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论文编号：	12997
作者编号：	2320180566
上传时间：	2021/12/17 12:00:45
中文题目：	X养老社区融资方式研究
英文题目：	Research on X Pension Community Financing Method
指导老师：	王永进
中文关键字：	融资方案；决策方法；养老产业
英文关键字：	Pension institution; Financing model;
中文摘要：	从2018年开始，中国人口结构开始出现根本性转变， 60岁以上人口增加历史上首次突破1000万，而新生儿出生率却创出历史新低，与此同时适龄劳动人口首次下降到9亿，比预想的提前了5年。人口的老龄化比预计的来的更快。建国以来，人们生活以及医疗保障水平的提高，促使人均寿命的延长是老龄化的核心原因。而生育率的持续下降是老龄化的加速器，人口年龄“金字塔”的底部不断缩。与发达国家相比，中国在同一时期特有的改革开放、计划生育、城市化等多项政策的共同作用下，寿命迅速增长，生育迅速减少。中国只用了几十年就走过了发达国家需要100年走完的老龄化之路，快速的老龄化使我们还没来的及认识就已经身在其中，养老俨然已经成为了中国社会的灰犀牛，该领域的理论研究需要更加广泛更加深入。 本文以X养老社区项目融资为例，对养老机构的融资模式进行了研究。首先，从多角度分析了我国目前已然严峻的老龄化问题。其次，回顾从上世纪70年代以来的研究养老问题的相关文献，从中提炼了关于养老机构融资理论的内容，并对其中几种常见的养老机构获取融资的方法进行分析，对各种模式的利弊简单进行了分析。之后，本文以位于Y市的X养老社区为样本，从财务角度出发，对该社区项目建设的实际情况与需求展开了探讨分析，在此基础上，评估了三种可行的融资方案，并对这三种方案项目投资的NPV以及IRR进行了估算，从财务角度得出最优的方案为银行贷款。最后，综合考虑各种因素，兼顾资金获得便利性，长期收益，以及社区服务运营的稳定性，推荐PPP模式作为X养老社区的主要融资方案。
英文摘要：	Beginning in 2018, China’s demographic structure has begun to undergo a fundamental change. The increase in the population over the age of 60 exceeded 10 million for the first time in history, while the birth rate of newborns hit a record low. At the same time, the working-age population dropped to 900 million for the first time. Five years earlier than expected. The population is aging faster than expected. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the improvement of people’s living standards and medical security has promoted the prolongation of average life expectancy as the core reason for aging. The declining fertility rate is an accelerator of aging, and the bottom of the population age "pyramid" continues to shrink. Compared with developed countries, China's life expectancy has increased rapidly and births have decreased rapidly under the combined effects of the unique reform and opening up, family planning, urbanization and other policies during the same period. It took only a few decades for China to traverse the road of aging in developed countries, which would take 100 years to complete. The rapid aging has made us already in it before we come and know it, and pensions have become a part of Chinese society. Grey rhinos, theoretical research in this field needs to be more extensive and in-depth. This article takes X pension community project financing as an example to study the financing mode of pension institutions. First of all, analyze the already severe aging problem in my country from multiple angles. Secondly, review the relevant literature on pension issues since the 1970s, extract the content of the financing theory of pension institutions, and analyze several common methods of obtaining financing for pension institutions, and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various models. A brief analysis was carried out. After that, the case of this article was analyzed in detail, and the project was first financially analyzed. Based on the actual situation of City Y, three feasible financing schemes were designed, and the NPV and IRR of the project investment of these three schemes were estimated. , From a financial point of view, the best solution is a bank loan. Finally, comprehensively considering various factors, taking into account the convenience of obtaining funds, long-term benefits, and the stability of community service operations, the PPP model is recommended as the core content of the financing plan.
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