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论文编号：	14039
作者编号：	1120180944
上传时间：	2023/6/7 23:01:29
中文题目：	中国跨国企业海外市场适应能力构建机制及其对国际化成长绩效影响研究
英文题目：	Research on the Construction Mechanism of Overseas Market Adaptive Capacity of Chinese Multinational Enterprises and Its Influence on International Growth Performance
指导老师：	许晖
中文关键字：	国际化动机；海外市场适应能力；国际化成长绩效；资源约束；制度复杂性；国际环境动荡性
英文关键字：	International motivation; Overseas market adaptive capacity; International growth performance; Resource constraints; Institutional complexity; International environment volatility
中文摘要：	随着中国经济的快速发展与腾飞，中国跨国企业也在持续扩大其国际影响力，并逐渐成为全球经济与贸易发展的新引擎。与此同时，“以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进”的双循环发展新格局强调中国跨国企业以深度参与数字技术革命和新的“内向国际化”模式，推动其在更高水平实现动态均衡与快速成长。事实上，相比于欧美等发达市场国家的跨国企业，由于中国跨国企业的国际化进程起步较晚，不仅缺少参与国际竞争所必要的管理知识、技术、品牌以及渠道等方面的关键性优质资源，而且也面临更为复杂的母国与东道国制度环境。因此，中国跨国企业的国际扩张通过进入海外市场寻求战略资产与市场机会以规避资源约束与制度复杂性的双重制约，并在海外市场拓展过程中展现出“适应性”的能力特征，其海外市场适应能力对于实现国际化成长和快速追赶发挥了重要的作用。但随着中国跨国企业逐渐实现从“追赶”到“超越”的身份转变，其国际化进程也从“走出去”“走进去”阶段向“走上去”阶段跃迁，其所面临的国际市场运营环境日益复杂。同时，随着“去全球化”愈演愈烈、贸易保护主义升级、中美贸易摩擦与脱钩以及全球供应链重塑，国际市场环境的复杂性与动荡性更为显著，致使中国跨国企业在全球竞争中面临新的问题与挑战。如何进一步构建和升级海外市场适应能力，成为当前中国跨国企业有效应对复杂动荡的国际市场环境、维系和促进国际化成长的关键。 现有文献已经探讨中国跨国企业国际扩张的情境、动机与路径特征，为理解中国跨国企业的国际化成长过程提供了大量有益的理论洞见。然而，传统的跨国企业理论架构于发达市场跨国企业国际化实践的基础上，并不能完全解释资源约束与制度复杂性情境下中国跨国企业国际化成长的独特性。针对中国跨国企业国际扩张的独特情境与快速成长特征，跳板理论、复合基础观等新兴理论指出，中国跨国企业国际化动机是在全球范围内寻求战略资产与市场机会，对于规避资源约束与制度复杂性的国际扩张情境和实现快速国际化成长具有重要作用，但相关研究未能阐释中国跨国企业这种国际化动机如何影响其国际化成长绩效的具体作用机制。同时，尽管现有文献强调了“适应能力”对于中国跨国企业有效应对母国与东道国制度环境差异、全球需求异质性以及国际环境动荡性等方面的重要作用，但对于中国跨国企业如何在资源约束与制度复杂性情境下构建和提升海外市场适应能力，以及如何进一步促进其国际化成长绩效等问题尚未能清晰地解释与描述。 因此，基于中国跨国企业国际化成长的独特情境与路径特征，本文构建并检验“国际化动机—海外市场适应能力构建—国际化成长绩效”理论框架，揭示了中国跨国企业快速实现国际化成长的内在机理。本文的研究结论主要包括：（1）国际化动机为中国跨国企业提升国际化成长绩效提供了必要的资源和机遇，战略资产寻求与市场机会寻求对于国际化成长绩效不同维度的作用具有一定的差异性；（2）中国跨国企业通过海外市场适应能力构建充分利用和有效转化其所寻求的战略资产和市场机会，并在国际化动机与国际化成长绩效之间发挥着关键性的中介作用；（3）资源约束和制度复杂性是中国跨国企业国际扩张的重要情境因素，在国际化动机与海外市场适应能力构建之间具有调节效应并呈现出较大的差异性；（4）国际环境动荡性也是中国跨国企业国际扩张的情境因素，在海外市场适应能力构建与国际化成长绩效之间具有调节效应。 本文的理论贡献主要体现在以下方面：（1）基于中国跨国企业国际扩张的独特情境，提炼了资源与制度双重因素制约下中国跨国企业国际化动机的新内涵与构成维度，贡献于国际化动机的传统理论研究缺乏适用性以及中国跨国企业国际化动机研究对于国际扩张情境独特性考虑不足所造成的理论缺口；（2）基于中国跨国企业“适应性”能力特征所展开的海外市场适应能力构建研究，从敏捷性学习、灵活性重构与复合式创新维度解构了海外市场适应能力构建机制，打开了中国跨国企业如何在国际市场动荡环境中有效实现快速成长的“黑箱”，推动了“复合式跳板”理论框架和动态能力理论的结合与深化；（3）基于国际化动机与海外市场适应能力构建交互视角下中国跨国企业国际化成长绩效研究，从时间加速和价值增值视角提炼了中国跨国企业国际化成长绩效的构成维度与提升路径，补充了现有国际化绩效文献对于中国跨国企业成长特征考虑不足所造成的理论缺口，也为后续研究提供了整合性理论分析框架；（4）基于资源约束、制度复杂性与国际环境动荡性的情境因素研究，考量了不同情境因素对于国际化动机、海外市场适应能力构建与国际化成长绩效的差异化影响，弥补现有研究对中国跨国企业国际扩张情境因素考虑不够充分的理论缺口。
英文摘要：	With the rapid development of China's economy, Chinese multinational enterprises are also continuously expanding their international influence and gradually becoming a new engine of global economic and trade development. At the same time, the new development pattern of double cycle, "with the domestic great cycle as the main body and the domestic and international double cycle promoting each other", emphasizes that Chinese transnational enterprises can realize dynamic balance and rapid growth at a higher level by deeply participating in the digital technology revolution and the new "inward internationalization" mode. In fact, compared to multinational enterprises in developed market countries such as Europe and the United States, due to the late start of the internationalization process of Chinese multinational enterprises, they not only lack the key high-quality resources in terms of management knowledge, technology, brands, and channels necessary to participate in international competition, but also face a more complex institutional environment in their home and host countries. Therefore, the international expansion of Chinese multinational enterprises avoids the dual constraints of resource constraints and institutional complexity by entering overseas markets to seek strategic assets and market opportunities, and exhibits the ability to "adapt" in the process of overseas market expansion. Their overseas market adaptive capacity plays