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论文编号：	16008
作者编号：	1120221305
上传时间：	2026/6/2 16:36:56
中文题目：	西方图书馆学早期思想史研究（1627年-1810年）
英文题目：	Research on the History of Library Science Early Thought in the Western Period (1627-1810)
指导老师：	柯平
中文关键字：	西方图书馆学；图书馆学史；图书馆学思想；图书馆业务；图书馆
英文关键字：	Western Library Science; Thought of Library Science; History of Library Science;Library Business; Library
中文摘要：	思想史研究是学科史研究的重点和难点。在长期历史发展过程中，图书馆学形成了规范的研究体系和研究范式，不仅以系统的文献或知识形式留下了历史足迹，而且以留于纸本的丰富思想呈现出人类对图书馆学的认识发展史，体现着思想文化的历史发展连续性。回顾学科发展历程，我国图书馆学发展深受西方图书馆学影响，西方图书馆学也因其更加科学化的发展进程成为世界范围内图书馆学的重要议题。然而，现有研究多关注近现代西方图书馆学，较少对中世纪之后的近代早期图书馆学思想展开探究。学科的产生并非一蹴而就，学科思想也并非在学科产生之后才发展，因此，研究西方图书馆学早期思想不仅有助于从理论角度审视图书馆学发展脉络，准确把握图书馆学的发展历程，还可从实践角度为图书馆事业发展和中外图书馆学比较研究提供参考。 本研究通过明确的概念界定，以及对图书馆学发展的历史回顾后，认为西方图书馆学早期范畴为1627年至1810年。这一时期，作为现代社会科学分支的图书馆学尚未形成，既缺乏规范的社会科学研究方法，也没有基于研究发现的理论框架，图书馆事业实践主要依赖思想观念的支撑。因此，相较于制度和实践层面的考察，从思想观念入手，有助于把握图书馆学早期发展逻辑。以1627年作为起点，当时法国图书馆学家加布里埃尔·诺德发表《关于图书馆建立的意见书》，该书被誉为“第一本图书馆学理论书”；以1810年作为早期结束时间点，当时提出图书馆学概念的德意志图书馆学家马丁·施雷廷格撰写的《试用图书馆学教科书大全》第一卷（共三册）全部发表完毕。在此期间，法国、德意志地区、英国以及美国的图书馆学家围绕图书馆事业活动展开持续思考，产生了丰富的图书馆学思想。在此范畴内，研究者通过数据库检索、邮件往来和实地查阅等方式收集到加布里埃尔·诺德、克洛德·克莱门特、让·加尼埃、让·保罗·比尼翁、让·巴蒂斯特·戈登·德·乌赛、马丁·施雷廷格、格特弗利德·威廉·冯·莱布尼茨、弗里德里希·阿道夫·艾伯特、托马斯·布雷、约翰·杜里以及本杰明·富兰克林的著作、往来书信、小册子、规章制度等56份高度相关的一手原始史料及近60万字的译文为具体研究对象，在马克思主义历史唯物史观的指导下，以诠释学、知识社会学和语境主义为理论基础，运用叙事研究法、质性文本分析和专家访谈法展开西方图书馆学早期思想内涵研究。 通过对一手原始史料和已有相关二次文献的两轮三级编码，研究首先构建了西方图书馆学早期思想分析框架，为后续思想主题的深入分析提供初步坐标。随后，以专家指标评价和访谈法对思想主题进行修正，加之对这一时期西方政治、经济、文化和技术环境的全景扫描，最终确立了馆藏建设、藏书秩序化、馆职和图书馆本质的理解四大西方图书馆学早期思想主题内涵。对思想主题进行二次整合后，研究分别围绕馆藏建设与保管、藏书秩序化与利用、图书馆职业与图书馆本质三大主题展开论述。 研究发现，在1627年至1810年的西方图书馆学早期范畴内，图书馆学思想形成以藏书和秩序化为轴心，以馆职人员为主体，最终指向馆藏利用的逻辑链条。围绕这一逻辑链条，西方图书馆学在藏书建设、馆藏秩序化、馆职人员和图书馆本质理解方面产生了诸多思想。具体而言，这一时期，图书馆被视为承载政治权力、宗教信仰与学术理想的重要空间，其选址、布局与安全设计反映了时代的审美观念；在藏书收集与保管思想中，这一时期图书馆学家们普遍强调数量与质量并重、价值中立与多渠道获取藏书。随着印刷术普及与馆藏规模扩张，馆藏秩序化思想逐渐成形，通过分类、排列与目录编制实现知识的可识别和可检索，并最终指向以利用为中心的价值取向。与此同时，图书馆馆职人员被赋予明确的职业规范与道德责任，个人的知识结构成为图书馆实现利用的关键。由此，这一时期的西方图书馆已具备相当规模的书籍收藏、保存人类记忆和传播声望、以学术交流和开放为主要目的，承担着教育、宗教和学术职能。研究同时梳理了图书馆学家的个体思想，最终呈现出整体和个体思想交织的西方图书馆学早期思想发展轨迹。图17幅，表23个，参考文献383篇。
英文摘要：	The dissertation of intellectual history represents both the focal point and the greatest challenge in the history of disciplines. Over its long historical development, library science has formed a standardized research system and paradigm. It has not only preserved its historical footprints in the form of systematic literature or knowledge but also, through the rich ideas recorded on paper, presents the history of human understanding of library science, reflecting the historical continuity of intellectual and cultural development. Reviewing the discipline’s evolution, Chinese library science has been profoundly influenced by its Western counterpart. Western library science, with its more scientifically oriented development, has become a pivotal topic globally. Existing research predominantly focuses on modern and contemporary Western library science, with limited exploration of early modern library thought following the Middle Ages. Therefore, studying the early ideas of Western library science not only helps examine the development trajectory of library science from a theoretical perspective and provides valuable intellectual insights for accurately grasping the starting point and direction of library science development, but also offers references for the future advancement of Chinese library science. After a clear definition of the concept and a historical review of the development of library science, this study believes that the early category of Western library science was from 1627 to 1810. During this period, library science, as a branch of modern social science, has not yet formed. It neither lacks standardized social science research methods nor the theoretical framework based on research findings. The practice of library cause mainly depends on the support of ideas. Therefore, compared with the investigation of system and practice, starting from the ideological concept is helpful to grasp the early development logic of library science. Taking 1627 as the starting point, the French