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论文编号：	13834
作者编号：	2320200623
上传时间：	2023/5/31 21:57:40
中文题目：	天津ZM公司锰矿贸易业务竞争战略研究
英文题目：	Research on the Competitive Strategy of Tianjin ZM Company''''s Manganese Ore Trade Business
指导老师：	任兵
中文关键字：	锰矿贸易；竞争战略；价值链；总成本领先战略
英文关键字：	Manganese ore trade；Competitive strategy;Value chain；Total cost leadership strategy
中文摘要：	锰是地球上含量最丰富的化学元素之一，锰在中国国民经济中占有着非常重要的位置，大部分锰元素应用于钢铁行业，占比达到 90%，锰作为重要的合 金元素、脱硫剂和脱氧剂，他的用量仅次于铁元素的用量。锰矿石是关系国民 经济的急缺型金属矿产，被广泛应用于钢铁、冶金、化工、建材和环境等领域。 锰矿产业是我国经济发展中一项具有支撑地位的产业，虽然我国有着丰厚的锰 矿资源，但由于我国已探明的锰矿资源可采储量有限，2021年我国锰矿石产量 共计 1083.33万吨，同比减少 3.0%，从市场需求来看，受新冠肺炎疫情影响， 近两年我国锰矿石需求量有所下滑，2021年我国锰矿石需求量为 4076.73 吨，同比减少 4.5%，我国锰矿石需求量远大于产量，需求缺口主要来源于进口。我 国锰矿石进口量远大于出口量，我国是全球锰矿石重要的进口国之一，2021年 中国锰矿石进口量为 2995万吨， 2022年中国锰矿石进口量为 2993万吨。锰矿作为黑色产业链中的上游产品，受宏观政策、汇率波动等的影响极大，近几年 来，随着国内经济增速下降以及能源低碳转型等影响，企业间竞争加剧，很多 企业都面临巨大的经营挑战。 天津 ZM公司作为众多锰矿进出口贸易公司之一，也遇到了同样的问题。 企业虽然为此做了许多应对与改变，也确实取得了一些成效，但依然面临市场 份额萎缩、经营能力下降等问题，经营前景堪忧。那么，如何系统梳理公司所 处的外部环境与自身条件，在新的市场条件下扬长避短，科学合理地建立自己 的竞争战略，明确并强化核心竞争力，在市场上获得更持久的竞争优势，就成 为对企业发展具有长远意义的重要事项。 本论文选取天津ZM贸易公司（以下简称 ZM公司），以ZM公司主业之一的锰矿贸易业务为研究对象，参考迈克尔·波特教授竞争战略相关理论制 定竞争战略。本论文依据 PEST、五力模型、资源基础观以及价值链等方法对公 司的外部环境和内部环境做了系统梳理，在此基础上，构建了SWOT矩阵，结合公司战略目标以及对三种基本竞争战略的可行性分析，为公司选择总成本领 先战略作为锰矿贸易业务的竞争战略。而战略的制定只是第一步，后期的战略 实施与保障，将直接影响企业能否真正落实竞争战略，获得可持续的竞争优势，本论文依据波特的价值链理论，对此也做了讨论。 鉴于ZM公司尚处于经营发展起步的战略机遇期，笔者希望通过制定此竞 争战略，帮助企业主业找准定位实现高速发展。同时希望对公司的业务方向提供参考思路，促进公司尽快走上高速发展的道路。
英文摘要：	Manganese is one of the most abundant chemical elements on earth. Manganese plays a pivotal role in the national economy. 90% of manganese is applied in the iron and steel industry, and as an important alloying element, desulfurizer and deoxidizer, its dosage is second only to iron. Manganese ore is an urgent metal mineral related to the national economy, which is widely used in iron and steel, metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials and environment and so on. Manganese ore industry occupies a very important supporting position in the economic development of our country, which all need rich manganese ore resources to support. Although our country has rich manganese ore resources, the proved recoverable reserves of manganese ore resources are limited.In 2021, the output of manganese ore is 10,833,300 tons, a year-on-year decrease of 3.0%. From the perspective of market demand, affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, the demand of manganese ore has declined in the past two years. In 2021, the demand of manganese ore is 40,767,300 tons, a year-on-year decrease of 4.5%, and the demand of manganese ore is much higher than the output. The demand gap is mainly due to imports.The import volume of manganese ore in China is much larger than the export volume, and China is one of the important importers of manganese ore in the world. In 2021, the import volume of manganese ore in China is 29.95 million tons, and in 2022, the import volume of manganese ore in China is 29.93 million tons. Manganese ore, as the upstream product in the black industry chain, is greatly affected by macro policies and exchange rate fluctuations. In recent years, with the decline of domestic economic growth and the impact of low-carbon energy transformation, competition among enterprises has intensified, and many enterprises are facing huge operational challenges. Tianjin ZM Company, as one of the many manganese ore import and export trading companies, also encountered the same problem. Although the enterprise has made many responses and changes, and indeed achieved some results, it is still faced with problems such as shrinking market share and declining business capacity, and its business prospects are worrying. Therefore, how to systematically sort out the company's external environment and its own conditions, develop its strengths and circumnavigate its weaknesses under the new market conditions, establish its own competitive strategy scientifically and reasonably, clarify and strengthen its core competitiveness, and obtain more lasting competitive advantages in the market have become important matters of long-term significance for the development of enterprises. This paper selects Tianjin ZM Trading Company (hereinafter referred to as ZM Company), takes manganese ore trade business, one of the main businesses of ZM company, as the research object, and makes competitive strategy by referring to Professor Michael Porter's theories of competitive strategy. This paper is based on PEST, five forces model, resource-based view and Value chain and other methods of the company's external environment and internal environment to do a systematic review, on this basis, the construction The SWOT matrix, combined with the company's strategic objectives and the feasibility analysis of three basic competitive strategies, is The company chooses Total cost leadership strategy as the competitive strategy of manganese ore trading business. And the formulation of strategy is only the first.In the first step, the strategy implementation and guarantee in the later stage will directly affect whether the enterprise can really implement the competitive strategy and obtain Sustainable competitive advantage, based on Porter's value chain theory, is also discussed in this paper. In view of ZM company is still in the business development of the strategic opportunity period, the author hopes to formulate this competition Strategy, to help enterprises locate the main business to achieve rapid development. Also hope for the company's industry Business direction to provide reference ideas, promote the company as soon as possible on the road to rapid development.
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