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论文编号：	12377
作者编号：	2120192896
上传时间：	2021/6/9 23:22:54
中文题目：	强管理-弱保障：平台企业对零工的管理 模式及改进对策 ——以外卖行业为例
英文题目：	Strong Management-weak guarantee: the management mode and improvement countermeasures of platform enterprises for gig jobs --Take the take-out industry as an example
指导老师：	杨斌
中文关键字：	零工经济；平台企业；非典型劳动关系
英文关键字：	gig economy；platform enterprises；Atypical labor relations
中文摘要：	随着我国的互联网和信息技术的发展，依托于互联网平台的零工经济蓬勃发展。新零工经济的发展不仅可以促进劳动力市场的资源优化配置，减少劳动力资源的浪费或者闲置，还可以给劳动者解决就业难题提供新的选择途径，给劳动者提供了大量的就业机会和就业选择。新零工经济不仅可以给零工劳动者提供大量的工作机遇，也可以给平台企业的运营和发展带来很多的优势。在新零工经济的背景下，灵活的用工方式使得零工劳动者具有高度的灵活性和选择多样性，零工劳动者与平台企业之间的劳动关系也随之发生了变化，因此平台只提供零工的劳动报酬即可，没有必要为零工劳动者提供过多的福利和保障。在这种用工管理模式下，平台企业可以节约大量的运营和管理成本。与此同时，零工经济的发展对平台企业和零工劳动者而言也意味着巨大的挑战，零工经济改变了传统的雇佣关系，使零工劳动者需要面对失去传统法律保障的不稳定性和高风险性。 针对目前零工经济发展和用工管理过程中存在的问题，本研究尝试通过探究平台企业的用工管理模式来分析导致问题出现的原因。本研究通过查阅大量的文献资料，对雇佣关系的发展变化及劳动过程理论进行了梳理，并在此基础上以管理和保障的强弱程度为维度对平台企业的用工管理模式进行划分。然后以外卖行业为例，通过文献查阅和访谈的方式分析平台企业对骑手的管理和保障情况，发现零工管理的问题大多在于平台企业对零工劳动者的管理强度与保障强度不匹配。最后，本研究针对强管理-弱保障模式中存在的问题，提出了改善和解决问题的应对策略。
英文摘要：	With the development of the Internet and information technology, the gig economy based on the Internet platform is booming. The development of the new gig economy can not only promote the optimal allocation of the labor market, reduce the waste or idleness of labor resources, but also provide a new way for laborers to solve the employment problem, and provide laborers with a large number of employment opportunities and employment options. While the new gig economy provides workers with a large number of job opportunities, it also brings many advantages to the platform companies. Because of the flexibility and diversity of choices in the gig economy, the platform does not need to provide workers with corresponding benefits and guarantees like employers in traditional employment relationships. Under this employment management model, platform companies can save a lot of operating and management costs. For both workers and platform companies, the subjective selectivity and flexibility brought about by the gig economy enable them to no longer be constrained by traditional work forms and employment methods. Aiming at the problems existing in the development of gig economy and the process of employment management, this study attempts to analyze the causes of the problems by exploring the employment management mode of platform enterprises. Through consulting a large number of literature materials, this study sorts out the development and change of employment relationship and labor process theory, and on this basis, divides the employment management mode of platform enterprises based on the strength of management and security. Then take the take-out industry as an example. This study analyzes the management and guarantee of platform enterprises to riders through literature review and interviews, and finds that the problems of gig management are mostly due to the mismatch between the management intensity of platform enterprises to gig workers and the guarantee situation. Finally, aiming at the problems existing in the strong management-weak guarantee mode, this study puts forward the countermeasures to improve and solve the problems.
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