an important role in achieving international growth and rapid catch-up.However, as Chinese multinational enterprises gradually realize the identity transformation from "catching up" to "surpassing", their internationalization process has also shifted from the "going out" and "going in" stages to the "going up" stage, and the international market operating environment they face is becoming increasingly complex. At the same time, with the intensification of "de globalization", the escalation of trade protectionism, the rise of technological nationalism, trade frictions and decoupling between China and the United States, and the reshaping of global supply chains, the complexity and volatility of the international market environment are becoming more significant, causing Chinese multinational enterprises to face new issues and challenges in global competition. Therefore, how to further build and upgrade the overseas market adaptive capacity has become the key for Chinese multinational enterprises to effectively cope with the complex and volatile international market environment, maintain and promote international growth. Existing literature has discussed the unique situation, growth path and performance characteristics of the international growth of Chinese multinational enterprises, providing a lot of useful theoretical insights for understanding the process and mechanism of the international growth of Chinese multinational enterprises. However, the traditional growth theory of multinational enterprises is based on the internationalization practice of multinational enterprises in developed economies such as Europe and the United States, and cannot fully explain the uniqueness of the international growth of Chinese multinational enterprises in the context of resource constraints and institutional complexity. In view of the unique situation and rapid growth characteristics of Chinese multinational enterprises' international expansion, springboard theory and its subsequent relevant studies point out that Chinese multinational enterprises enter overseas markets by aggressive foreign direct investment, and their internationalization motivation is to seek strategic assets and market opportunities in the global market. It plays an important role in avoiding resource constraints and institutional complexity of international expansion and realizing rapid international growth. However, it fails to explain and describe the specific mechanism of how internationalization motivation affects the performance of Chinese multinational enterprises' internationalization growth. At the same time, although the existing literature emphasizes the important role of "adaptability" for Chinese multinational enterprises to effectively cope with the differences in market and institutional environment between the host country and the home country, the heterogeneity of global demand and the volatility of international environment, the question of how Chinese multinational enterprises can construct and improve the adaptability of overseas markets under the context of resource constraints and institutional complexity, and how to further improve its international growth performance have not been clearly explained. Based on this, in view of the unique situation and path characteristics of the international growth of Chinese multinational enterprises, this paper constructs and tests the theoretical framework of "internationalization motivation - construction of overseas market adaptive capacity - international growth", reveals the internal mechanism of Chinese transnational enterprises to rapidly realize their international growth, and the research conclusions mainly include: (1) Internationalization motivation provides necessary resources and opportunities for Chinese multinational enterprises to improve their internationalization growth performance. Strategic asset seeking and market opportunity seeking have different