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论文编号：	13799
作者编号：	2320200720
上传时间：	2023/5/31 0:01:53
中文题目：	天然气管道突发事件应急能力评价改进研究 ——以J公司为例
英文题目：	Research on the Improvement of Evaluation of Natural Gas Pipeline Emergency Response Capability: Take J Company for Example
指导老师：	李勇建
中文关键字：	天然气管道；突发事件；风险评估；应急能力评价指标
英文关键字：	Natural Gas Pipeline; Emergencies; Risk Assessment; Emergency Capability Evaluation Index
中文摘要：	随着城镇化水平的提升，城市人口的增加，天然气作为城市居民生活必需品越来越受到重视，城市燃气系统的膨胀、设施的激增，使得影响燃气安全的不可控因素越来越多。此外，燃气的主要成分为甲烷，具有易燃，扩散速度快，易爆，容易复燃、复爆或发生连锁性爆炸燃烧等性质，管道本身也存在腐蚀等问题，使得发生突发事件的概率大大增加。管道输配运行管理作为城镇天然气公司安全管理的重中之重，急需规范统一的标准、科学的评判依据来评价管道突发事件应急能力，找出管道管理存在的薄弱环节和核心问题，提早采取针对性措施消除不安全因素，使风险管控关口前移，才能有效避免燃气泄漏、供气中断、爆燃爆炸等社会事件发生，保障人民群众的生命财产安全。 经过对既往天然气管道突发事件进行研究得出结论，天然气公司管道在处置天然气突发事件时所暴露的短板和不足，不仅仅反映出相关人员现场处置能力的欠缺，从安全生产全过程管理来讲，天然气管道自建设开始，规划、设计、选型、施工、安装、投产、运行、监管等各个环节存在的风险都可能成为诱发管道突发事件的因素之一，而大多数风险是人为的且可以进行整改或预防。 为了有效解决天然气管道运行突发事件应急能力评价的方法存在的与工作实际不紧密、与合规性要求结合不紧密、检查形式流于表面、检查标准缺乏科学依据等问题，本文通过构建突发事件情景框架复盘天然气管道运行突发事件发生情景和突发事件管理流程，充分追溯和分析突发事件的成因；在此基础上，通过发动一线生产运行管理人员积极参与到天然气管道运行管理和应急管理相关的危险源辨识、合规性评价环节中，同时现场调研的方式引导被调研对象主动暴露管理和现场处置中存在的问题，深入剖析管道突发事件发生背后的主要风险；最后按照领导力、资源管理、信息和沟通、风险管理、协调与合作、应急管理计划、演练计划、事件管理系统等八个方面对上述风险进行系统梳理，明确划分风险受控程度，并归纳出问题项的改进建议，形成有可靠依据支撑的、检查形式多角度的、适用性较强的评价报告，输出贴合实际、操作便捷、结果明了的应急管理能力评价工具，实现对天然气管道运行突发事件应急能力评价的方法进行有效改进。 本文将应急能力评价相关规范标准和城镇天然气行业的管理特点充分结合，通过开展突发事件链分析、合规性评价、危险源辨识，充分识别天然气管道突发事件管理存在的潜在风险，优化和改进天然气管道突发事件应急管理能力评估指标，同时对J燃气公司的管道突发事件应急管理现状进行了一次全面、客观的评估，识别出公司在管理方面存在缺失、不足，以及面临的主要安全风险及法律法规风险，并提出降低风险的建议，出具风险评估报告，使J燃气公司领导层掌握公司最真实的安全管理现状，制定有针对性的解决方案，明确安全管理的重点，合理分配资源，不断提升J燃气公司安全管理和应急管理水平，提升安全绩效。 本论文针对评价标准与管道突发事件应急管理实际结合不紧密、不能充分辨识突发事件根本原因的问题，使用事件链分析法与危险源辨识相结合的研究方法，梳理并细化了天然气管道突发事件产生的核心问题；针对检查人员在开展能力评价过程中对相关条文的解读存在偏差的问题，梳理完善了合规性评价库，从而及时有效地发现公司应急管理能力现状与相关法律法规、规范标准的差距并提出针对性改进意见；针对评价标准存在较多经验管理痕迹且评价方向受人为因素影响随意性大的问题，本文通过分析国家标准，将天然气管道突发事件应急管理能力评价的评判指标明确划分成八个方面并结合实际进行细化，并根据相应安全生产管理要素受控程度由低到高划分为一、二、三、四级，最终形成了较为标准、注重现场实际且评价角度多样的天然气企业管道突发事件应急能力评价表。 文章最后一部分对论文的研究内容进行了总结和展望。 天然气管道应急管理是切身关系燃气用户生命财产安全和实际利益的焦点问题，分析、研究和改进天然气管道应急能力评价方法在近年燃气事故频发、社会舆论压力加剧的严峻安全生产态势下具有典型意义。本文的研究成果力求将风险评价理论与天然气安全生产运行实际相结合，转化成更加科学的、具有普适性的应急管理评价工具，对城镇燃气公司天然气管道的安全生产运行管理和应急管理具有较强的借鉴意义。
英文摘要：	With the improvement of urbanization, natural gas, as a necessity for urban residents, has been paid more and more attention. As the top priority of safety management of urban natural gas companies, pipeline transmission and distribution operation management urgently needs standardized and scientific evaluation basis to evaluate the emergency response ability of pipeline emergencies, find out the weak links and core problems in pipeline management, and effectively avoid social events such as gas leakage, gas supply interruption, deflagration and explosion. After studying past natural gas pipeline emergencies, it has been concluded that the shortcomings and shortcomings exposed by natural gas company pipelines in dealing with natural gas emergencies not only reflect the lack of on-site disposal capabilities of relevant personnel, but also from the perspective of safety production throughout the entire process management. Since the construction of natural gas pipelines, planning, design, selection, construction, installation, production, operation The risks in various aspects such as supervision may become one of the factors that trigger pipeline emergencies, and most of the risks are human and can be rectified or prevented. In order to effectively address the problems of the evaluation method for emergency response capability of natural gas pipeline operation emergencies, such as lack of close connection with work reality, lack of close integration with compliance requirements, superficial inspection forms, and lack of scientific basis for inspection standards, this article constructs a framework for emergency scenarios to review the occurrence scenarios and management processes of natural gas pipeline operation emergencies, fully tracing and analyzing the causes of emergencies; On this basis, by mobilizing front-line production and operation management personnel to actively participate in the hazard identification and compliance evaluation related to natural gas pipeline operation management and emergency management, and at the same time, by means of on-site