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论文编号：	14067
作者编号：	1120191070
上传时间：	2023/6/8 15:42:10
中文题目：	重大突发事件信息公开驱动的公众信息行为及感知赋能研究
英文题目：	Study on Public Information Behavior and Perceived Empowerment Driven by Information Disclosure in Major Emergencies
指导老师：	李月琳
中文关键字：	重大突发事件；信息公开质量；信息行为；信息公开赋能；感知赋能感
英文关键字：	Major emergencies; Quality of government information disclosure ; Information behavior; Government information disclosure empowerment; Perceived empowerment
中文摘要：	信息公开是政府向公众提供的一项信息服务，由政府信息公开制度保障，而我国的信息公开制度相对发展较晚，对于信息公开的实践仍在摸索和完善当中，尚未有成熟的法律，更多是依照行政法规《中华人民共和国政府信息公开条例》的指导进行信息公开实践。为促进我国信息公开制度和实践的进步，相关研究长期受到实践领域和学术领域的关注，在如何提高信息公开质量、发挥信息公开作用等领域取得了丰富的成果。但是，此类研究往往是对一般信息公开质量的研究，且停留在信息公开对利益相关者的影响。而突发的新冠疫情波及全球，极大地扰乱了人们正常的学习、工作和生活秩序，打破了社会的常态化运转，塑造了全新的社会环境，并由此带来了诸多的不确定性。因此，需要关注重大突发事件中政府信息公开所引起的公众需求、公众信息行为等具体领域，尤其针对重大突发事件中政府信息公开的质量、信息公开如何提升公众应对突发事件的能力进行研究。本研究以信息公开赋能为突破口，探索公众在获取信息过程中所表现出的对信息公开质量的需求、特定情境下的信息行为，并基于此探究信息公开是如何赋能公众，使其获得或提升应对突发事件的能力。 本研究采用了半结构化深度访谈、问卷调查、质性编码分析、回归分析和模糊集定性比较分析等多种研究方法，通过对定性和定量研究方法相互结合、相互印证的方式展开研究，研究主要分为三个分析阶段。第一阶段是进行访谈数据收集和分析，从访谈材料中提取公众在面对重大突发事件时，如何获取政府公开的信息、对信息公开有何需求、如何评价信息公开质量、产生了怎样的信息行为、以及信息公开如何完成赋能，获得围绕研究问题和目标所涉及到的主要构念及构念间关系，为之后进一步的假设和检验提供理论基础。第二阶段是基于对访谈材料进行质性分析的结果，针对所涉及的关系进行假设，结合理论和现有研究设计问卷，进行问卷的收集，并通过logistic回归和多元层级回归分析数据，验证所发现的构念间的关系，完成对研究问题的回答。第三阶段，是在构念间关系得到验证的基础上，建立起合适的组态分析模型，通过模糊集定性比较分析的方法，进一步探究所设置的前因条件如何有效地组合对赋能产生影响，并提炼出相关路径。 本研究主要发现以下五个方面：（1）公众获取重大突发事件政府信息公开的过程中，对信息获取方式的选择存在优先度差异，且主要关注信息源、信息渠道和信息表达形式等三个要素。（2）公众对重大突发事件政府信息公开的需求可归纳为安全保障性信息、社会相关动态、事件相关知识和正面引导性信息等4个维度的信息需求，以及公开机制、平台建设、发布过程、形式选择和权利体现等5个维度过程需求，并以此提炼出信息公开的信息质量和过程质量两个评价维度。（3）公众在面对重大突发事件政府信息公开时，主要产生了信息搜寻、被动信息获取、信息分享和信息验证四种行为，且都受到了信息公开质量的影响。四种行为产生了适应特定情境的特征，分别表现在信息搜寻策略、被动信息获取预期、信息分享价值、信息验证确定性四个方面。（4）信息公开赋能具体分为赋能过程和赋能结果两个阶段，信息公开对公众的赋能过程主要从帮助公众提升认知、控制情感、培养意识和塑造行为四个维度实现的，最终结果是使公众感知到了其对突发事件的应对能力的获得和提升。（5）公众的高感知赋能感主要可以通过四种路径获得，信息确认驱动型路径、信息易得驱动型路径、双元共同驱动型路径、行为主导驱动型路径，而导致低感知赋能感的路径包括，信息不足引发型路径、获得受阻引发型路径、双元缺失引发型路径、行为缺失引发型路径。 本研究在探究信息公开赋能的过程中，厘清了影响公众获取过程中涉及的关系和需要得到关注的要素及因素，识别了公众对信息公开的需求和质量评价维度，探索了重大突发事件情境下面对信息公开的信息行为及特征，最终发现和验证了信息公开赋能路径，建立起“政府—公众”双元驱动下的公众感知赋能感的整合框架。一方面有助于政府了解公众需求和行为，可以调整信息公开工作以提高其效率和质量，另一方面也丰富了突发事件情境下的信息公开、信息行为和赋能研究，搭建了公众需求和政府实践的协同路径，为进一步探索相关领域提供了理论和实践支持。
英文摘要：	Government information disclosure(GID) is an information service provided by the government to the public, which is guaranteed by the GID system. However, China's GID system has developed relatively late, and the practice of GID is still in the process of exploration and improvement. There is no mature law yet and the practice of GID is carried out in accordance with the guidance of the administrative regulations "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Disclosure of Government Information". In order to promote the progress of China's GID system and practice, relevant research has long been concerned by the practical and academic fields, and has made rich achievements in how to improve the quality of GID and the role of GID. However, such research often focuses on the quality of general GID and focuses on the impact of GID on stakeholders. The COVID-19 epidemic spread all over the world, greatly disrupting the normal order of people's study, work and life, breaking the normal operation of society, creating a new social environment, and thus bringing many uncertainties. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the public information needs, public information behavior and other specific fields caused by GID in major emergencies, especially the quality of GID in major emergencies, and how to improve the public's ability to cope to emergencies. This study takes the empowerment of GID as a breakthrough, and gradually explores the public's needs for the quality of GID and information behavior in the process of information acquisition, and based on this, explores how GID empowers the public to obtain or improve the ability to cope to emergencies. This study uses a variety of research methods. The qualitative and quantitative research methods are combined and mutually confirmed. The research is divided into three analysis stages. The first stage is to collect and analyze the interview data, extract from the interview materials how the publics get the information disclosed by the government in the face of major