effects on different dimensions of internationalization growth performance. (2) Chinese multinational enterprises make full use of and effectively transform the key quality resources and overseas market expansion opportunities obtained by the pursuit of strategic assets and market opportunities through the construction of overseas market adaptability, which play an important intermediary role between internationalization motivation and internationalization growth performance; (3) Resource constraints and institutional complexity are endogenous and exogenous situations of Chinese multinational enterprises' international expansion, which have an important moderating effect and a large difference between internationalization motivation and the construction of overseas market adaptability; (4) The volatility of international environment is the exogenous situation of the international expansion of Chinese multinational enterprises, which has an important moderating effect on the construction of overseas market adaptability and the performance of international growth, and presents a large difference. The theoretical contribution of this paper is mainly reflected in the following four aspects: (1) Based on the international expansion context features of resource constraints and institutional complexity of Chinese transnational enterprises, the internationalization motivation strategy selection of Chinese transnational enterprises and its effect on internationalization growth performance from the perspective of springboard theory are studied. It can contribute to the theoretical gap caused by the insufficient consideration of the uniqueness of the international expansion situation in the study of the internationalization motivation of Chinese multinational enterprises. (2) Based on the characteristics of adaptability of Chinese multinational enterprises in the process of international expansion, the research on the construction of adaptability in overseas markets opens the "black box" of how Chinese multinational enterprises can effectively achieve rapid international growth in the turbulent and changing international market environment. Based on the perspective of process, three key elements of agile learning, flexibility reconstruction and complex innovation in the process of building adaptability in overseas markets are extracted, which promotes the combination and deepening of the complex springboard theoretical framework and the concept of global competition of dynamic capabilities. (3) Based on the interactive perspective of internationalization motivation and overseas market adaptability construction, this paper studies the performance improvement mechanism of Chinese transnational enterprises' internationalization growth, and refines the composition dimension and improvement path of Chinese transnational enterprises' internationalization growth performance from the perspectives of time acceleration and value added. In addition to the theoretical gap caused by the insufficient consideration of the uniqueness of the internationalization growth of Chinese transnational enterprises in the existing literature, the growth rate and growth potential as indicators to measure the performance of the internationalization growth of Chinese transnational enterprises also provides an integrated theoretical analysis framework for the subsequent research. (4) For the situational study of resource constraints, institutional complexity and international environment volatility, the influence of different situational factors of international expansion on internationalization motivation, overseas market adaptability construction and internationalization growth performance is considered, which makes up the theoretical gap of insufficient consideration of situational factors of international expansion of Chinese multinational enterprises in existing studies.
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