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论文编号：	16128
作者编号：	2120243834
上传时间：	2026/6/8 17:45:08
中文题目：	普惠金融对我国商业银行风险承担的影响研究
英文题目：	Research on the Impact of Inclusive Finance on the Risk-taking of Commercial Banks in China
指导老师：	王曼舒
中文关键字：	普惠金融；商业银行风险承担；数字化转型；贷款结构；付息成本
英文关键字：	Inclusive Finance; Commercial Bank Risk-Taking; Digital Transformation; Loan Structure; Interest-Bearing Costs
中文摘要：	在深化金融体制改革与普惠金融战略全面实施的叠加背景下，商业银行如何在服务长尾客群的同时有效控制风险，成为理论与实务界共同关注的焦点问题。党的二十大报告明确提出要守住不发生系统性金融风险的底线，而普惠金融的快速推进使得银行信贷资源加速向传统金融覆盖不足的小微企业、“三农”和低收入群体倾斜，这一转变对银行风险承担的影响究竟是“负担”还是“新引擎”尚存争议。与此同时，数字化转型的深入发展为破解普惠金融风险困境提供了技术支撑，但其在普惠金融与银行风险关系中的作用机制仍有待厘清。基于此，本文聚焦于普惠金融发展对商业银行风险承担水平的影响效应、具体作用路径以及数字化转型的调节作用，以期丰富相关理论研究并为政策制定提供实证依据。 本文首先在第一章阐述了研究背景与意义，明确了商业银行在金融体系中的主体地位以及普惠金融快速推进的现实情境，提出了核心研究问题。第二章系统回顾了金融排斥理论、金融中介理论、长尾理论等，并从普惠金融研究现状等四个维度展开文献综述，识别出已有研究在微观数据运用和机制检验方面的不足。第三章通过对我国商业银行普惠金融业务发展规模、机构格局与数字化转型的现状描述，结合理论分析推演出研究假设。第四章为实证研究部分，选取2015至2024年中国207家商业银行的面板数据作为研究样本进行实证检验。第五章在总结全文研究发现的基础上，提出针对性的政策建议，并指出研究局限与未来展望。 实证结果表明，普惠金融业务的开展显著降低了商业银行的风险承担水平。机制分析显示，普惠金融通过优化贷款结构实现风险分散效应，即“小额、分散”的业务特征降低了信贷资产的风险集中度；同时通过降低付息成本产生成本优化效应，稳定的核心存款积累削弱了银行追逐高风险资产的动机。进一步研究发现，数字化转型在普惠金融与银行风险的关系中发挥了显著的正向调节作用，数字技术通过缓解信息不对称、降低运营成本、强化风险管控等路径增强了普惠金融的风险缓释效应，此外异质性分析发现普惠金融发展水平对不同产权性质或地区商业银行的风险承担水平的影响是不同的。
英文摘要：	Under the background of deepening financial system reform and the full implementation of inclusive finance strategy, how commercial banks can effectively control risks while serving the long-tail customer groups has become a focus of attention in both theoretical and practical circles. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly states that the bottom line of not allowing systemic financial risks to occur must be held. The rapid advancement of inclusive finance has led to an accelerated tilt of bank credit resources towards small and micro enterprises, agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and low-income groups that have been insufficiently covered by traditional finance. Whether this transformation is a "burden" or a "new engine" for bank risk-taking remains controversial. Meanwhile, the in-depth development of digital transformation provides technical support for resolving the risk predicament of inclusive finance, but its mechanism of action in the relationship between inclusive finance and bank risk remains to be clarified. Based on this, this paper focuses on the impact of inclusive finance development on the risk-taking level of commercial banks, the specific paths of action, and the moderating role of digital transformation, with the aim of enriching relevant theoretical research and providing empirical evidence for policy-making. This paper first elaborates on the research background and significance in Chapter One, clarifies the dominant position of commercial banks in the financial system and the current situation of the rapid advancement of inclusive finance, and puts forward the core research questions. Chapter Two systematically reviews theories such as financial exclusion theory, financial intermediary theory, and the long-tail theory, and conducts a literature review from four dimensions including the current research status of inclusive finance, identifying the deficiencies in the use of micro data and mechanism testing in existing research. Chapter Three describes the current situation of the development scale, institutional structure, and digital transformation of inclusive finance business of Chinese commercial banks, and deduces research hypotheses through theoretical analysis. Chapter Four is the empirical research section, which selects the panel data of 207 Chinese commercial banks from 2015 to 2024 as the research sample for empirical testing. Chapter Five summarizes the research findings of the full text, puts forward targeted policy suggestions, and points out the research limitations and future prospects. The empirical results show that the development of inclusive finance business significantly reduces the risk-taking level of commercial banks. The mechanism analysis indicates that inclusive finance achieves a risk diversification effect through optimizing the loan structure, that is, the "small and dispersed" business characteristics reduce the risk concentration of credit assets; at the same time, it generates a cost optimization effect by reducing interest payment costs, and the accumulation of stable core deposits weakens the motivation of banks to pursue high-risk assets. Further research finds that digital transformation plays a significant positive moderating role in the relationship between inclusive finance and bank risk. Digital technology enhances the risk mitigation effect of inclusive finance through paths such as alleviating information asymmetry, reducing operating costs, and strengthening risk control. In addition, the heterogeneity analysis reveals that the development level of inclusive finance has different impacts on the risk-taking level of commercial banks with different property rights or in different regions.
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