library scientist Gabriel Naudé published the Advis pour Dresser Une Bibliothèque, which was known as the first theoretical book of library science. Taking 1810 as the early end point, the first volume of the Versuch eines vollst?ndigen Lehrbuchs der Bibliothek-Wissenschaft, oder Anleitung zur vollkommenen Gesch?ftsführung eines Bibliothekars in A wissenschaftlicher From abgefasst written was published by Martin Schretinger, a German librarian who proposed the concept of library science. During this period, library scientists in France, Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States continued to think about library activities and produced a wealth of library science ideas. Through database retrieval, mail exchanges and field visits, Gabriel Nord, Claud Clement, Jean Gagnier, Jean Paul Benignon, Jean Baptiste Gordon de Usay, Martin Schrettinger, Gertfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, Friedrich Adolf Albert, Thomas Bray, John Dooley and Benjamin Franklin’s works, correspondence, pamphlets, rules and regulations, etc., 56 highly relevant first-hand original historical materials and nearly 600,000 word translations are collected as specific research objects, based on hermeneutics, sociology of knowledge and contextualism. This paper uses narrative research method, qualitative text analysis and expert interview method to study the early ideological connotation of western library science. The dissertation first constructs an early conceptual framework of Western library science, providing preliminary analytical coordinates for subsequent analysis. Through a three coding process of primary historical materials and existing secondary literature, the research identifies preliminary conceptual dimensions. These dimensions were then refined through expert reviews and interviews, supplemented by a comprehensive examination of the contemporary western political, economic, cultural, and technological landscape. This process ultimately established four core conceptual dimensions: collection development, systematization of holdings, professional identity, and understanding of the library’s essence. These dimensions are explored through three thematic strands: collection development and preservation, systematization and utilization of holdings, and the library profession and its fundamental nature. The study reveals that, at the level of collection development, libraries were regarded as significant spaces embodying political power, religious beliefs, and academic ideals. Their site selection, layout, and security design reflected the aesthetic concepts of the time. In terms of book collections and preservation, emphasis was placed on balancing quantity and quality, maintaining value neutrality, and pursuing multi-channel acquisition. With the spread of printing and expanding collections, the concept of organizing collections gradually took shape. Through classification, arrangement, and cataloging, knowledge became identifiable and retrievable, ultimately pointing toward a value orientation centered on utilization. Simultaneously, library professionals were assigned clear professional norms and ethical responsibilities, with their knowledge structure becoming crucial to achieving the library’s purpose. During this period(1627-1810), library science thought was centered on book collecting and organization, with the utilization of library holdings as its primary goal. The study reveals that, during this period libraries possessed substantial book collections, embodied the preservation of human memory and dissemination of prestige, and served educational, religious, and scholarly functions primarily through academic exchange and openness, Library-keepers were the main driving force throughout this development process. This dissertation also traces the individual ideas of library thinkers, ultimately presenting the interwoven trajectory of early western library thought development. 17 figures, 23 tables, and 383 references are included in total.
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