emergencies, and what is the needs for information disclosure, and what is the information behavior generated, and how the information disclosure completes the empowerment, and get the main constructs and the relationship between the constructs involved in the research questions and objectives, and provide a theoretical basis for further hypothesis and test. The second stage is based on the results of the qualitative analysis of the interview materials, raise the hypothesis and design questionnaires in combination with theories and existing research, collect the questionnaire, and verify the relationship between the constructs through logistic regression and multiple hierarchical regression, and complete the answers to most research questions. The third stage is to establish an appropriate configuration analysis model based on the verification of the relationship between constructs. Through the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method, further explore how the set conditions can be effectively combined to have an impact on empowerment, and extract the relevant path. This study mainly finds the following five points: (1) The public has a preference for information acquisition mode in the process of get government information publicity of major emergencies, and focuses on three main factors: information source, information channel and information form. (2) The public's needs for GID in major emergencies can be summarized into four dimensions of information needs, including security information, social information, emergence-related knowledge, and positive reports from GID, and five dimensions of process needs, including disclosure mechanism, platform construction, release process, form selection and right realization, and two evaluation dimensions of information quality and process quality of information disclosure can be extracted. (3) When facing the GID of major emergencies, the public mainly produces four behaviors: information seeking behavior, passive information acquisition behavior, information sharing behavior and information verification behavior, which are all affected by the quality of GID. The four behaviors have corresponding adaptive characteristics, which are shown in four aspects: information seeking strategy, passive information acquisition expectation, information sharing value, and information verification certainty. (4) The empowerment of GID can be divided into two stages: the empowerment process and the empowerment result. The empowerment process of GID to the public is mainly realized from the four dimensions of helping the public to improve their cognition, control their emotions, cultivate their awareness and shape their behavior, and finally make the public feel the acquisition and improvement of their ability to cope to major emergencies. (5) The realization of high perceived empowerment can be realized mainly through four paths, namely, information confirmation drive path, information available drive path, dual co-drive path, and behavior dominant drive path. The paths that lead to low perceived empowerment include information deficiency drive path, information unavailable drive path, dual missing drive path, and behavior missing drive path. In the process of exploring the empowerment of GID, this study clarified the relationships and the elements involved in the process of public get information from GID, identified the public's needs and quality evaluation dimensions for GID, explored the information behavior and characteristics of GID under the situation of major emergencies. Finally this study found and verified the path of GID empowerment, and establish an integrated framework of public perceived empowerment driven by "government-public" perspective. On the one hand, it helps the government understand the public needs and behaviors, and can optimize the GID work to improve its efficiency and quality. On the other hand, it also enriches the research on GID, information behavior and empowerment in the context of major emergencies, builds a collaborative path between public needs and government practice, and provides theoretical and practical support for further exploration of relevant fields.
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