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论文编号：	1300
作者编号：	1120060733
上传时间：	2009/6/17 10:26:53
中文题目：	社区公共文化知识转移机制研究
英文题目：	Ｒesearch on Public and Cultur
指导老师：	柯平
中文关键字：	社区 公共文化知识 公共文化知
英文关键字：	Community Public and cultur
中文摘要：	公共文化是当前社会研究的热点，也是文化理论研究中的重要内容。社区公共文化研究目前还处于起步阶段，在理论和实践上都有待于进一步深化。本研究认为文化传承主要依赖于知识的传播，有必要从知识角度对文化进行研究，实现公共文化知识转移。 有别于以往研究多着眼于组织层面，本研究认为公共文化知识是一种知美合一型的新兴知识形态，主要体现为人脑心智模式的意义建构和心理体验，具有较高的内嵌性，需要从个人认知角度展开分析。文化软实力和公共文化服务的提出从根本上肯定了公共文化知识的作用，但尚未从理论上对公共文化知识进行系统研究。在实践领域，公共文化知识通常被作为一种公共文化产品进行提供，这使得潜化在产品载体中的隐性知识价值大大降低。 本研究把社区公共文化知识界定为社区历史形成的或当前创造的，为满足社区全体居民出于生产生活需求和休闲娱乐需求所共享的集体知识，包括社区自有公共文化知识以及一切以公益手段提供的文化知识。从个人认知角度的“意义建构理论”、人际关系的“资本理论”以及媒介传播的“媒介适用理论”三个层面考察社区居民的知识需求和行为特点，建立理论框架并进行实践调研。在理论和实证分析基础上设计了社区公共文化知识转移优化方案表以及深入分析了社区公共文化知识转移的三种机制，并对机制的运行机理、运行方法、运行保障等方面进行了系统研究。 全文共分为七章，引入认知学、社会学、传播学等理论，结合知识转移原理进行综合理论架构；采用文献调研、问卷调查、访谈法、参与观察法以及社会网络分析方法等进行数据收集；采用SPSS 16.0及社会网络分析软件Ucinet 6.0工具进行问卷数据分析。 本研究的主要结论可以分为两个层次。首先，居民的知识需求内容广泛，知识需求意识强，但难以获得有效渠道进行自我满足，知识需求受压抑导致知识获取被动行为现象较为普遍。居民的社会交流网络具有较高的群内选择性，从而造成以血缘和亲缘关系为主要构成的同质性，一定程度上限制了陌生人以及群外人员的介入，知识价值效用有限。居民的休闲娱乐空间狭小，居家休闲是普遍现象；休闲娱乐需求和意愿较高，但对社区公共文化活动的感知和满意度评价较低；休闲媒介以电视为主，休闲娱乐的主要目的是放松心情和增长知识。其次，社区公共文化知识转移机制主要有三种基本类型：被动型、主动型、互动型，三者之间存在着层级递进关系。互动机制对于社区公共文化知识转移不仅可促进知识充分交流，还可能促进知识创新；不仅可提高知识转移主体的知识能力，还可以推动社区能力发展。互动机制是社区公共文化知识转移的最佳机制，需要加以推广。 本研究的创新之处，主要有以下几点： 首先，选取知识角度对社区公共文化进行研究具有一定的创新性。研究成果将对管理学、文化学的理论有所补充，对社区公共文化建设和服务具有一定的理论和实践指导作用。 其次，设计了社区公共文化知识转移优化方案表。本研究针对居民性别、年龄、学历和职业的不同，以及对于不同知识属性转移的特点，根据当前知识缺口提出了相应的媒介优化建议，最后制定了“居民－需求内容－地点－媒介”的知识转移优化方案表。 最后，提出了社区公共文化知识转移的最佳机制。通过在优化方案表基础上，系统分析社区公共文化知识转移的三种运行机制，内容涉及机制的特点、运行方法、适用范围、机制间作用等，并提出互动机制是社区公共文化知识转移的最佳机制。
英文摘要：	Public culture is a hot topic in currently social studies, as well as an important aspect in cultural theory study. Community-based study of public culture is still in its infancy, needs to be further deepen both in theory and practice. As the cultural heritage relies mainly on the dissemination of knowledge, it is necessary to study culture from the perspective of knowledge, to make the culture knowledge transfer to the public. Differently from many previous studies focused on the organizational level, this dissertation indicates that cultural knowledge is a kind of new emerging knowledge form containing with the significance of mental model and psychological experience. This tacit knowledge embedded in the mental model is difficult to be detected, and needs to study from view of cognitive analysis. Cultural soft power and public cultural services have made sure the fundamental role of public and cultural knowledge, but not yet given a systematic research for it. In practice, public and cultural knowledge is often taken as a cultural products provide freely, and makes the product of vector potential of greatly reducing the value of tacit knowledge. In this dissertation, public and cultural knowledge of community is defined as the collective sharing knowledge involves community heritage and the current fruits created by the locals, to meet the residents’ living, producting and recreational needs. This dissertation researches on the knowledge needs of community residents and the need characteristics and behaviors, by establishing the theoretical framework and practice of research from a personal view of cognitive of "Sense-Making Theory", interpersonal relationship view of "Capital Theory" as well as the media's view of "Media Access Theory”. Based on the theory and empirical analysis, it gives out an optimization program table for community public and cultural knowledge transfer and an in-depth analysis of public and cultural communities of three mechanisms for knowledge transfer, and then deeply discuss the mechanisms’ operation, such as their operate methods, inviroments, guarantees, etc. The full dissertation contains seven chapters. Using theories from cognitive science, sociology, communication theories, combined with principles of knowledge transfer to schedule the comprehensive theoretical framework; Using literature study, questionnaires, interviews, participatory observation, as well as methods of social network analysis for data collection; Using SPSS 16.0 and social network analysis software Ucinet 6.0 for questionnaire data analysis. The main conclusions of this dissertation can be divided into two levels. First of all, residents have a wide range of awareness of knowledge needs, but access to effective channels to satisfy their own needs. The depressed knowledge needs behaviors led to the phenomenon of knowledge acquisition more generally passive. Residents’ social communication networks result mainly in blood and genetic relationship without many other strangers and personnel involvements, this high selectivity reduces the effective knowledge value of the network. Residents prefer to take their leisure time home, they have leisure entertainment needs and wishes, but have low community perception of public and cultural activities and low satisfaction rating; they enjoy pastime by television for fun and learning. Secondly, the community of public and cultural knowledge transfer shows passive, active, and interactive mechanism. Interactive mechanism for the transfer of community-based public and cultural knowledge can not only promote the exchange of knowledge sufficient, but also promote knowledge innovation; not only to improve knowledge of the subject of knowledge transfer capacity, but also to promote community capacity development. So, interactive mechanism is the best among the three community of public and cultural knowledge transfer mechanisms, deserves to be promoted. The innovations of this dissertation can conclude as follows: First, it gives new way of study culture from the public knowledge perspective. The research may enrich the theories in management science and cultural science, then play as a guiding role in community-based public and cultural facilities and services. Secondly, it put forwards an optimize sub-text table for community public and cultural knowledge transfer. Based on current knowledge gap found in residents of sex, age, education and vocational differents, and the different characteristics of the transfer knowledge, this dissertation works out an optimization of the media and gives a knowledge transfer optimization program table called "resident – the needs - the location - the media". Finally, it advances the best public and cultural knowledge transfer mechanism for community. With systematic analysis three mainly mechanisms’ operation characteristics, aims, methods, guarantees and their running environments, the dissertation takes the interaction mechanism as the best knowledge transfer model and suggests to further extend and spread it.
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