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论文编号：	14843
作者编号：	2320223839
上传时间：	2024/12/4 14:33:22
中文题目：	N村镇银行信贷业务风险管理改进研究
英文题目：	Research on Improvement of Credit Business Risk Management in N Rural Bank
指导老师：	陆宇建
中文关键字：	村镇银行；信贷业务；风险管理；农村金融
英文关键字：	Rural Bank; Credit Business; Risk Management; Rural Finance
中文摘要：	党的十九大做出实施乡村振兴战略的重大决策部署，要求满足乡村振兴多样化金融需求。2023年4月银保监会发布《银行业保险业做好2023年全面推进乡村振兴重点工作的通知》，提出要推动村镇银行结构性重组。目前村镇银行普遍存在资产规模小、公司治理能力弱、业务结构单一、抗风险能力差的问题。村镇银行的主要营收来源依赖于信贷业务，但其信贷业务风险管理混乱，资产质量差等诸多现状限制了村镇银行的稳健经营。在中国人民银行2023年发布的《中国金融稳定报告》提到，2020年至2022年中国人民银行累计识别的预警银行中，村镇银行和农村商业银行占比达71%。以此可以看出目前村镇银行生存所面临的困境，所以为了更好落实金融改革，适应经济市场的变化，村镇银行亟需提升自身经营管理水平，改善资产质量，增强抵御和抗击风险的能力。 本文以N村镇银行为案例，基于COSO企业风险管理整合框架、信息不对称理论和巴塞尔协议管理框架，利用文献分析法、实地调研法、案例分析法，分析N村镇银行治理、管理现状及信贷业务风险管理存在的问题。N村镇银行随着业务发展在所在县域虽已有部分稳定的客源和一定知名度，但是在信贷业务风险管理方面，在战略目标的设定、风险识别、风险评估、风险应对四个环节均存在不足之处，在一定程度上对信贷业务风险管理产生了负面影响；其中战略目标设定方面存在发展现状与战略目标不匹配等问题，风险识别方面存在外部市场风险认识不足、贷前调查及贷后管理环节风险识别不到位等问题，风险评估方面存在信用评级不够细化、信贷审批无法充分评估信贷风险等问题，风险应对方面存在大额贷款控制不足、增信措施不及预期等问题。 基于对上述问题的剖析，寻找问题成因，提出改进建议及优化措施，通过细化风险管理战略目标、优化信贷业务风险管理来强化信贷业务风险管理，并以及实施相应保障措施来对信贷风险管理进行自上而下的全行整合，以期实际解决N村镇银行信贷业务风险管理面临的问题，并对同类型金融机构的重组变革提供一定参考性指引。
英文摘要：	The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made a major decision and deployment to implement the rural revitalization strategy, requiring it to meet the diversified financial needs of rural revitalization.In April 2023, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission issued the "Notice on the Banking and Insurance Industry's Key Tasks for Comprehensively Promoting Rural Revitalization in 2023", proposing to promote structural reorganization of rural banks. Currently, rural banks generally face issues such as small asset size, weak corporate governance capabilities,simplistic business structures,and poor risk resistance. Essentially, the main source of revenue for rural banks relies on credit businesses, but the chaotic risk management and poor asset quality of their credit businesses have restricted the stable operation of rural banks. According to the“ China Financial Stability Report” released by the People's Bank of China in 2023, from2020 to 2022, rural banks and rural commercial banks accounted for 71% of the early warning banks identified by the People's Bank of China. This highlights the difficulties faced by rural banks in their survival Therefore, to better imple-ment financial reforms and adapt to changes in the economic market, rural banks urgently need to enhance their operational and management capabilities, impro-ve asset quality, and strengthen their ability to resist and combat risks. Taking N Rural Bank as a case study and guided by the COSO ERM Framework, Information Asymmetry Theory and Basel Framework, this dissertation uses literature analysis, field research, and case analysis methods to deeplyanalyze the governance, management status, and credit business risk management challenges of N Rural Bank. After analysis, it’s believed that although N Rural Bank has developed a stable client base and certain reputation in its county with business development, N Rural Bank exhibits deficiencies in fourkey aspects of credit risk management: strategic objective setting, risk identification, risk assessment, and risk response, which have negatively impacted its credit risk management to some extent. Specifically, there is a mismatch between its current development status and strategic objectives in terms of strategic goal setting; insufficient understanding of external market risks and inadequate risk identification in pre-loan investigation and post-loan management in terms of risk identification; overly broad credit ratings and insufficient assessment of credit risks in credit approval in terms of risk assessment; and inadequate control over large loans and less-than-expected credit enhancement measures in terms of risk response. Based on the analysis of these issues, this dissertation identifies their causes and proposes improvement suggestions and optimization measures. By refining risk management strategic objectives and optimizing credit risk management,the bank can strengthen its credit risk management. Additionally, implementing corresponding safeguard measures enables a top-down integration of credit risk management across the entire bank, aiming to practically address the challenges faced by N Rural Bank in credit risk management and provide referential guidance for the restructuring and reform of similar financial institutions.
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