investigation, guide the investigated objects to actively expose the problems in management and on-site disposal, and deeply analyze the main risks behind pipeline emergencies; Finally, the above risks are systematically sorted out from eight aspects: leadership, resource management, information and communication, risk management, coordination and cooperation, emergency management plan, drill plan, and event management system. The degree of risk control is clearly divided, and improvement suggestions for the problem items are summarized. A reliable evaluation report with multiple inspection forms and strong applicability is formed, which is supported by reliable evidence. The output is practical and easy to operate The emergency management capability evaluation tool with clear results can effectively improve the method of emergency capability evaluation for natural gas pipeline operation emergencies. This thesis fully combines the relevant norms and standards of emergency response capability evaluation with the management characteristics of urban natural gas industry, fully identifies the potential risks in the management of natural gas pipeline emergencies, optimizes and improves the evaluation indicators of natural gas pipeline emergency management capability, and comprehensively analyzes the current situation of pipeline emergency management of J Gas Company by carrying out emergency chain analysis, compliance evaluation, and hazard identification Through objective evaluation, the company identified the deficiencies and deficiencies in management, and put forward suggestions to reduce risks, so as to continuously improve the safety management and emergency management level of J gas company and improve safety performance. In view of the problem that the evaluation criteria are not closely combined with the actual emergency management of pipeline emergencies, and the root causes of emergencies cannot be fully identified, this paper combs and refines the core issues arising from natural gas pipeline emergencies by using the research method of combining event chain analysis with hazard identification; In response to the issue of deviation in the interpretation of relevant provisions by inspectors during the process of conducting capability evaluation, a compliance evaluation database has been sorted and improved, in order to timely and effectively identify the gap between the company's emergency management capacity and relevant laws, regulations, and normative standards, and propose targeted improvement suggestions; In response to the issue of many experience management traces in the evaluation criteria and the randomness of the evaluation direction influenced by human factors, this article analyzes national standards and clearly divides the evaluation indicators of emergency management capacity for natural gas pipeline emergencies into eight aspects, which are refined based on actual situations. According to the control degree of corresponding safety production management elements, they are divided into levels 1, 2, 3, and 4 from low to high, ultimately forming a relatively standard A natural gas enterprise pipeline emergency response capability evaluation form that focuses on on-site reality and has diverse evaluation perspectives. The last part of the article summarizes and prospects the research contents of the thesis. Emergency management of natural gas pipelines is a key issue that is closely related to the life and property safety and actual interests of gas users. Analyzing, researching, and improving the evaluation method of emergency capacity of natural gas pipelines has typical significance in the severe safety production situation of frequent gas accidents and intensified public opinion pressure in recent years. The research results of this thesis strive to combine the risk assessment theory with the safe production and operation practice of natural gas, and transform it into a more scientific and universal emergency management evaluation tool, which has a strong reference significance for the safe production and operation management and emergency management of natural gas pipelines of urban gas companies.
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