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论文编号：	1675
作者编号：	041928
上传时间：	2010/5/24 14:47:44
中文题目：	中外企业竞争优势理论研究
英文题目：	Competitive advantage Evolutionary capability Emergence
指导老师：	杨斌
中文关键字：	竞争优势 进化能力 创发 洗练 凝华
英文关键字：	Competitive advantage Evolutionary capability Emergence
中文摘要：	近年来，在经济全球化、通讯技术与网络技术更新速度加快、市场需求结构变化迅速，顾客需求趋向个性化的背景下，企业的生存环境越来越变幻莫测，竞争优势的获取和保持变得愈加困难，企业平均寿命逐年递减。但是与此同时，一批卓越企业却能够在这样不确定和复杂的环境中生存并保持发展的势头。因此，我们会提出这样一系列问题：同样是面对一系列的变化和压力，为什么这些卓越的企业能够不断调整自己，最终生存下来并枝繁叶茂，而在外部环境条件相近、机会均等的条件下，其它企业却昙花一现？卓越企业保持其持续发展的强大动力是什么？为了揭示这些卓越企业成功的秘密和寻求中国企业在面临全球范围挑战下提升企业竞争力的道路，本研究试图以卓越企业的经营管理实践为基础，从进化能力生成机理的角度，以“创发—洗练—凝华”的路径视角分析卓越企业的“长寿”机理。企业进化能力是构筑竞争能力的能力，是企业在与环境不断互动的过程中累积形成的。它形成的基本过程具有不可逆性，反映了企业独特的经验与知识，是其它企业难以复制与模仿的，其建立和形成的路径是企业拥有持久优势的有效途径。 本研究主要运用文献综述、比较分析和案例研究等方法对卓越企业进化能力的生成机理进行研究。文章首先梳理了中外有关企业竞争优势理论的研究，总结和评价了各种理论学派的核心思想及局限性。在此基础上，文章对几个相关概念，如核心能力、战略柔性、动态能力等的内涵进行了辨析，并提出了本研究的核心概念——企业进化能力的定义。进而在借鉴路径依赖理论、看不见资产动力论、知识创造等理论的基础上，构筑了卓越企业进化能力的生成路径的分析框架，具体将其分为三个阶段：创发—洗练—凝华。随后，研究对这三个阶段进行了较为详细地描述和分析，同时结合进化能力生成的整个过程，总结了在企业进化能力生成过程中比较重要的几个影响要素。最后，研究通过对丰田发展和演变历史资料的整理，归纳了丰田汽车公司的进化能力生成和演变的过程，提出企业在深刻领悟组织内涵的基础上持之以恒积蓄地内部资源和能力是企业维持竞争优势的源泉。 本研究不仅丰富和完善了竞争优势，同时对于中国企业进一步提升企业竞争力有一定的现实意义。在变化日益复杂的环境下，中国企业不能随波逐流，而应该苦练内功、踏实经营，全方位提高自己的实力，沿着自己的发展道路不断地累积力量，培育出自己独特的进化能力，才能在激烈的全球竞争中占有一席之地，才能基业常青。
英文摘要：	In recent years, with the sharp change of environment, such as the economic globalization, the technology of communication and network is renovating fast, the structure of market is changing acutely, the demand form of customers is being more individuation, so the enterprises are meeting unprecedented challenges for survival and the mean lifetime of the firms are decreasing progressively year by year, so it’s difficult for them to gain and maintain competitive advantages and many of them do not know what to do and how to do. But many visionary companies are survival and growing stronger at the same time. So there are such questions: why the visionary companies can adapt the environment but others can’t when they meet the same challenges and changes? Why the visionary companies have the dynamic powers to make them great? What the powers are? In order to answer these questions and search the way of improve Chinese enterprises’ competences which is meeting the challenges from the world, the research tries to take the path views of emergence-extraction-condensation to analyze the forming mechanism of the visionary enterprises’ evolutionary capability on the references of the visionary companies. The evolutionary capability is a kind of ability which is able to build new competitive abilities and accumulate during the process of communicating with the environment. The process is an irreversible process which reflects the enterprise’s unique experience and knowledge, so other enterprises are unable to duplicate and imitate, its unique establishing path is an effective way for enterprises to keeping their sustained advantages. This research takes the methods of literature summarization, comparative analysis and case study to analyze the evolutionary capability’s forming mechanism of visionary enterprises. At first, the paper combs the related competitive advantage theories and summarizes the core ideas and limitations of each theory. Then, it compares three similar concepts: core competence, strategic flexibility and dynamic capability, after that the paper defines the core concept: evolutionary capability of this research. On the basis of path-dependence theory, dynamic theory of invisible property and knowledge creation theory, the paper construct a framework of the evolutionary capability’s establishing path of visionary enterprises and divides it into three stages: emergence, extraction and condensation, it’s the main part of this research. Following, the paper discusses these three stages in detail and summarizes the essential factors which impact the establishing path. Finally, under the studying of the Toyota’s phylogeny, the paper describes the establishing path of Toyota’s evolutionary capability and proposes that the fountainhead of keeping sustained competitive advantage is perseveringly accumulating and depositing the resources and abilities on the best understand of its own organization. This research not only enriches and improves the theory of the competitive advantage, but also means much more to the native companies which are facing the global challenges. The Chinese enterprises shouldn’t follow the way of the changing environments without the any aims. On the other hand, they should cultivate their unique evolutionary capabilities with the hard works, enhance and improve the companies’ competences roundly. That’s the way to keep competitive advantages and make the company last forever.
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