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论文编号：	2534
作者编号：	2120072304
上传时间：	2010/6/11 14:23:18
中文题目：	国际工程顾问与建筑师事务所治理模式比较
英文题目：	Corporation Governance Model Comparison on International Engineering Consultants and Architect Design Firms
指导老师：	李维安
中文关键字：	国际工程顾问 建筑师事务所 信托制 合伙人制 委托代理
英文关键字：	International engineering consultant; Design institute; Engineering consulting industry; Principle-Agent; Trust Partnership
中文摘要：	在2000年末的全国勘察设计工作会议中，时任建设部副部长叶如棠在讲话中提出，私营设计事务所制有利于把责任和从事设计人员的信誉联系起来，有利于保证工程设计质量、责任主体明确，非常适合建筑设计的职业特性【 】。叶部长的这段话实际上是一种对私营建筑设计事务所的肯定与推动。而在20世纪90年代的中国，全国约有一万两千多家设计单位，其中约有一千多家甲级设计院，如果发展一二百家私营建筑设计事务所，就可能会动摇中国目前这个运行了半个多世纪的以国营综合设计院为主体的经营治理体制。但与此同时，私营建筑事务所是符合国际惯例的，顺应设计创新的内在规律的，其存在与发展已经是大势所趋，将是中国未来建筑设计发展的方向。因而，如何对应运而生的新生私营建筑事务所进行管控并使之健康、高效、可持续的发展，以及如何面对中国加入WTO后国际建筑事务所同行的冲击，这些都是需要从私营建筑事务所治理体制上进行分析、规范与调整从而使其顺应中国市场经济的发展。 随着2001年中国加入WTO，与私营建筑师事务所涌现同时另一个获得蓬勃发展的行业便是国际工程顾问业。从2000开始，越来越多的国际工程顾问在我国境内注册成立公司或设立办事处，并通过不断的参与各个工程领域越来越多的重点项目证实其自身的专业技术水平、高品质服务与科学的管理模式。但其与私有制建筑师事务所在中国当今都面临的同样的问题，即如何通过国家建设部的专业技术资质等级认证与授予，享有与国营综合设计院同等的承接完整项目的权力与义务履行。究其本源，是这两种公司管理与运营模式与国有设计院的不同。 国际工程顾问与建筑师事务所如何治理？本文通过公司治理理论中委托－代理理论与利益相关者理论结合这两类企业在公司的外部治理以及内部治理中的各自表现对这两个典型的治理模式，即信托制与合伙人制进行了分析与比较。并通过两种管理模式各自形成的背景、特点、市场及实际案例等方面的研究展示各自的优势与限制。在两种治理体系的比较论述中，对信托制的国际工程顾问企业治理方式的剖析中，引用了奥雅纳工程顾问发展演变的治理模式实例。从奥雅纳创建初期合伙人制逐步向信托委员会的过渡再到全部公司转变为信托制治理的发展全过程，阐述信托制对于工程顾问的作用与、意义与优势；在对合伙人制建筑事务所治理方式的分析上，从欧美建筑师执业制度开始，将之所以合伙人制适用于智力与知识性密集的建筑设计行业的本源，即注册建筑师与行业协会的监管体制引入对其公司所有制探讨的源头分析，这是了解合伙人制建筑设计事务所公司治理的基础。文中通过对全球著名建筑事务所公司治理流程的论述说明合伙人制事务所的基本治理架构。同时本文引用两大公司治理体系下丰富的实际案例来对比论证说明两种治理体系的不同与优劣势。 由于在涉及外资工程顾问行业及建筑师事务所管理方面的现有中文参考文献有限，因此文中大量的讨论、分析及案例都是基于真实存在的顾问公司、事务所及项目，故全文在最后进行总结时，也提出了在探讨中可能存在的主观性及偏颇。 本文采用理论分析、案例分析相结合的方法，对现实问题进行了论证与探讨，起到了对于研究这一领域的实际意义与创新精神。
英文摘要：	Mr Ye rutang, the vice minister of MOC, pointed out in his speech at the national Exploration & Design conference in 2000 that the Private Design Institute (DI) model fits in with the feature of architectural design profession because it associates designer's responsibilities with their credits, which will ensure the design quality. Mr Ye’s remark is a recognition for private architectural DI and its development. Since 1990's there are overall 12,000 DIs nationwide which includes 1000 first class DI. The development of one to two hundreds private DI would shake the management system which is dominated by the state-owned DI and has been running for half of a century. Setting up private DI is in line with the international convention and it is also subject to the law of design innovation; its existence and development is unavoidable and will become the future of China DI’s development. Therefore, how to manage the new private DI, how to face the international DI's impact to this industry, analysis needs to be carried out on how to manage the new system so that it can adapt to the development of China's market economy. Since China joined the WTO in 2001, in came the private architectural DI and another booming business, the International Engineering Consultancy (IEC). From 2000, more and more IECs registered their China company or representative offices in China and through involving in many important building projects they have demonstrated their advantages in technology, service and management system. Same as the private architectural DI, IEC is also facing the problem that how they can obtain the professional and technical qualification issued by MOC, which will enable them to enjoy the same right as the state-owned DI. The differences in management and operation systems between the two types of company are the fundamental obstacles. What's the operation and management system that the IEC and architecture DI adopted？Through exploring management theories and studying the two type of company, the research analyzed and compared two management systems: Trust and Partnership. Two system’s foundation base, characteristics etc are being explored to demonstrate their advantages and limitations. As there are limited reference materials on IEC and private DI, therefore research used many real cases and companies. Theory analysis and cases study methods were adopted in the research to explore the above issues.
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