Mechanisms Of Flexibility Restraint Effects To The Members In Network Organizations Caused By Specific Assets
指导老师：	武立东
中文关键字：	专用性资产投资；知识资产；非知识资产；弹性限制
英文关键字：	specific assets; knowledge assets;non-knowledge assets; restrictions of flexibilitie
中文摘要：	随着社会分工的日益精细化和深入化，不同的组织越来越集中于各自的专业领域，致力于开发独特的资源和能力。也正因此，处于复杂多变的环境中的组织要想获取竞争优势，就必须跨越自身的界限去寻求组织发展所不可或缺的资源和能力；组织运营所必须的活动也不是在组织内部就可以完全进行，很多活动必须跨越组织边界进行整合；另一方面，根据汤普森的观点，一些组织由于自身拥有的资源和能力超过了任务环境的支持，组织为了充分利用资源就要主动跨越边界，这些都催生了组织间网络这种新型组织结构的出现，学者Ranjay Gulati指出组织间关系网络的数量在最近的15年里以前所未有的速度增长。 关系网络中的成员为了充分利用伙伴的资源和能力，他们会要求伙伴对自身做出专用投资，从而强化对伙伴成员的控制以获取最多的准租金。另一种情况是一些组织特别是中小型组织为了维持稳定的客源或紧密持久的合作关系，会主动对合作伙伴进行专用投资。但一直被忽略的是，专用性投资在降低生产成本和稳定交易伙伴的同时，资产的专用性所产生的准租金也会对专用资产拥有方产生弹性限制效应。因为任何一个组织都随时面对着由缩短的产品周期、快速变化的消费者偏好和突飞猛进的科技等因素带来的不确定性，这就要求组织能够随时调整自身以适应环境，也即要求组织具有弹性。但是资产专用性所产生的转换成本限制了组织的弹性。要改善组织的弹性，就必须对限制效应的产生机理有一个准确的理解。因此，本文通过梳理已有研究成果，试图推导出专用资产投资对网络成员产生弹性限制效应的内在逻辑，并通过对专用性资产进行分类，对不同类型的资产所产生的弹性限制效应做出初步的比较研究。 最后，本文的对比研究结论显示：专用性资产的变现能力、转换用途的能力、搜寻费用以及易计量、监督的程度这四个维度与资产专用性程度呈反向变化；文化障碍这个维度与资产专用性程度呈正向变化。在变现能力、易计量和监督程度、文化障碍三个维度上，非知识类专用资产产生的弹性限制效应要小于知识类专用知识资产。在转换用途的能力、对方的搜寻费用这两个维度上，非知识类专用资产产生的弹性限制效应要大于知识类专用知识资产。
英文摘要：	As social division of labor becoms increasingly professional and refinement,different organizations are focusing on their professional fields to develop unique resources.If the organizations in such a complex environment want to obtain the competitive advantages,they must cross the boundaries of their own to seek the resources essential to their development;many activities that organizations necessarily operat can not be fully carried out within their organizations,so this also requires organizations to integrate these activities across organizational boundaries；on the other hand,according to Thompson，some organizations’ resources are more than their actual needs，so organizations will voluntarily explore their task environments and fields in order to make full use of their resources．All these above have provoked the emergence of new organizational structure of inter-organizational networks. Ranjay Gulati pointed out that the number of the Network Organizations in the last 15 years has been increasing in an unprecedented rate. The members of the relationship networks in order to take full advantage of the resources and capabilities of their members,they often ask their partners to make specific investments to themselves,thus they can control their members to secure a maximum quasi-rent.In other cases, some organizations, especially small and medium organizations, will take the initiative to make specific investments to their partners.in order to maintain a stable relationship or a close client.However,they don’t often recognize that specific assets can bring them negative effecs as well as the positive effects such as side effects of lack in flexibility or inelastic.It is mainly because the specificity of assets causes huge switching costs to restrain the Investors to transfer parters. Therefore, by reviewing the existing relative research results,this paper firstly aims to deduce the Internal Mechanism of the side effecs in reflexibility which the specific assets produced,and then divided the specific assets into two categories to make a preliminary Comparative Study between them. The conclusions will provide the managers the advices to increase orgnizations’ flexibilities and to manage different specific assets across the differences.
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