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论文编号：	1355
作者编号：	032898
上传时间：	2010/4/8 9:32:19
中文题目：	基于知识继承的高技术企业衍生行为研究
英文题目：	Entrepreneurial spin-off firm
指导老师：	张玉利
中文关键字：	衍生企业 母体企业 知识继承 企业成长 组织惯例
英文关键字：	Entrepreneurial spin-off firm Parent firm Knowledge inheritance
中文摘要：	高技术产业中的衍生企业在当今经济发展中扮演着重要的角色，对相关产业和地区的发展做出巨大贡献。与蓬勃发展的企业衍生实践相比，理论研究还显得相对滞后。现有的关于员工离职创业现象的研究大都站在已有企业的视角，研究如何设计企业制度将富有创业精神的员工留在企业内部，公司创业、股权式激励机制等正是这种思路的具体反映。但现实中持续涌现的衍生创业热潮表明，这种思路存在研究角度的缺失，需要从衍生企业特别是创业者的角度对这种现象进行重新的审视。结合我国转轨时期创业实践和学术研究现状，可以发现，对我国高技术衍生企业现象进行深入研究，揭示其中的规律，为衍生企业的创业和成长提供较为系统的管理建议，具有重要的理论与现实意义。 基于这种背景，本文以衍生企业这种微观创新主体作为研究对象，抓住衍生企业与母体企业存在知识继承关系这一最显著的特征，在文献述评的基础上，提出从知识继承的视角对高技术企业衍生行为进行研究。这里的高技术企业衍生行为是指已有高科技企业内的个体或群体离开原企业，自主发起，在相关行业内创办新企业的活动过程，而衍生企业就是这种活动的成果。 论文从衍生企业研究的历史沿革分析入手，界定了所要研究的衍生企业的定义，从而确定了研究范围。为了澄清对企业衍生现象的认识，进一步探讨了企业衍生在经济发展中的积极作用，即促进经济增长、加快产业内的技术创新与变革、提高了人力资源配置的效率；当然企业衍生也面临着造成员工流失和侵犯知识产权两个方面的批评。论文认为衍生企业完全可以在不违背现有的知识产权保护制度的情况下分享来自母体企业的知识溢出，而母体企业的创新意愿并不会因此而受到影响。 衍生企业创业者在已有企业内发现机会后，将根据机会的知识类型来决定是否选择创办新企业来实现机会。衍生创业的驱动要素可以从创业机会、资源、创业团队三个方面来进行分析。 衍生行为伴随着知识和惯例的跨组织转移，继承得来的知识和惯例会影响到衍生企业的初始战略。衍生企业与母体企业之间的知识继承机制主要有三类：员工流动、区域知识溢出、衍生与收购。衍生企业通常采用的战略类型有先行者战略、利基市场战略、市场宽度战略、互补战略，在进行初始战略选择时，衍生企业应该充分考虑自身资源和外部环境因素，主要包括创业者能力、核心技术水平、产业周期阶段、与母体企业关系。 衍生企业有两种成长方式：内部成长和网络成长。衍生企业的内部成长主要体现在继承得来的知识和惯例的逐步演化上。衍生企业的惯例经历了从继承性惯例向生成性惯例的演化。衍生企业的网络成长主要体现在外部网络构建上，在成长过程中，网络的特征呈现出由以个人身份为基础的网络向以计算为基础的网络过渡的动态演化规律。
英文摘要：	High-tech entrepreneurial spin-off firms play the quite important role in the economic development and make a great contribution to the development of relevant industries and regions. Compared with the entrepreneurship spin-offs activities, the theoretical research seems relatively backward. Existing research of employees in high-tech firms leave to found firms stands from parent firm perspective. These researches focused narrowly on construction of enterprise institution for keeping entrepreneurial employees, Such as corporate entrepreneurship and equity incentive mechanism. But the emerging of entrepreneurial spin-offs firms continues to indicate that, research perspective is not comprehensive. We need to reexamine this kind of phenomenon standing from spin-off firms, especially from entrepreneur angle of view. Considering the theory and practice of entrepreneurship in the transition period, we need further to research spin-off firms, conclude operation rules and provide systemic management advices. The research shows realistic and academic meanings. Under this kind of background, this dissertation takes entrepreneurial spin-off firm as the research object, focuses on the remarkable characteristic that spin-off firms inherit knowledge from industry parent firms through their founders. Based on the literature reviews, this dissertation makes some efforts to explore the behavior of spin-off firms from knowledge inheritance research angle. High-tech spin-off behavior means the active process of individual or group leave parent firms to found new venture in correlative industry. Spin-off firm is the outcome of entrepreneurial active. High-tech spin-off activities influence the society, enterprise and individual. Moreover, this kind of influence often has double aspect. Spin-offs can bring the income frequently, also can bring the negative influence or lose. Spin-off firms play a productive social role for promoting economic development, speeding up the technology innovation and reform, increasing the efficiency of human resource deployment. The critics point out that spin-off activities make employee flow and Infringe intellectual property rights. The characteristic of high-tech industry confine the role of intellectual property rights. Established firm often mix intellectual property rights strategy with general competition strategy. When employee in the established firm discovers opportunity, he decides to whether to develop the opportunity by entrepreneurial spin-off by the different type of knowledge about an opportunity. The motivations of spin-off activity include entrepreneurial opportunity, resources and entrepreneurial team. Spin-off activity means routines and resources transfer from old to new organization through personnel migration. Inherited knowledge and routines affect the spin-off’s initiate strategy. Knowledge inheritance mechanism between spin-offs and parent firms include three types: employee mobility, knowledge spillover, spin-off and acquisition. The strategy types of spin-off firms are as follows: the first-mover strategy, the niche strategy, the breadth of market entry, the complementary strategy. Spin-offs should consider interior resource and exterior environment, includes entrepreneur ability, level of core technology, industry life cycle and relation with the incubator firms. Spin-off firms grow through organic growth mechanism and networked growth mechanism. The organic growth primarily reflected in the gradual evolution of inherited knowledge and routines. The routines of spin-offs go through three phases from inherited routines to productive routines. The networked growth primarily reflected in the construction of network. During the growth process, the attributes of networks display the dynamic evolution from identity-based to more calculative networks.
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