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论文编号：	14635
作者编号：	2120223706
上传时间：	2024/6/5 15:56:47
中文题目：	职业期望对大学生求职结果的双刃剑效应 ——基于社会认知职业理论
英文题目：	The double-edged sword effect of career expectation on the job search outcomes of college students ——Based on social cognitive career theory
指导老师：	王琳琳
中文关键字：	毕业生职业期望；职业探索；求职焦虑；社会支持；求职结果
英文关键字：	Career expectation of graduates; Career exploration; Job search anxiety; Social support; Job search outcomes
中文摘要：	就业是当今社会的热点话题，高校毕业生高质量充分就业对于增进家庭民生福祉、提高人民生活品质具有基础性作用。校园招聘作为解决毕业生就业的主要举措，是企业储备人才、保证运作活力的重要途径，因此，毕业生求职结果与企业人力资源管理工作以及业务发展息息相关。而随着毕业生人数逐年增加以及经济下行压力等环境因素的作用，使得毕业生求职压力增加、就业形势严峻。然而，一头是就业难，一头却是职场新人“闪辞”短工化现象增加，在这背后除了现实问题导致的劳动力市场供需矛盾和结构性矛盾之外，也存在大学生择业观念偏差以及对就业形势认识不清给求职结果带来的消极影响。职业期望作为高校毕业生对未来期望从事职业工作内容、内外在价值等因素的向往和目标，其能否实现除了取决于个人素质和社会需求等因素外，还与职业期望值的设定高低密切相关，并将对求职过程及最终求职结果产生重要影响。 基于社会认知职业理论，本研究通过文献回顾进行问卷设计并针对应届大学毕业生收集了 409 份数据以探究职业期望通过求职焦虑和职业探索对求职结果的双刃剑效应，并将社会支持作为调节。运用 SPSS 及 MPLUS 软件对模型及假设进行检验，实证结果显示：一方面，职业期望可能导致求职焦虑进而负面影响求职结果；另一方面，职业期望也会通过促进毕业生的积极职业探索从而带来好的求职结果。上述间接关系受到社会支持的调节作用，即社会支持较高时，会缓解职业期望通过求职焦虑对求职结果的负面关系而促进其通过职业探索对求职结果的积极间接作用。 综上所述，本研究利用辩证的思路探讨了职业期望对毕业生求职结果的双刃剑效应机制，丰富了大学生就业领域职业期望这一个体要素的影响效应研究。从实践角度有助于毕业生加深对于职业期望积极与消极作用产生过程的理解，并通过设置合理职业期望、充分利用社会支持资源以加强就业稳定性；社会也应该创造公平的就业氛围并加大就业支持；企业应当完善人力资源管理制度，满足人才的职业成长期望；高校则应当将职业期望指导贯穿大学学习和生活的全过程；学生家长则应给予毕业生精神和物质的双重支持，尊重其就业选择。
英文摘要：	Employment is a hot topic in today's society. High-quality and full employment of graduates plays a fundamental role in improving the well-being of families and the quality of people's lives. As the main measure to solve the employment of graduates, campus recruitment becomes a significant way for enterprises to reserve talents and guarantee the vitality of operation. Therefore, graduates' job search outcomes are closely related to the human resource management and business development of enterprises. However, the number of graduates is still increasing year by year. Combined with external environmental factors such as economic downturn pressure, the pressure on graduates to find jobs has increased and the employment situation is severe. However, on one hand, it is difficult to get a job, and on the other hand, the phenomenon of "quick quit" by new professionals in the workplace has increased, leading to a trend of short-term employment, behind this lies not only the supply-demand contradiction and structural contradiction in the labor market caused by practical problems, but also negative effects on job search outcomes caused by the deviation of college students' career concept and the unclear understanding of employment situation. Career expectation is the expectation and goal of college graduates for the content of their future career, internal and external value, etc. Whether it can be realized depends on factors such as personal quality and social demand, and is closely related to the setting level of career expectation, which will have an important impact on the process and final job search outcomes of graduates. Based on social cognitive career theory , this study conducted questionnaire design through literature review and collected 409 data for fresh college graduates to explore the double-edged sword effect of career expectation on job search outcomes. At the same time, social support is used as a mediator. Finally, SPSS and MPLUS software are used to test the model and hypothesis. Empirical results show that：on the one hand, career expectation may lead to job search anxiety and then negatively affect job search outcomes；on the other hand, career expectation can also bring good job search outcomes by promoting graduates' active career exploration. At the same time, the above indirect relationship is moderated by social support, that is, when the level of social support is high, the negative relationship between career expectation and job search anxiety will be alleviated, and the positive indirect effect of career expectation on job search outcomes will be promoted through career exploration. To sum up, this study uses a dialectical approach to explore the double-edged sword effect mechanism of career expectation on the job search outcomes of college graduates, which enriches the study on the influence effect of career expectation, an important individual factor in the field of employment of college students. From a practical point of view, the research conclusion can help graduates deepen their understanding of the process of positive and negative effects of career expectation, encourage them to set reasonable career expectation and fully use social support resources, and help strengthen their employment stability. The society should also create a fair employment atmosphere and increase employment support; Enterprises should improve their human resource management system, and meet talents’ career growth expectations; Colleges and universities should guide the career expectation through the whole process of college study and life. As for students' parents, they should give both spiritual and material support to graduates and respect their employment choices.
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